Variable Speed Operation of Permanent Magnet Alternator Wind Turbines Using a Single Switch Power Converter

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Venkataramanan ◽  
B. Milkovska ◽  
V. Gerez ◽  
H. Nehrir
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Constant Frequency ◽  
Tip Speed Ratio ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Converter Topology ◽  
Switch Power

Advantages of operating wind turbine generators at variable speed are well known. Various approaches have been proposed to extract maximum power from the turbines by operating them at the optimum tip-speed ratio. Often, they feature a three-phase controlled rectifier d-c link followed by a three-phase inverter type of power converter topology to deliver constant frequency a-c output power from a variable speed generator coupled to the turbine. However, in stand-alone power supply applications for remote sites, where the power level is a few kW or less, this approach is economically unjustifiable. This paper presents a single switch power electronic converter to regulate the power output of a permanent magnet alternator driven turbine feeding a battery, featuring minimal additional costs suitable for low power applications. Power converter operation and a control strategy to maintain optimum tip-speed ratio are discussed in the paper. Computer simulations of the complete system verifying the proposed concepts are presented.

Modeling and Control of an Infinitely Variable Speed Converter With Application to Wind Turbines

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Zhu ◽  
X. F. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Output Shaft ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Constant Frequency ◽  
Current Frequency ◽  
Feed Forward

Traditional transmission in wind turbine applications has a constant output-to-input speed ratio, which needs a power converter to regulate the current frequency that can be fed into the grid. Different types of continuously variable transmission (CVT) have been developed for vehicle and wind turbine applications, which can generate constant-frequency current without using a power converter in a wind turbine. An infinitely variable speed converter (IVSC) is a specific type of CVT that can achieve a zero speed ratio and transmit a large torque at a low speed ratio. An IVSC with drivers that convert an eccentric motion of cams to a concentric motion of the output shaft through one-way bearings is introduced, and an active control system with a combined feedback and feed forward control that can automatically adjust the eccentricity of the outer cams to control the speed ratio of the transmission is developed. The kinematic model of the IVSC is derived and fitted by a polynomial function to serve as the feed forward function in the control law. The feedback control is used to reduce the system error. A dynamic model of the IVSC is derived to investigate the effect of the dynamic load on the input and output speeds. Static and dynamic tests were conducted to validate the kinematic model of the IVSC. The variation of the average output speed per revolution of the output shaft is 0.56% with respect to the desired output speed in the simulation and 0.91% in the experiments.

Modeling and Control of an Infinitely Variable Speed Converter

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Zhu ◽  
X. F. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Output Shaft ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Average Output ◽  
Constant Frequency ◽  
Current Frequency ◽  
Feed Forward

Traditional transmission in a vehicle has low efficiency and that in a wind turbine has a constant output-to-input speed ratio, which needs a power converter to regulate the current frequency that can be fed into the grid. Different types of continuously variable transmission (CVT) have been developed for vehicle and wind turbine applications, which allow optimal engine speeds to be selected for different driving conditions in the former and can generate constant-frequency current without using a power converter in the latter. An infinitely variable speed converter (IVSC) is a specific type of CVT that can achieve a zero speed ratio and transmit a large torque at a low speed ratio. An IVSC with drivers that convert an eccentric motion of cams to a concentric motion of the output shaft through one-way bearings is introduced, and an active control system with a combined feedback and feed-forward control that can automatically adjust the eccentricity of outer cams to control the speed ratio of the transmission is developed. The kinematic model of the IVSC is derived and fitted by a polynomial function to serve as the feed-forward function in the control law. The feedback control is used to reduce the system error. A dynamic model of the IVSC is derived to investigate the effect of the dynamic load on the input and output speeds. Static and dynamic tests were conducted to validate the kinematic model of the IVSC. The variation of the average output speed per revolution of the output shaft is 0.56% with respect to the desired output speed in the simulation and 0.91% in the experiments.

Novel power converter topology for three-phase four-wire hybrid power filter

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-L. Jou ◽  
K.-D. Wu ◽  
J.-C. Wu ◽  
C.-H. Li ◽  
M.-S. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Power Converter ◽  
Power Filter ◽  
Hybrid Power ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Converter Topology ◽  
Hybrid Power Filter

Voltage Control of PM Synchronous Generator System Using Recurrent Wavelet Neural Network Controller

2013 ◽  
Vol 284-287 ◽  
pp. 2346-2350
Author(s):  
Chih Hong Lin ◽  
Chih Peng Lin
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Power Converter ◽  
Wavelet Neural Network ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Generator System ◽  
Neural Network Controller ◽  
Three Phase

A recurrent wavelet neural network (RWNN) controller is proposed to control output voltages for a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) direct drive three-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) system at stand-alone power application in this paper. First, the field-oriented mechanism is implemented for the control of the PMSG system. Then, a rectifier (AC/DC power converter) and an inverter (DC/AC power converter) are developed to convert the electric power generated by a three-phase PMSG system. Moreover, two online trained RWNNs using backpropagation learning algorithm are developed as the regulating controllers for both the DC-link voltage of the rectifier and the AC line voltage of the inverter. Finally, to show the effectiveness of the proposed controller, comparative studies with PI controller are demonstrated by experimental results.

The Research of Variable Speed Constant Frequency Wind Power Generation Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 986-987 ◽  
pp. 619-621
Author(s):  
Yuan Fei ◽  
Quan Liu ◽  
Yong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Frequency Control ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Constant Frequency ◽  
Variable Speed Wind Turbine ◽  
Variable Speed Constant Frequency ◽  
Power Generation Technology ◽  
Generation Technology

This paper briefly introduces the characteristics of wind power technology and its development process, Through data comparison, demonstrate the superiority of the variable speed wind turbine operation. In keeping the best tip speed ratio, the variable speed constant frequency control for the biggest wind power.

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