scholarly journals Mars™ SoLoNOx Combustion System CFD Modeling

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew E. Thomas ◽  
Mark J. Ostrander ◽  
Andy D. Leonard ◽  
Mel Noble ◽  
Colin Etheridge
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
System Development ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Design Environment ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Combustion Modeling ◽  
Premix Combustion ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

CFD analysis methods were successfully implemented and verified with ongoing industrial gas turbine engine lean premix combustion system development. Selected aspects of diffusion and lean premix combustion modeling, predictions, observations and validated CFD results associated with the Solar Turbines Mars™ SoLoNOx combustor are presented. CO and NOx emission formation modeling details applicable to parametric CFD analysis in an industrial design environment are discussed. This effort culminated in identifying phenomena and methods of potentially further reducing NOx and CO emissions while improving engine operability in the Mars™ SoLoNOx combustion system. A potential explanation for the abrupt rise in CO formation observed in many gas turbine lean premix combustion systems is presented.

Ongoing Development of a Low Emission Industrial Gas Turbine Combustion Chamber

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-554
Author(s):  
V. M. Sood ◽  
J. R. Shekleton
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Emission Standards ◽  
Primary Zone ◽  
Premix Combustion ◽  
Fuel Staging ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

Experiments were performed in laboratory-and full-scale combustors to test the feasibility of meeting proposed EPA emission standards. It was found that by uniformly mixing gaseous fuel and primary zone air prior to combustion and burning fuel leanly (equivalence ratio <1.0), it was possible to meet the proposed emission standards in an industrial gas turbine. The characteristic narrow range of flame stability obtained with lean premix combustion necessitated the use of fuel staging or variable geometry to handle the operational range of the engine. Fuel staging was selected for its relative simplicity. Consequently, EPA proposed emission standards were met only over a narrow range covering the engine operation at and near the design point. Experiments on small scale models of various sizes operated with gaseous and liquid fuels showed that, contrary to expectation, NOx production from a lean premix combustion system is independent of the system pressure in the pressure range investigated (1 atm to 16 atm). The desirability of high combustor inlet temperature and pressure for premixing was indicated. Despite the complexities of premixing fuel and air, such a combustion system, in addition to meeting the proposed emission standards, offers advantages such as easing of combustor wall cooling problems, improved combustor exit temperature distribution, and freedom from exhaust and primary zone smoke.

scholarly journals CFD Assessment of a Wet, Low-NOx Combustion System for a 3MW-Class Industrial Gas Turbine

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Liever ◽  
Clifford E. Smith ◽  
Geoffrey D. Myers ◽  
Lorenzo Hernandez ◽  
Tim Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
Engine Emission ◽  
Combustion Turbulence ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

A wet low-NOx combustion system being developed for the AlliedSignal ASE40 industrial gas turbine is assessed using advanced 3-D CFD analysis. A PDF combustion-turbulence interaction model was modified to allow analysis of simultaneous injection of water with gaseous or liquid fuel. To the authors’ knowledge, such a CFD analysis is unique in the open literature. Analyses of the wet low-NOx combustion system were performed with and without water injection at full power engine conditions. Good qualitative agreement between engine emission data and predictions was seen. NOx reductions of 58% and 77% were measured for water-to-natural gas mass ratios of 0.5 and 1.0, respectively, compared to 75% and 93% for CFD calculations. Corresponding CO levels were measured to increase by factors of 3 and 9, compared to CFD predictions of 4 and 7. Similar trends were predicted for water injection with DF-2 diesel fuel. Predicted overall flow patterns were not significantly changed with water injection. NOx reductions were caused by a reduction in maximum flame temperatures in the primary and intermediate zones when water was injected. CO increases were caused by a reduction of CO oxidation downstream of the dilution zone (in the turn-around duct) due to lower gas temperatures with water injection.

Feasibility of Utilizing a Bio-Mass Derived Fuel for Industrial Gas Turbine Applications

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Andrews ◽  
P. C. Patnaik ◽  
J. W. Michniewicz ◽  
L. J. Jankowski ◽  
V. I. Romanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Test Vehicle ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Standard Operating ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

This paper describes a development program aimed at determining the technical feasibility of utilizing a bio-mass derived fuel in an industrial gas turbine engine. The fuel addressed is a flammable bio-fuel oil derived from wood waste through flash pyrolysis. The fuel has a heating value of approximately 18 MJ/kg, a density of 1.2 kg/l and specialized wet filtration techniques are used to minimize the particulate matter in the fuel. The turbine engine selected, as the test vehicle, is a 2.5 MW class-GT2500 engine designed and built by Mashproekt in the Ukraine. The standard operating conditions and layout of this engine provide flexibility in optimization of the combustion system to accept lower than conventional grade fuels. The characteristics of the fuel, the fuel handling system, and the considerations with respect to igniting and maintaining combustion with a fuel of this nature are discussed.

Futher Development of a 3000-HP Industrial Gas Turbine for Generator Drive Application

1972 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Croker ◽  
P. W. Pichel
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
System Development ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
The Past ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Asme Paper

This paper is a follow-up to ASME Paper 70-GT-9, “Development of a 3000-HP Industrial Gas Turbine Engine,” and covers further development accomplished during the past two years to adapt the engine to generator drive applications. Specific areas which are covered in detail include: (a) mechanical features of the single-shaft rotor and output drive system as distinct from the two-shaft design; (b) combustor and fuel injections system development for liquid (diesel) fuel and dual fuel capability; (c) fuel control system development; and (d) hydroelectric starting system.

Development of a Liquid-Fueled Dry Low Emissions Combustor for 300kW Class Recuperated Cycle Gas Turbine Engines

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Fujiwara ◽  
Masamichi Koyama ◽  
Shigeru Hayashi ◽  
Hideshi Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Gas Turbine Engine ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Distributed Power Generation ◽  
Lean Premixed ◽  
Unburned Hydrocarbons ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Generation Systems

The authors have developed a liquid-fueled, low-emissions, and single can combustor for the RGT3R, Niigata’s 300 kW class industrial gas turbine engine, with the goal of satisfying the most stringent environmental requirements for distributed power generation systems in Japan. This paper describes these development efforts, which included non-reacting Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis and component and engine tests. The emissions target is less than 24 ppm nitrogen oxides (NOx), 60 ppm carbon monoxide (CO) and 60 ppm unburned hydrocarbons (UHCs) at dry 15% O2 correction for kerosene, while operating above 50% load. A lean premixed, pre-vaporized, axially staged combustion concept is used to minimize emissions levels to the strictest emissions regulations in urban areas such as Tokyo, Chiba, Saitama, Yokohama, and Osaka. This combustion system involves two pilot burners and two main mixture injection tubes that are extending into the combustion chamber to inject lean to ultra-lean premixed mixtures into the hot burned gas from pilot burners. Counter rotational swirl vanes are provided to pilot burners and main mixture injection tubes to prevent flashback into the premixing tubes. The RGT3R gas turbine engine operates smoothly with the developed DLE combustion system from idle to full load without combustion-driven pressure oscillations. A two-stage fuel control system employs liquid fuel supply for the pilot and main atomizers. As this paper describes, the emissions data from this engine meet the emissions goals.

An Introduction to the Ansaldo GT36 Constant Pressure Sequential Combustor

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Pennell ◽  
Mirko R. Bothien ◽  
Andrea Ciani ◽  
Victor Granet ◽  
Ghislain Singla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Energy Market ◽  
Combustion System ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Fuel Flexibility ◽  
Temperature Ranges ◽  
System Robustness

This paper introduces and presents validation of the Constant Pressure Sequential Combustion system (denoted CPSC), a second generation concept developed for and applied to the new Ansaldo GT36 H-class gas turbine combustors. It has evolved from the well-established sequential burner technology applied to all current GT26 and GT24 gas turbines, and contains all architectural improvements implemented since original inception of this engine frame in 1994, with beneficial effects on the operation turndown, fuel flexibility, on the overall system robustness, and featuring the required aspects to stay competitive in the present day energy market. The applied air and fuel management therefore facilitate emission and dynamics control at both the extremely high and low firing temperature ranges required for existing and future Ansaldo gas turbine engine classes.

scholarly journals Industrial Gas Turbine Engine Catalytic Pilot Combustor-Prototype Testing

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahrokh Etemad ◽  
Benjamin Baird ◽  
Sandeep Alavandi ◽  
William Pfefferle
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine Engine ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Prototype Testing
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