scholarly journals Re-programming of gene expression in the CS8 rice line over-expressing ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase induces a suppressor of starch biosynthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 1073-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Cakir ◽  
Li Tian ◽  
Naoko Crofts ◽  
Hong-Li Chou ◽  
Kaan Koper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Starch Biosynthesis ◽  
Rice Line ◽  
Adpglucose Pyrophosphorylase

scholarly journals Starch Biosynthesis during Pollen Maturation Is Associated with Altered Patterns of Gene Expression in Maize

2002 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupali Datta ◽  
Karen C. Chamusco ◽  
Prem S. Chourey
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Starch Biosynthesis ◽  
Pollen Maturation

scholarly journals Regulation of Starch Biosynthesis in Plant Leaves: Activation and Inhibition of ADPglucose Pyrophosphorylase

1968 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghirdhar Gopal Sanwal ◽  
Elaine Greenberg ◽  
Jeanne Hardie ◽  
Erma C. Cameron ◽  
Jack Preiss
Keyword(s):  
Starch Biosynthesis ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Adpglucose Pyrophosphorylase

Starch synthesis in potato tubers transformed with the wheat genes for ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Vardy ◽  
Michael J. Emes ◽  
Michael M. Burrell
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Starch Synthesis ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Starch Biosynthesis ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Adpglucose Pyrophosphorylase ◽  
Plastid Targeting

The aim of this work was to study the role of ADPglucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) in starch biosynthesis of non-photosynthetic organs. Agrobacterium tumefaciens was used to transform potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Desire�) with the wheat AGPase genes (AGP-S and AGP-L, coding for the small and large subunits, respectively). Neither of these genes contains a recognisable plastid targeting sequence. Southern analysis and analysis of starch content identified four lines that contained both wheat sequences. Immunoblotting indicated that, in the tubers, three lines expressed the wheat small subunit (AGP-S), but AGP-L cross-reacting protein was not apparent. The fourth transgenic line had reduced AGPase activity. AGPase activity in the AGP-transgenic tubers ranged from 15 to 165% of that found in β-glucuronidase (GUS) control lines.

scholarly journals Phosphorus Alters Starch Morphology and Gene Expression Related to Starch Biosynthesis and Degradation in Wheat Grain

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runqi Zhang ◽  
Cheng Li ◽  
Kaiyong Fu ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Chunyan Li
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Starch Biosynthesis ◽  
Wheat Grain

Molecular and Microscopic Analysis of Altered Gene Expression in Transgenic and Gene Targeted Mice

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
W. K. Jones ◽  
J. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Mouse Tissue ◽  
Adult Heart ◽  
Heavy Chains ◽  
Altered Gene Expression ◽  
Altered Gene ◽  
Pulmonary Myocardium

Two myosin heavy chains (MyHC) are expressed in the mammalian heart and are differentially regulated during development. In the mouse, the α-MyHC is expressed constitutively in the atrium. At birth, the β-MyHC is downregulated and replaced by the α-MyHC, which is the sole cardiac MyHC isoform in the adult heart. We have employed transgenic and gene-targeting methodologies to study the regulation of cardiac MyHC gene expression and the functional and developmental consequences of altered α-MyHC expression in the mouse.We previously characterized an α-MyHC promoter capable of driving tissue-specific and developmentally correct expression of a CAT (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase) marker in the mouse. Tissue surveys detected a small amount of CAT activity in the lung (Fig. 1a). The results of in situ hybridization analyses indicated that the pattern of CAT transcript in the adult heart (Fig. 1b, top panel) is the same as that of α-MyHC (Fig. 1b, lower panel). The α-MyHC gene is expressed in a layer of cardiac muscle (pulmonary myocardium) associated with the pulmonary veins (Fig. 1c). These studies extend our understanding of α-MyHC expression and delimit a third cardiac compartment.

Linking transcription, RNA polymerase II elongation and alternative splicing

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (16) ◽  
pp. 3091-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana E. Giono ◽  
Alberto R. Kornblihtt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Eukaryotic Transcription

Gene expression is an intricately regulated process that is at the basis of cell differentiation, the maintenance of cell identity and the cellular responses to environmental changes. Alternative splicing, the process by which multiple functionally distinct transcripts are generated from a single gene, is one of the main mechanisms that contribute to expand the coding capacity of genomes and help explain the level of complexity achieved by higher organisms. Eukaryotic transcription is subject to multiple layers of regulation both intrinsic — such as promoter structure — and dynamic, allowing the cell to respond to internal and external signals. Similarly, alternative splicing choices are affected by all of these aspects, mainly through the regulation of transcription elongation, making it a regulatory knob on a par with the regulation of gene expression levels. This review aims to recapitulate some of the history and stepping-stones that led to the paradigms held today about transcription and splicing regulation, with major focus on transcription elongation and its effect on alternative splicing.

Role of small nuclear RNAs in eukaryotic gene expression

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saba Valadkhan ◽  
Lalith S. Gunawardane
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Rna Stability ◽  
Splice Sites ◽  
Branch Site ◽  
Small Nuclear Rnas ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene Expression ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene ◽  
Rna Biogenesis

Eukaryotic cells contain small, highly abundant, nuclear-localized non-coding RNAs [snRNAs (small nuclear RNAs)] which play important roles in splicing of introns from primary genomic transcripts. Through a combination of RNA–RNA and RNA–protein interactions, two of the snRNPs, U1 and U2, recognize the splice sites and the branch site of introns. A complex remodelling of RNA–RNA and protein-based interactions follows, resulting in the assembly of catalytically competent spliceosomes, in which the snRNAs and their bound proteins play central roles. This process involves formation of extensive base-pairing interactions between U2 and U6, U6 and the 5′ splice site, and U5 and the exonic sequences immediately adjacent to the 5′ and 3′ splice sites. Thus RNA–RNA interactions involving U2, U5 and U6 help position the reacting groups of the first and second steps of splicing. In addition, U6 is also thought to participate in formation of the spliceosomal active site. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests additional roles for snRNAs in regulation of various aspects of RNA biogenesis, from transcription to polyadenylation and RNA stability. These snRNP-mediated regulatory roles probably serve to ensure the co-ordination of the different processes involved in biogenesis of RNAs and point to the central importance of snRNAs in eukaryotic gene expression.

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