Building Three-Dimensional Computer Graphics Surface Models for Anatomy Education

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Alciatore ◽  
Rick Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
State University ◽  
Anatomy Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Interactive Teaching ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Key Steps

Abstract This paper describes an approach to generating three-dimensional computer graphics images of gross anatomical structures. These images are used in an interactive teaching aid which is currently being developed by the Colorado State University Vesalius Project. Key steps in the generation of these images include acquisition of appropriate anatomical data, the generation of parallel cross-sectional contours, and the creating of rendered surface models of the anatomy by triangulating between these contours. The algorithms involved with these steps are described and several resulting images are presented here. The interactive Hypertext educational system being developed around these images is also briefly discussed.

Computer Graphics Modeling of Anatomy: From 2D Data Acquisition to 3D Sculpting

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Alciatore
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Polygonal Mesh ◽  
3D Surface ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
2D Data ◽  
Human Thorax ◽  
Key Steps

Abstract This paper describes a process which is used to generate three-dimensional computer graphics surface models of gross anatomical structures. Key steps in the generation of these models include acquiring 2D cross-sectional data from macrocryotome slicing, generating 2D cross section contours from edge detection and region segmentation, generating a polygonal mesh surface model by triangulating between the 2D contours, and interactive sculpting of the 3D surface for editing and changing the appearance of the model. The algorithms and development involved with these steps are briefly described here and several images resulting from the process are presented. The main purpose of the paper is not to present the details of implementation of the various algorithms, but rather to present the overall methodology and illustrate the results. Implementation details can be found in other papers referenced here. The most recent results of our efforts, which are presented here, are 3D surface models of the complete human thorax. These models have numerous applications in anatomy and biomechanics visualization and teaching.

Use of 3-D Computer Graphics Simulation in a Capstone Mechanical Engineering Design Course

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Alciatore
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
State University ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
Senior Design ◽  
Design Projects ◽  
Capstone Design

Abstract This paper describes three-dimensional computer graphics simulation (CGS) and how it can be applied as a useful tool in a capstone design course in Mechanical Engineering. The necessary hardware and software to perform CGS is also outlined. Three examples of senior design projects at Colorado State University which utilized 3-D CGS to help revise and verify their designs are also presented.

Variable Focus Three-Dimensional Laser Digitizing System

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Alciatore ◽  
Ronald M. Pasquini
Keyword(s):  
Focal Length ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Range Data ◽  
State University ◽  
Focus Laser ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
Variable Focus

Abstract This paper describes a new three-dimensional scanning technology which is being developed at Colorado State University. Unlike other laser-based scanners which use active or passive triangulation to obtain surface range data, the new variable focus laser digitizing system (VFLDS) uses the principles of optical focal length to measure surface range data. This system should represent a significant step forward in speed and simplicity over current laser-based single point digitizing systems while retaining all of their advantages. The goal of the initial research presented here is to produce preliminary results which will prove the viability of this new approach.

scholarly journals Synthesis of small molecule inhibitors for the treatment of disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hilary Mary Corkran
Keyword(s):  
Major Product ◽  
State University ◽  
Biological Testing ◽  
Growth Inhibition Assay ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Synthesis Methodology ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Mycobacterial Growth

<p>Three aspects of the protecting-group-free (PGF) synthesis of small molecules have been described in this thesis. In the first part, the PGF azasugar synthesis methodology was applied to 2-deoxy-D-glucose with the intention of selectively forming the six-membered azasugar 5-epi-fagomine. Surprisingly, four products were formed in the key I2-mediated carbamate annulation step, with a pyrrolidine being the major product after optimisation. This was formed in 15% yield. A mechanism that explains the formation of the four carbamates was proposed, which was supported by an investigation into related halocyclisation reactions.  The next part of this thesis describes the development of a new PGF methodology for the synthesis of conduramines, another class of biologically interesting molecules. Conduramines are amino polyhydroxy cyclohexenes and some conduramines have glycosidase inhibitory activity. These molecules are also useful precursors to a variety of biologically useful molecules including aminocyclitols and azasugars. The key steps in the PGF synthesis of conduramines are a Vasella-Barbier amination, a reaction that forms new C-C and C-N bonds concomitantly, and a ring closing metathesis in the presence of free hydroxyl and amine groups. To this end, a 4-deoxy 3-conduramine was prepared in just four steps and in 27% yield.  Finally, the preparation of an amine library and its biological testing for the identification of a new anti-tuberculosis drug is described. Two short syntheses were used to prepare alkenylamines and amines from the corresponding sugar, with various lipophilic groups attached to the amine. A 20-member amine library was prepared, and the compounds were tested for anti-mycobacterial activity in a mycobacterial growth inhibition assay. The most active compounds were subjected to further biological testing to determine their general cytotoxic properties. Two amines, arabinohexadecylamine and arabinohexadecylmethylamine, were identified as having the best potential for use as anti-tuberculosis drugs, and have been sent to Colorado State University for subsequent in vivo testing in a mouse model of tuberculosis.</p>

scholarly journals Synthesis of small molecule inhibitors for the treatment of disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hilary Mary Corkran
Keyword(s):  
Major Product ◽  
State University ◽  
Biological Testing ◽  
Growth Inhibition Assay ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Synthesis Methodology ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Mycobacterial Growth

<p>Three aspects of the protecting-group-free (PGF) synthesis of small molecules have been described in this thesis. In the first part, the PGF azasugar synthesis methodology was applied to 2-deoxy-D-glucose with the intention of selectively forming the six-membered azasugar 5-epi-fagomine. Surprisingly, four products were formed in the key I2-mediated carbamate annulation step, with a pyrrolidine being the major product after optimisation. This was formed in 15% yield. A mechanism that explains the formation of the four carbamates was proposed, which was supported by an investigation into related halocyclisation reactions.  The next part of this thesis describes the development of a new PGF methodology for the synthesis of conduramines, another class of biologically interesting molecules. Conduramines are amino polyhydroxy cyclohexenes and some conduramines have glycosidase inhibitory activity. These molecules are also useful precursors to a variety of biologically useful molecules including aminocyclitols and azasugars. The key steps in the PGF synthesis of conduramines are a Vasella-Barbier amination, a reaction that forms new C-C and C-N bonds concomitantly, and a ring closing metathesis in the presence of free hydroxyl and amine groups. To this end, a 4-deoxy 3-conduramine was prepared in just four steps and in 27% yield.  Finally, the preparation of an amine library and its biological testing for the identification of a new anti-tuberculosis drug is described. Two short syntheses were used to prepare alkenylamines and amines from the corresponding sugar, with various lipophilic groups attached to the amine. A 20-member amine library was prepared, and the compounds were tested for anti-mycobacterial activity in a mycobacterial growth inhibition assay. The most active compounds were subjected to further biological testing to determine their general cytotoxic properties. Two amines, arabinohexadecylamine and arabinohexadecylmethylamine, were identified as having the best potential for use as anti-tuberculosis drugs, and have been sent to Colorado State University for subsequent in vivo testing in a mouse model of tuberculosis.</p>

scholarly journals Investigation of Falsely Reported Resistance of Streptococcus Equi Subsp. Zooepidemicus Isolates from Horses to Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darien J. Feary ◽  
Doreene Hyatt ◽  
Josie Traub-Dargatz ◽  
Susan Roach ◽  
Robert L. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
State University ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Streptococcus Equi

The objective of this study was to investigate the perceived increase in resistance of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus ( S. zooepidemicus) isolated from the lower respiratory tract of horses to trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (SXT). The recorded SXT-susceptibility results of 50 S. zooepidemicus isolates from the tracheal wash fluid of equine patients examined at Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital from each of 2 time periods (1987–1990 and 1997–2001) were compared and statistically analyzed using a cross-sectional study design. There was a statistically significant difference between the documented resistance of S. zooepidemicus isolated in the 1987–1990 time period (8%), using quantitative microbroth dilution, and the resistance reported for isolates from the 1997–2001 time period (42%), using Kirby–Bauer agar disk diffusion. Laboratory investigation revealed inadequate quality control of media and subsequent falsely reported resistance of S. zooepidemicus from 1997 to 2001 time period. This study demonstrates how minor deviations from prescribed laboratory-testing guidelines can have a major effect on antimicrobial susceptibility test results. The study also underscores the need for regular surveillance and monitoring of trends in antimicrobial susceptibility to detect and correct such problems. In addition, epidemiologists and others collecting data from laboratories should be cautioned to interact with the laboratory regarding interpretation of results of various testing methods to ensure accurate analysis and conclusions.

Improved 3-D reconstruction using stereo computer graphics and multiple tilt EM images

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 630-631
Author(s):  
Lee D. Peachey ◽  
Lou Fodor ◽  
John C. Haselgrove ◽  
Stanley M. Dunn ◽  
Junqing Huang
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Transverse Section ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stereo Pair ◽  
3D Reconstructions ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Biological Objects ◽  
Microscope Images ◽  
High Performance Computer

Stereo pairs of electron microscope images provide valuable visual impressions of the three-dimensional nature of specimens, including biological objects. Beyond this one seeks quantitatively accurate models and measurements of the three dimensional positions and sizes of structures in the specimen. In our laboratory, we have sought to combine high resolution video cameras with high performance computer graphics systems to improve both the ease of building 3D reconstructions and the accuracy of 3D measurements, by using multiple tilt images of the same specimen tilted over a wider range of angles than can be viewed stereoscopically. Ultimately we also wish to automate the reconstruction and measurement process, and have initiated work in that direction.Figure 1 is a stereo pair of 400 kV images from a 1 micrometer thick transverse section of frog skeletal muscle stained with the Golgi stain. This stain selectively increases the density of the transverse tubular network in these muscle cells, and it is this network that we reconstruct in this example.

A MODEL FOR DEVELOPING HIGH-QUALITY ONLINE COURSES: INTEGRATING A SYSTEMS APPROACH WITH LEARNING THEORY

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Jean Puzziferro ◽  
Kaye Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Process Models ◽  
State University ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
Online Instructional Design ◽  
Online Course Development

As the demand for online education continues to increase, institutions are faced with developing process models for efficient, high-quality online course development. This paper describes a systems, team-based, approach that centers on an online instructional design theory (Active Mastery Learning) implemented at Colorado State University-Global Campus.

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