Pressure Distributions in a Single and Two Versions of a Double Volute of a Centrifugal Pump
Pressure measurements were recorded around the impeller and along the casing wall of a centrifugal pump, 0.60 (1583 US units) specific speed, assembled with a single volute/single discharge, and two versions of a double volute/single discharge. The latter comprised a splitter positioned in the second half of the discharge (i) midway between the impeller and casing, and (ii) along a spiral symmetric to the first–half casing section. The objective of such double volute casings is to reduce forces on the impeller and thus provide longer lives. Flow rates tested ranged from 20% to 105% of design. A repeated pattern consisted of pressure increasing from the first cutwater to the splitter leading edge at which the pressure drops and thereafter increases to the discharge. This pattern was noted at all flow rates with the symmetric volute geometry and only at flow rates higher than 60% for the centered splitter. By integration of the pressures static forces were found. Time averaged static forces ranged from 6.2 N at design to 33.0 N at 20% flow for the single volute. Both double volute configurations showed considerable thrust reduction throughout but for a few exceptions. Reductions ranged from 26% at 30% flow to 62% at 90% flow for the center splitter, and from 52% reduction at 20% flow to 72% at 80% flow for the symmetric splitter. For comparison of performance of the different configurations, at flow rates above 85% of design the head was 8% and 9% less for the double volutes than for the single volutes. At flows below 40% of design the head was 3% and 4% higher for the double volutes than for the single volute.