Zobo Tea Package Design Prototype Allied with Product Onomastics

The purpose of this design is to create a Zobo tea package design prototype allied with African indigenous onomastics. African indigenous products are effective in terms of functionality; however, industrialized products gained more attention because of aesthetics, safety, hygiene, and other advanced technology put into consideration during production. This seems to boost the inferiority of indigenous products. Hence, the present study focuses on indigenous Zobo tea in terms of creating a conceptual package design prototype enhanced with product onomastics. Twenty-two names are derived for indigenous Zobo tea by making use of linguistics techniques. These names are used as label for designing a conceptual package prototype for indigenous Zobo tea. A Delphi technique is adopted for the evaluation of this creative process. The findings show that homonym as an onomastics will enhance the branding and development of indigenous Zobo tea even in the international market. This will remodel the inferiority of the aesthetics of Zobo indigenous products. Hence, research on the choice of an appropriate name for a particular product should be a contemporary research area to improve the present situation of our indigenous product branding and graphic design. It is believed that the outcome of this research could provide guidelines for effective naming in product package design for indigenous product development; as creative designers must not only understand the vocabulary of graphic design but be aware of extraneous constraints that could affect their designs.

Research and Development of a Wireless Self-Powered Sensing Device Based on Bridge Vibration Energy Collection

Traditional bridge monitoring has found it difficult to meet the current diversified needs, and frequent replacement of sensor batteries is neither economical nor environmentally friendly. This paper presents a wireless acceleration sensor with low power consumption and high sensitivity through integrated circuit design, data acquisition and wireless communication design, package design, etc. The accuracy of the sensor in data collection was verified through calibration and performance comparison tests. The ability of triangular piezoelectric cantilever beam (PCB) was tested through design and physical manufacture. Finally, the self-powered performance of the sensor was tested by connecting the sensor and the triangular PCB through a circuit, which verifies the feasibility of using the PCB to collect bridge vibration energy and convert it into electrical energy to supply power for sensor, and also explore the green energy collection and application.

The Impact of Package Design On Fermented Milk Waste

One of the main goals of food packaging is the food waste reduction. However, some package designs may contradict this premise. This present work aimed to evaluate the effect of package design on fermented milk waste. Twenty-six packages of fermented milk of eight different designs were weighted to obtain the following masses: i) mass of the liquid removed from the package through a consumption simulation; ii) mass of the package without food and before the washing and drying processes; and, iii) mass of the cleaned and dried package. The main package factor in the fermented milk waste was the shape of the bottleneck. The packages that provided greater removal of the liquid content did not offer resistance to the food flow in the bottleneck. Other aspects that contributed to the food waste were straight angles and curves of the package. Thus, the package design impacts in the fermented milk waste.

Prefabricated Futures: Adaptable and productive construction methods for New Zealand dwellings

<p>The traditional construction method of the New Zealand home has remained largely unchanged over the last century. These housing solutions that have supported our nation no longer suffice and the ‘young home owner’ is becoming a distant dream. New Zealand needs homes, and fast. Specialised trades create fragmentation in construction. This results in inefficient processes that divide the stages of constructing a home. What lacks in these instances is accessibility to design. Architects tend to focus on one-off, bespoke builds, whilst transportable home companies create generic, minimum spec designs. It can be argued that current prefabricated solutions are not complete, requiring sub-trades and work onsite that causes delays and construction related setbacks. Investigation into a key historic precedent has driven this research. This demonstrates that attempts have been made to change the housing model in New Zealand with some success. The precedent aligns with past notions in considering core parts of the home as products. This can create efficiencies in construction. The current demand for housing provides the perfect opportunity to reboot the method in which we build. This thesis questions how offsite panel assemblies can create a complete prefabricated housing product and improve construction efficiencies. This will still offer architectural choice. BIM (Building Information Modelling) and parameter driven design are used as a vehicle to demonstrate how more efficient, more collaborative and more controlled design approaches can be developed in order to create a complete construction package. Design-led research involving constant scale model testing and development led to my prefabricated wall panel design. Named the LapLock panel, I have developed a complete wall, floor and roof panel product system. Designed to be fully fabricated from structure to claddings and services in factory. This produces ruthless efficiencies onsite. The work utilises BIM in the form of Revit and takes advantage of parameter driven families to allow for fast manipulation and output of drawings for panels. A constant conversation between analogue and digital tools (in the form of physical scale models and Revit) strengthened the understandings of the limitations throughout the research. This thesis offers a new way of considering how New Zealand builds homes. By introducing adaptable and efficient panels that are complete on arrival to site, the Laplock solution provides accessible architectural choice to clients. This future-proofs the construction of the New Zealand home.</p>

Prefabricated Futures: Adaptable and productive construction methods for New Zealand dwellings

<p>The traditional construction method of the New Zealand home has remained largely unchanged over the last century. These housing solutions that have supported our nation no longer suffice and the ‘young home owner’ is becoming a distant dream. New Zealand needs homes, and fast. Specialised trades create fragmentation in construction. This results in inefficient processes that divide the stages of constructing a home. What lacks in these instances is accessibility to design. Architects tend to focus on one-off, bespoke builds, whilst transportable home companies create generic, minimum spec designs. It can be argued that current prefabricated solutions are not complete, requiring sub-trades and work onsite that causes delays and construction related setbacks. Investigation into a key historic precedent has driven this research. This demonstrates that attempts have been made to change the housing model in New Zealand with some success. The precedent aligns with past notions in considering core parts of the home as products. This can create efficiencies in construction. The current demand for housing provides the perfect opportunity to reboot the method in which we build. This thesis questions how offsite panel assemblies can create a complete prefabricated housing product and improve construction efficiencies. This will still offer architectural choice. BIM (Building Information Modelling) and parameter driven design are used as a vehicle to demonstrate how more efficient, more collaborative and more controlled design approaches can be developed in order to create a complete construction package. Design-led research involving constant scale model testing and development led to my prefabricated wall panel design. Named the LapLock panel, I have developed a complete wall, floor and roof panel product system. Designed to be fully fabricated from structure to claddings and services in factory. This produces ruthless efficiencies onsite. The work utilises BIM in the form of Revit and takes advantage of parameter driven families to allow for fast manipulation and output of drawings for panels. A constant conversation between analogue and digital tools (in the form of physical scale models and Revit) strengthened the understandings of the limitations throughout the research. This thesis offers a new way of considering how New Zealand builds homes. By introducing adaptable and efficient panels that are complete on arrival to site, the Laplock solution provides accessible architectural choice to clients. This future-proofs the construction of the New Zealand home.</p>

Evidence-Informed Deliberative Processes for Health Benefit Package Design – Part II: A Practical Guide

Background. Countries around the world are using health technology assessment (HTA) for health benefit package design. Evidence-informed deliberative processes (EDPs) are a practical and stepwise approach to enhance legitimate health benefit package design based on deliberation between stakeholders to identify, reflect and learn about the meaning and importance of values, informed by evidence on these values. This paper reports on the development of practical guidance on EDPs, while the conceptual framework of EDPs is described in a companion paper. Methods. The first guide on EDPs (2019) is further developed based on academic knowledge exchange, surveying 27 HTA bodies and 66 experts around the globe, and the implementation of EDPs in several countries. We present the revised steps of EDPs and how selected HTA bodies (in Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Scotland, Thailand and the United Kingdom) organize key issues of legitimacy in their processes. This is based on a review of literature via PubMed and HTA bodies’ websites. Results. HTA bodies around the globe vary considerable in how they address legitimacy (stakeholder involvement ideally through participation with deliberation; evidence-informed evaluation; transparency; and appeal) in their processes. While there is increased attention for improving legitimacy in decision-making processes, we found that the selected HTA bodies are still lacking or just starting to develop activities in this area. We provide recommendations on how HTA bodies can improve on this. Conclusion. The design and implementation of EDPs is in its infancy. We call for a systematic analysis of experiences of a variety of countries, from which general principles on EDPs might subsequently be inferred.

Evidence-Informed Deliberative Processes for Legitimate Health Benefit Package Design − Part I: Conceptual Framework

Background. Countries around the world are increasingly rethinking the design of their health benefit packages to achieve universal health coverage and health technology assessment (HTA) bodies support governments in these decisions. Coverage decision-making is an intrinsically complex and value-laden political process, but value frameworks currently employed by HTA bodies do not sufficiently account for this complex reality. Methods. Several years ago, evidence-informed deliberative processes (EDPs) were developed to address this issue. An EDP is a practical and stepwise approach for HTA bodies to enhance legitimate health benefit package design based on deliberation between stakeholders to identify, reflect and learn about the meaning and importance of values, and to interpret available evidence on these values. We further developed the conceptual framework and initial 2019 guidance based on academic knowledge exchange, analysing practices of HTA bodies, surveying HTA bodies and experts around the globe, and implementation of EDPs in several countries around the world. Results. EDPs stem from the general concept of legitimacy, which is translated into four elements – stakeholder involvement ideally operationalised through stakeholder participation with deliberation; evidence-informed evaluation; transparency; and appeal. The 2021 practical guidance distinguishes six practical steps of a HTA process and provides recommendations on how these elements can be implemented in each of these steps. Conclusion. There is an increased attention for legitimacy, deliberative processes for HTA and health benefit package design, but the development of theories and methods for such processes remain behind. The added value of EDPs lies in the operationalisation of the general concept of legitimacy into practical guidance for HTA bodies.