Exercise-induced heart mitochondrial cholesterol depletion influences the inhibition of mitochondrial swelling

The reduction in cholesterol in mitochondria, observed after exercise, is related to the inhibition of mitochondrial swelling. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) plays an essential role in the regulation of cellular cholesterol metabolism and is required by various signalling pathways. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prolonged swimming on the mitochondrial Cav-1 concentration; additionally, we identified the results of these changes as they relate to the induction of changes in the mitochondrial swelling and cholesterol in rat skeletal muscle and liver. Male Wistar rats were divided into a sedentary control group and an exercise group. The exercised rats swam for 3 hours and were burdened with an additional 3% of their body weight. After the cessation of exercise, their quadriceps femoris muscles and livers were immediately removed for experimentation. The exercise protocol caused an increase in the Cav-1 concentration in crude muscle mitochondria; this was related to a reduction in the cholesterol level and an inhibition of mitochondrial swelling. There were no changes in rat livers, with the exception of increased markers of oxidative stress in mitochondria. These data indicate the possible role of Cav-1 in the adaptive change in the rat muscle mitochondria following exercise.

Download Full-text

GRAMD1C promotes autophagy initiation and mitochondrial bioenergetics through regulation of ER-mitochondria cholesterol transport

10.1101/2021.08.04.455032 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew Yoke Wui Ng ◽

Chara Charsou ◽

Ana Sofia Da Silva Lapao ◽

Sakshi Singh ◽

Laura Trachsel-Moncho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Carcinoma ◽

Membrane Vesicles ◽

Negative Regulator ◽

Cholesterol Transport ◽

Cholesterol Depletion ◽

Mitochondrial Bioenergetics ◽

Rapid Induction ◽

Cell Renal Carcinoma ◽

Mitochondrial Cholesterol

During autophagy, cytosolic cargo is sequestered into double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes. The origin and identity of the membranes that from the autophagosome remain to be fully characterized. Here, we investigated the role of cholesterol in starvation-induced autophagy and identify a role for the ER-localized cholesterol transport protein GRAMD1C in the regulation of autophagy and mitochondrial function. We demonstrate first that cholesterol depletion leads to a rapid induction of autophagy, possibly caused by an increased abundance of curved autophagy membranes. We further show that GRAMD1C is a negative regulator of starvation-induced autophagy. Similar to its yeast orthologue, GRAMD1C is recruited to mitochondria through its GRAM domain. Additionally, we find that GRAMD1C is involved in mitochondrial cholesterol transfer and the regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Finally, we demonstrate that the GRAM family are genes involved in clear cell renal carcinoma survival, highlighting the pathophysiological relevance of cholesterol transport proteins.

Download Full-text

Methyl-beta-cyclodextrin induces mitochondrial cholesterol depletion and alters the mitochondrial structure and bioenergetics

FEBS Letters ◽

10.1016/j.febslet.2010.10.023 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 584 (22) ◽

pp. 4606-4610 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Wieslaw Ziolkowski ◽

Michał Szkatula ◽

Artur Nurczyk ◽

Takashi Wakabayashi ◽

Jan Jacek Kaczor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cholesterol Depletion ◽

Mitochondrial Structure ◽

Beta Cyclodextrin ◽

Mitochondrial Cholesterol

Download Full-text

Bioassay of fish gonadotrophin by ovarian mitochondrial cholesterol depletion

General and Comparative Endocrinology ◽

10.1016/0016-6480(85)90232-1 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 491-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Santanu Deb ◽

Md. Jamaluddin ◽

Samir Bhattacharya ◽

Ranjan Bhadra ◽

Asoke G. Datta

Keyword(s):

Cholesterol Depletion ◽

Mitochondrial Cholesterol

Download Full-text

Exercise-induced cholesterol depletion and Na+,K(+)-ATPase activities in human red cell membrane

Experimental Physiology ◽

10.1113/expphysiol.1992.sp003663 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 77 (6) ◽

pp. 933-936 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

KR Shanmugasundaram ◽

C Padmavathi ◽

S Acharya ◽

N Vidhyalakshmi ◽

VK Vijayan

Keyword(s):

Cell Membrane ◽

Cholesterol Depletion ◽

Red Cell ◽

Red Cell Membrane ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Human Red Cell Membrane

Download Full-text

M.681 Clinical relevance of identification of exercise-induced hypertension in adults who received surgical correction of aortic coarctation in childhood

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/s0021-9150(04)90679-x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 157

Author(s):

J VRIEND

Keyword(s):

Clinical Relevance ◽

Aortic Coarctation ◽

Surgical Correction ◽

Induced Hypertension ◽

Exercise Induced

Download Full-text

Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation and Exercise Training on Erythrocyte Antioxidant Enzymes

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.76.5.324 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 76 (5) ◽

pp. 324-331 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Marsh ◽

Laursen ◽

Coombes

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Endurance Training ◽

Young Male ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Antioxidant Supplementation ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Antioxidant Supplements

Erythrocytes transport oxygen to tissues and exercise-induced oxidative stress increases erythrocyte damage and turnover. Increased use of antioxidant supplements may alter protective erythrocyte antioxidant mechanisms during training. Aim of study: To examine the effects of antioxidant supplementation (α-lipoic acid and α-tocopherol) and/or endurance training on the antioxidant defenses of erythrocytes. Methods: Young male Wistar rats were assigned to (1) sedentary; (2) sedentary and antioxidant-supplemented; (3) endurance-trained; or (4) endurance-trained and antioxidant-supplemented groups for 14 weeks. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) activities, and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) were then measured. Results: Antioxidant supplementation had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on activities of antioxidant enzymes in sedentary animals. Similarly, endurance training alone also had no effect (p > 0.05). GPX (125.9 ± 2.8 vs. 121.5 ± 3.0 U.gHb–1, p < 0.05) and CAT (6.1 ± 0.2 vs. 5.6 ± 0.2 U.mgHb–1, p < 0.05) activities were increased in supplemented trained animals compared to non-supplemented sedentary animals whereas SOD (61.8 ± 4.3 vs. 52.0 ± 5.2 U.mgHb–1, p < 0.05) activity was decreased. Plasma MDA was not different among groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: In a rat model, the combination of exercise training and antioxidant supplementation increased antioxidant enzyme activities (GPX, CAT) compared with each individual intervention.

Download Full-text

Trans-resveratrol supplement lowers lipid peroxidation responses of exercise in male Wistar rats

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000654 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masoud Nasiri ◽

Saja Ahmadizad ◽

Mehdi Hedayati ◽

Tayebe Zarekar ◽

Mehdi Seydyousefi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽

Acute Response ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

And Control

Abstract. Physical exercise increases free radicals production; antioxidant supplementation may improve the muscle fiber’s ability to scavenge ROS and protect muscles against exercise-induced oxidative damage. This study was designed to examine the effects of all-trans resveratrol supplementation as an antioxidant to mediate anti-oxidation and lipid per-oxidation responses to exercise in male Wistar rats. Sixty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal number (n = 16) including training + supplement (TS), training (T), supplement (S) and control (C) group. The rats in TS and S groups received a dose of 10 mg/kg resveratrol per day via gavage. The training groups ran on a rodent treadmill 5 times per week at the speed of 10 m/min for 10 min; the speed gradually increased to 30 m/min for 60 minutes at the end of 12th week. The acute phase of exercise protocol included a speed of 25 m/min set to an inclination of 10° to the exhaustion point. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) activity, non-enzymatic antioxidants bilirubin, uric acid, lipid peroxidation levels (MDA) and the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured after the exercise termination. The data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA. The result showed that endurance training caused a significant increase in MDA level [4.5 ± 0.75 (C group) vs. 5.9 ± 0.41 nmol/l (T group)] whereas it decreased the total antioxidant capacity [8.5 ± 1.35 (C group) vs. 7.1 ± 0.55 mmol/l (T group)] (p = 0.001). In addition, GPx and CAT decreased but not significantly (p > 0.05). The training and t-resveratrol supplementation had no significant effect on the acute response of all variables except MDA [4.3 ± 1.4 (C group) vs. 4.0 ± 0.90 nmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.001) and TAC [8.5 ± 0.90 (C group) vs. 6.6 ± 0.80 mmol/l (TS group)] (p = 0.004). It was concluded that resveratrol supplementation may prevent exercise-induced oxidative stress by preventing lipid peroxidation.

Download Full-text