Map Width Enhancement Technique for a Turbocharger Compressor

2013 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subenuka Sivagnanasundaram ◽  
Stephen Spence ◽  
Juliana Early
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Recirculating Flow ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents an investigation of map width enhancement and the performance improvement of a turbocharger compressor using a series of static vanes in the annular cavity of a classical bleed slot system. The investigation has been carried out using both experimental and numerical analysis. The compressor stage used for this study is from a turbocharger unit used in heavy duty diesel engines of approximately 300 kW. Two types of vanes were designed and added to the annular cavity of the baseline classical bleed slot system. The purpose of the annular cavity vane technique is to remove some of the swirl that can be carried through the bleed slot system, which would influence the pressure ratio. In addition to this, the series of cavity vanes provides a better guidance to the slot recirculating flow before it mixes with the impeller main inlet flow. Better guidance of the flow improves the mixing at the inducer inlet in the circumferential direction. As a consequence, the stability of the compressor is improved at lower flow rates and a wider map can be achieved. The impact of two cavity vane designs on the map width and performance of the compressor was highlighted through a detailed analysis of the impeller flow field. The numerical and experimental study revealed that an effective vane design can improve the map width and pressure ratio characteristic without an efficiency penalty compared to the classical bleed slot system without vanes. The comparison study between the cavity vane and noncavity vane configurations presented in this paper showed that the map width was improved by 14.3% due to a significant reduction in surge flow and the peak pressure ratio was improved by 2.25% with the addition of a series of cavity vanes in the annular cavity of the bleed slot system.

Map Width Enhancement Technique for a Turbocharger Compressor

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subenuka Sivagnanasundaram ◽  
Stephen Spence ◽  
Juliana Early
Keyword(s):  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Comparison Study ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Recirculating Flow ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents an investigation of map width enhancement and the performance improvement of a turbocharger compressor using a series of static vanes in the annular cavity of a classical bleed slot system. The investigation has been carried out using both experimental and numerical analysis. The compressor stage used for this study is from a turbocharger unit used in heavy duty diesel engines of approximately 300 kW. Two types of vanes have been designed and added to the annular cavity of the baseline classical bleed slot system. The purpose of the annular cavity vane technique is to remove some of the swirl that can be carried through the bleed slot system, which would influence the pressure ratio. In addition to this, the series of cavity vanes provides a better guidance to the slot recirculating flow before it mixes with the impeller main inlet flow. Better guidance of the flow improves the mixing at the inducer inlet in the circumferential direction. As a consequence, the stability of the compressor is improved at lower flow rates and a wider map can be achieved. The impact of two cavity vane designs on the map width and performance of the compressor has been highlighted through a detailed analysis of the impeller flow field. The numerical and experimental study revealed that an effective vane design can improve the map width and pressure ratio characteristic without an efficiency penalty compared to the classical bleed slot system without vanes. The comparison study between the cavity vane and non-cavity vane configurations presented in this paper showed that the map width was improved by 14.3% due to a significant reduction in surge flow and the peak pressure ratio was improved by 2.25% with the addition of a series of cavity vanes in the annular cavity of the bleed slot system.

An Impact of Various Shroud Bleed Slot Configurations and Cavity Vanes on Compressor Map Width and the Inducer Flow Field

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subenuka Sivagnanasundaram ◽  
Stephen Spence ◽  
Juliana Early ◽  
Bahram Nikpour
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Choked Flow ◽  
Recirculating Flow ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Compressor Map ◽  
The Impact

This paper describes an investigation of map width enhancement and a detailed analysis of the inducer flow field due to various bleed slot configurations and vanes in the annular cavity of a turbocharger centrifugal compressor. The compressor under investigation is used in a turbocharger application for a heavy duty diesel engine of approximately 400 hp. This investigation has been undertaken using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of the full compressor stage, which includes a manual multiblock-structured grid generation method. The influence of the bleed slot flow on the inducer flow field at a range of operating conditions has been analyzed, highlighting the improvement in surge and choked flow capability. The impact of the bleed slot geometry variations and the inclusion of cavity vanes on the inlet incidence angle have been studied in detail by considering the swirl component introduced at the leading edge by the recirculating flow through the slot. Further, the overall stage efficiency and the nonuniform flow field at the inducer inlet have been also analyzed. The analysis revealed that increasing the slot width has increased the map width by about 17%. However, it has a small impact on the efficiency, due to the frictional and mixing losses. Moreover, adding vanes in the cavity improved the pressure ratio and compressor performance noticeably. A detail analysis of the compressor with cavity vanes has also been presented.

An Impact of Various Shroud Bleed Slot Configurations and Cavity Vanes on Compressor Map Width and the Inducer Flow Field

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subenuka Sivagnanasundaram ◽  
Stephen Spence ◽  
Juliana Early ◽  
Bahram Nikpour
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Choked Flow ◽  
Recirculating Flow ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Compressor Map ◽  
The Impact

This paper describes an investigation of map width enhancement and a detailed analysis of the inducer flow field due to various bleed slot configurations and vanes in the annular cavity of a turbocharger centrifugal compressor. The compressor under investigation is used in a turbocharger application for a heavy duty diesel engine of approximately 400hp. This investigation has been undertaken using a CFD model of the full compressor stage which includes a manual multi-block structured grid generation method. The influence of the bleed slot flow on the inducer flow field at a range of operating conditions has been analysed, highlighting the improvement in surge and choked flow capability. The impact of the bleed slot geometry variations and the inclusion of cavity vanes on the inlet incidence angle have been studied in detail by considering the swirl component introduced at the leading edge by the recirculating flow through the slot. Further, the overall stage efficiency and the non-uniform flow field at the inducer inlet have been also analysed. The analysis revealed that increasing the slot width has increased the map width by about 17%. However, it has a small impact on the efficiency due to the frictional and mixing losses. Moreover, adding vanes in the cavity improved the pressure ratio and compressor performance noticeably. A detail analysis of the compressor with cavity vanes has also been presented.

Effects of Circumferential Inlet Distortion on the Performance of a Transonic Fan Together With the Impact of Tip Injection

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein Khaleghi ◽  
Reza Jalaly
Keyword(s):  
Flow Field ◽  
Axial Flow ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Inlet Distortion ◽  
Distorted Region ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Tip Injection ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Transonic Fan ◽  
The Impact

Half-annulus unsteady numerical simulations have been conducted with a 60-deg total pressure circumferential distortion in a transonic axial-flow fan. The effects of inlet distortion on the performance, stability and flow field of the test case are investigated and analyzed. Results show that the incidence angles are reduced when the blades are entering into the distorted region. Conversely, distortion increases the incidence angles onto the blades when they are leaving the distorted section. Results further reveal that the time-averaged flow field at the tip of the blade is similar with and without distortion. However, the distortion applied is found to have detrimental effects on both the stability and performance. The impacts of both annular and discrete tip injection on the endwall flow field are further studied in the current work. It is shown that endwall injection reduces the incidence angles onto the blades. Consequently, the passage shock and the leakage flow are pushed rearward, which postpones stall initiation.

Emissions Characteristics for Heavy-Duty Diesel Trucks Under Different Loads Based on Vehicle-Specific Power

2017 ◽  
Vol 2627 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuanghong Zhang ◽  
Lei Yu ◽  
Guohua Song
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Vehicle Loads ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Diesel Trucks ◽  
The Impact

Both operating modes and emissions factors for heavy-duty diesel (HDD) trucks were analyzed under different loads to understand the effect of vehicle loads on emissions. Second-by-second speed data for different loads for HDD trucks were collected first. Then a method for calculating the vehicle-specific power (VSP) values and an emissions model for heavy-duty vehicles by using the VSP value were developed to evaluate the effect of different vehicle loads. The VSP distributions and emissions characteristics for fully loaded and unloaded trucks were analyzed and compared. The results illustrate that the fully loaded vehicles spent more time driving in steady modes and the time percentage of VSP values in the bin of 0 kW/ton for fully loaded trucks was lower than the percentage for unloaded trucks. However, the time percentage at the positive VSP value was significantly higher than the percentage for the unloaded trucks. The emissions factors of fully loaded trucks were significantly higher than those of unloaded trucks. Emissions factors were affected the most at speed intervals of 20 to 40 km/h, with emissions factors for carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), hydrocarbon, and particulate matter (PM) at 20.4%, 23.5%, 29.0%, 11.7%, and 9.4% higher, respectively, than those levels for unloaded vehicles. With an increase of travel speed, the impact of the load on emissions weakened. Vehicle loads had the greatest effect on emissions of NOx, followed by emissions of CO. PM emissions were the least affected by vehicle loads. The impact of vehicle loads on emissions was affected by different acceleration behaviors under different loads.

Impact of military JP-8 fuel on heavy-duty diesel engine performance and emissions

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (8) ◽  
pp. 957-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Fernandes ◽  
J Fuschetto ◽  
Z Filipi ◽  
D Assanis ◽  
H McKee
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Engine Performance And Emissions ◽  
The Impact

Investigating the impact of jet fuel on diesel engine performance and emissions is very important for military vehicles, due to the US Army Single Fuel Forward Policy mandating that deployed vehicles must refuel with aviation fuel JP-8. There is a known torque and fuel economy penalty associated with the operation of a diesel engine with JP-8 fuel, due to its lower density and viscosity. On the other hand, a few experimental studies have suggested that kerosene-based fuels have the potential for lowering exhaust emissions, especially particulate matter, compared to diesel fuel #2 (DF-2). However, studies so far have typically focused on quantifying the effects of simply replacing the regular DF-2 with JP-8, rather than fully investigating the reasons behind the observed differences. This research evaluates the effect of using JP-8 fuel in a heavy-duty diesel engine on fuel injection, combustion, performance, and emissions, and subsequently utilizes the obtained insight to propose changes to the engine calibration to mitigate the impact of the trade-offs. Experiments were carried out on a Detroit Diesel Corporation (DDC) S60 engine outfitted with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The results indicate that torque and fuel economy of diesel fuel can be matched, without smoke or NO x penalty, by increasing the duration of injection to compensate for the lower fuel density. The lower cetane number of JP-8 caused an increased ignition delay and increased premixed combustion, and their cumulative effect led to relatively unchanged combustion phasing. Under almost all conditions, JP-8 led to lower NO x and particulate matter (PM) emissions and shifted the NO x-PM trade-off favourably.

The Impact Upon Durability of Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Using 5 Percentage Biodiesel

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong-Yuan Ku ◽  
Ko Wei Lin ◽  
Ya-Lun Chen ◽  
Ching-Fu Liao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
The Impact
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