THE EFFECT OF CARBON FIBER TYPES ON TOOL WEAR DURING EDGE TRIMMING OF 0°, 45°, 90°, AND 135° CARBON FIBER REINFORCED PLASTIC LAMINATES

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Ryan Khawarizmi ◽  
Mohammad Sayem Bin Abdullah ◽  
Yinyin Han ◽  
Dave Kim ◽  
Patrick Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Edge Trimming ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) composites are difficult-to-machine materials due to extensive tool wear. This paper investigates the impact of carbon fiber types on tool wear in edge-trimming CFRPs, each with particular ply angle of 0°, 45°, 90°, or 135°, using uncoated tungsten carbide endmills at the high spindle speed of 6000 rpm and the constant feed of 0.0508 mm/rev. Three distinct types of carbon fiber tows, including T300 as standard modulus (SM), IM-7 as intermediate modulus (IM), and K13312 as high modulus (HM), have been vacuum infused into CFRP laminates and edge-trimmed to investigate wear characteristics. Three wear criteria measured are flank wear, edge rounding radii, and worn area. The results show that tool wear is influenced by carbon fiber properties, such as fiber tensile strength, tensile modulus, and fiber microstructure. Overall, intermediate modulus carbon fibers with the highest tensile strength produced the most extensive tool wear due to brushing effects by abrasive carbon fibers. Out of four fiber directions, the largest tool wear was obtained from the 45° angle, while the lowest tool wear occurred in the 0° angle.

The Effect of Carbon Fiber Types on Tool Wear During Edge Trimming of 0°, 45°, 90°, and 135° Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Laminates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Khawarizmi ◽  
Patrick Kwon ◽  
Mohammad Sayem Bin Abdullah ◽  
Yinyin Han ◽  
Dave Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Edge Trimming ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Although carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) materials are widely used in high-strength and low-weight applications such as aerospace, defense, and automotive industries, they are one of the difficult-to-machine materials due to extensive tool wear. This paper investigates the impact of carbon fiber types on tool wear in edge-trimming CFRPs, each with particular ply angle of 0°, 45°, 90°, or 135°, using uncoated tungsten carbide endmills at a high spindle speed of 6000 rpm and a constant feed of 0.0508 mm/rev. Three distinct types of carbon fiber tows, including T300 as standard modulus (SM), IM-7 as intermediate modulus (IM), and K13312 as high modulus (HM), have been vacuum infused into CFRP laminates and edge-trimmed to investigate wear characteristics. Three wear criteria measured are flank wear, edge rounding radii, and worn area. The results show that tool wear is influenced by carbon fiber properties, such as fiber tensile strength, tensile modulus, and fiber microstructure. Overall, Intermediate modulus carbon fibers with the highest tensile strength produced the largest tool wear due to brushing effects by abrasive carbon fibers. Out of four fiber directions, the largest tool wear was obtained from the 45° angle while the lowest tool wear occurred in the 0° angle.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of the microstructures and tensile properties of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers exposed to elevated temperatures in air

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 155892501985001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenggao Li ◽  
Guijun Xian
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced

The elevated temperature resistance and even fire resistance of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites were critical concerns in many applications. These properties of a carbon fiber-reinforced polymer depend not only on the degradation of the polymer matrix but also on that of the carbon fibers under elevated temperatures. In this study, influences of elevated temperatures (by 700°C for 30 min) in air on the mechanical properties and microstructures of a carbon fiber were investigated experimentally. It was found that the tensile strength and modulus as well as the diameters of the carbon fibers were reduced remarkably when the treatment temperatures exceeded 500°C. At the same time, the content of the structurally ordered carbonaceous components on the surface of carbon fibers and the graphite microcrystal size were reduced, while the graphite interlayer spacing ( d002) was enhanced. The deteriorated tensile modulus was attributed to the reduced graphite microcrystal size and the reduced thickness of the skin layer of the carbon fiber, while the degraded tensile strength was mainly attributed to the weakened cross-linking between the graphite planes.

High-speed edge trimming of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites using coated router tools

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (28-30) ◽  
pp. 4189-4202
Author(s):  
R Prakash ◽  
Vijayan Krishnaraj ◽  
Jamal Sheikh-Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Edge Trimming

During trimming of edges of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite parts, issues such as resin degradation, delamination, and poor surface finish at the trimmed edges, and increased tool wear in cutting tools used is common. Therefore, it is essential to carry out investigations on edge trimming of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer to find the effect of cutting forces generated and the cutting tool temperature induced at different high speeds and feeds conditions. In this work, two different-coated router tools of titanium aluminum nitride-coated and diamond-like carbon-coated routers were used for investigating the effect of these coatings on cutting force and cutting tool temperature which affect the surface quality of trimmed carbon fiber-reinforced polymer. From the investigation, it was found that the diamond-like carbon-coated router tool has generated lower cutting forces, cutting tool temperatures, and, in turn, better surface finish even at high-speed conditions when compared to other tools. Due to the complex geometry of the router tool, online tool wear monitoring by acoustic emission technique was employed. Acoustic emission signals were taken as the measuring index of tool wear which shows good correlation with direct tool wear measurements. From the experiments, it was found that the tool performance of the diamond-like carbon-coated router is superior when compared to other tools. In addition, for edge trimming of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composite parts, the diamond-like carbon router tool performed without much disturbance for a length of machining of around 5.9 m which is about 46% of increase in length of machining when compared to uncoated router tool.

scholarly journals Static and Dynamic Performances of Chopped Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Mortar and Concrete Incorporated with Disparate Lengths

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 972
Author(s):  
Yeou-Fong Li ◽  
Kun-Fang Lee ◽  
Gobinathan Kadagathur Ramanathan ◽  
Ta-Wui Cheng ◽  
Chih-Hong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Blast Wave ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
The Impact

The impact load, such as seismic and shock wave, sometimes causes severe damage to the reinforced concrete structures. This study utilized different lengths of chopped carbon fibers to develop a carbon-fiber-reinforced mortar (CFRM) and carbon-fiber-reinforced concrete (CFRC) with high impact and anti-shockwave resistance. The different lengths (6, 12, and 24 mm) of chopped carbon fibers were pneumatically dispersed and uniformly mixed into the cement with a 1% weight proportion. Then the CFRM and CFRC specimens were made for static and dynamic tests. The compressive and flexural strengths of the specimens were determined by using the standard ASTM C39/C 39M and ASTM C 293-02, respectively. Meanwhile, a free-fall impact test was done according to ACI 544.2R-89, which was used to test the impact resistances of the specimens under different impact energies. The CFRM and CFRC with a length of 6 mm exhibit maximum compressive strength. Both flexural and free-fall impact test results show that the 24 mm CFRM and CFRC enhances their maximum flexural strength and impact numbers more than the other lengths of CFRM, CFRC, and the benchmark specimens. After impact tests, the failure specimens were observed in a high-resolution optical microscope, to identify whether the failure mode is slippage or rupture of the carbon fiber. Finally, a blast wave explosion test was conducted to verify that the blast wave resistance of the 24 mm CFRC specimen was better than the 12 mm CFRC and benchmark specimens.

Experimental Study on Temperature Effect and Tool Wear on Edge Trimming of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Prakash ◽  
V. Krishnaraj ◽  
G.S. Tarun ◽  
M. Vijayagopal ◽  
G.Denesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Edge Trimming

Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are used as structural materials in automotive and aerospace industries because of its superior properties like high strength to weight ratio and high stiffness to weight ratio. Though most CFRP products are produced to near net shape by different composite manufacturing methods, some post machining processes such as drilling, edge trimming are required. In order to shape and smooth the edges of the composite components the edge trimming plays a major role. This research gave the approach of studying the effect of temperature and tool wear on surface roughness obtained during edge trimming of uni directional CFRP with different fiber orientations and quasi isotropic CFRP with the sequence of [90/-45/0/45/90/-45/0/45]S.The effect of coating of tool on tool wear and surface roughness were also studied.

scholarly journals Effect of Super Plasticizers on Fresh and Hardened State Properties of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Electrically Conductive Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2644-2650
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced ◽  
The Impact

This study enlightens the influence of superplasticizers (SP) on the dispersion and distribution of carbon fibers in the carbon fiber reinforced concrete (CFRC) cast with a low w/c ratio. The effectiveness of Polycarboxylate ether (PCE) based SP in the enhancement of workability of concrete and deagglomeration of carbon fibers in CFRC has been studied extensively in this study. The effect of PCE based SP on the compressive strength properties and electrical properties of the CFRC were also studied. The microstructure of the CFRC specimens was also analyzed to study the impact of SP on the deagglomeration of carbon fibers in CFRC. It was observed that the inclusion of carbon fibers in the dry concrete mixes without SP showed a negative effect on the functional properties of concrete whereas the inclusion of SP in the CFRC mixes improved the mobility and viscosity of the CFRC mixes. The fresh and hardened state properties were effectively enhanced with the use of SP in the CFRC mixes. The magnitude of decrease in electrical resistance was better in SP based CFRC resulting in more electrical conductivity. The microstructure of the CFRC indicated improvement in the distribution of carbon fibers in SP based CFRC.

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