Design and Development of a Power Turbine for the Spey Gas Generator

Volume 1B: General ◽

10.1115/78-gt-183 ◽

1978 ◽

Author(s):

N. G. Reed ◽

J. M. Wilson

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Test ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Operating Experience ◽

First Year ◽

Test Results ◽

Gas Generator ◽

Natural Gas Pipeline ◽

Power Turbine ◽

Laboratory Test Results ◽

History Of

The engineering aspects of a new high efficiency 16,200-hp (12,080-MW) gas turbine using the Spey gas generator are presented. The history of the Spey and its evolution as an industrial gas generator are given. The design philosophy, aerodynamic features, and mechanical aspects of the new power turbine are discussed. Full-load laboratory test results of the new unit are reviewed. The first field installation, including the conversion of an existing natural gas pipeline unit from an Avon gas generator, is described. The first year of field operating experience is also summarized.

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Subcutaneous Tocilizumab for Thyroid Eye Disease

Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society ◽

10.3341/jkos.2021.62.11.1553 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 62 (11) ◽

pp. 1553-1559

Author(s):

Jungyul Park ◽

Hee-young Choi

Keyword(s):

Laboratory Test ◽

Thyroid Eye Disease ◽

Eye Disease ◽

Immunoglobulin Level ◽

Test Results ◽

Normal Limits ◽

Final Injection ◽

Laboratory Test Results ◽

History Of ◽

Pre Treatment

Purpose: To demonstrate the efficacy of subcutaneous tocilizumab (TCZ-SC) treatment for recalcitrant thyroid eye disease (TED) refractory to intravenous methylprednisolone (MP) and oral methotrexate (MTX).Case summary: (Case 1) A 52-year-old man, smoker, with hyperthyroidism presented with a 3-months history of TED. The initial clinical activity score (CAS) was 5 (total score of 7). High-dose intravenous MP and oral MTX failed to improve the symptoms. He was treated with four doses of 162 mg TCZ-SC at an interval of 2 weeks. Pre-treatment laboratory test results were within normal limits. CAS was reduced to 2 weeks after the final injection, and there were no recurrences during the 6-month follow-up. (Case 2) A 37-year-old woman, non-smoker, with a 3-months history of hyperthyroidism presented with conjunctival injection and upper eyelid erythema. The initial CAS was 4, and thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin level was raised (475% of normal). The symptoms did not improve with 7.5 g intravenous MP and oral MTX. The patient was treated with 162 mg TCZ-SC. Pre-treatment laboratory test results were within normal limits. CAS was reduced to 1 after the final injection, and there were no recurrences during the 6-months follow-up.Conclusions: TCZ-SC improves symptoms of corticosteroid-resistant TED, and may be a reasonable option in recalcitrant TED cases. However, further studies are required to justify the use of TCZ-SC for TED.

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Design Characteristics and Operating Experience of Nuovo Pignone PGT 16 Gas Turbine

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations ◽

10.1115/94-gt-353 ◽

1994 ◽

Author(s):

D. Sabella ◽

S. Sferruzza

Keyword(s):

Gas Turbine ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Operating Experience ◽

Paper Mill ◽

Combined Cycle ◽

Heavy Duty ◽

Gas Generator ◽

Package Design ◽

Power Turbine ◽

Design Characteristics

The paper outlines the main features of the PGT 16 gas turbine with its auxiliaries and summarizes the experiences made in the field with the first seven units put in service starting in the first quarter of 1992. The PGT 16 gas turbine utilizes an aero-derivative gas generator, the LM 1600 manufactured by General Electric, coupled with a heavy-duty power turbine designed and manufactured by Nuovo Pignone. This power turbine is the same utilized for the 14000 HP heavy-duty gas turbine Nuovo Pignone PGT 10. The nominal shaft power is 18600 HP, with 36.4% efficiency. The design shaft speed of 7900 rpm makes this unit particularly suitable for mechanical drive applications, matching the typical speed range of centrifugal compressors in its power range. At the same time the high efficiency makes this unit attractive for both simple cycle and combined cycle power generation plants. The package design privileges maintenance requirements to minimize the downtime and to provide the highest possible degree of availability. The first 5 units in service have been installed along the Transcanada Pipeline and drive pipeline booster ‘compressors, PCL and BCL type: the other two units are in operation in a cogeneration facility in a paper-mill. At October ’93 the seven units have totalled 60,000 fired hours and the fleet leader 13,000 fired hours approximately.

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