CIM Dictionaries: An Evolutionary Approach to CIM Data Integration

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe Weissflog
Keyword(s):  
Data Integration ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Heterogeneous Environments ◽  
Semantic Data ◽  
Application Systems ◽  
Homogeneous Set ◽  
Semantic Data Model ◽  
Additional Service ◽  
Product Definition

Abstract This paper provides an overview of methods and ideas to achieve data integration in CIM. It describes a dictionary approach allowing participating applications to define their common constructs gradually as an additional service across application systems. Because of the importance of product definition data, the role of PDES/STEP as part of this dictionary approach is also described. The technical concepts of the dictionary, such as schema mapping, semantic data model, user methods and the required additions within participating applications are explained. Problems related to data integrity, data redundancy, performance and binding of dissimilar software components are discussed as well as the deficiencies related to today’s data modelling capabilities. The added value an active dictionary can provide to a CIM environment consisting of established applications in heterogeneous environments, where migration into one standardized homogeneous set of CIM applications is not likely, is also explained.

scholarly journals Dissecting the contribution of O-Antigen and proteins to the immunogenicity of Shigella sonnei generalized modules for membrane antigens (GMMA)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Mancini ◽  
Gianmarco Gasperini ◽  
Omar Rossi ◽  
Maria Grazia Aruta ◽  
Maria Michelina Raso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protective Immunity ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Shigella Sonnei ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Protein Antigens ◽  
Outer Membranes ◽  
O Antigen ◽  
Membrane Antigens ◽  
Specific Igg

AbstractGMMA are exosomes released from engineered Gram-negative bacteria resembling the composition of outer membranes. We applied the GMMA technology for the development of an O-Antigen (OAg) based vaccine against Shigella sonnei, the most epidemiologically relevant cause of shigellosis. S. sonnei OAg has been identified as a key antigen for protective immunity, and GMMA are able to induce anti-OAg-specific IgG response in animal models and healthy adults. The contribution of protein-specific antibodies induced upon vaccination with GMMA has never been fully elucidated. Anti-protein antibodies are induced in mice upon immunization with either OAg-negative and OAg-positive GMMA. Here we demonstrated that OAg chains shield the bacteria from anti-protein antibody binding and therefore anti-OAg antibodies were the main drivers of bactericidal activity against OAg-positive bacteria. Interestingly, antibodies that are not targeting the OAg are functional against OAg-negative bacteria. The immunodominant protein antigens were identified by proteomic analysis. Our study confirms a critical role of the OAg on the immune response induced by S. sonnei GMMA. However, little is known about OAg length and density regulation during infection and, therefore, protein exposure. Hence, the presence of protein antigens on S. sonnei GMMA represents an added value for GMMA vaccines compared to other OAg-based formulations.

scholarly journals Assessing social preferences in reimbursement negotiations for new Pharmaceuticals in Oncology: an experimental design to analyse willingness to pay and willingness to accept

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik J. Wettstein ◽  
Stefan Boes
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Real World ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Patient Organisation ◽  
Patient Benefit

Abstract Background Price negotiations for specialty pharmaceuticals take place in a complex market setting. The determination of the added value of new treatments and the related societal willingness to pay are of increasing importance in policy reform debates. From a behavioural economics perspective, potential cognitive biases and other-regarding concerns affecting outcomes of reimbursement negotiations are of interest. An experimental setting to investigate social preferences in reimbursement negotiations for novel, oncology pharmaceuticals was used. Of interest were differences in social preferences caused by incremental changes of the patient outcome. Methods An online experiment was conducted in two separate runs (n = 202, n = 404) on the Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) platform. Populations were split into two (run one) and four (run two) equally sized treatment groups for hypothetical reimbursement decisions. Participants were randomly assigned to the role of a public price regulator for pharmaceuticals (buyer) or a representative of a pharmaceutical company (seller). In run two, role groups were further split into two different price magnitude framings (“real world” vs unconverted “real payoff” prices). Decisions had real monetary effects on other participants (in the role of premium payers or investors) and via charitable donations to a patient organisation (patient benefit). Results 56 (run one) and 59 (run two) percent of participants stated strictly monotone preferences for incremental patient benefit. The mean incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) against standard of care (SoC) was higher than the initial ICER of the SoC against no care. Regulators stated lower reservation prices in the “real world” prices group compared to their colleagues in the unconverted payoff group. No price group showed any reluctance to trade. Overall, regulators rated the relevance of the patient for their decision higher and the relevance of their own role lower compared to sellers. Conclusions The price magnitude of current oncology treatments affects stated preferences for incremental survival, and assigned responsibilities lead to different opinions on the relevance of affected stakeholders. The design is useful to further assess effects of reimbursement negotiations on societal outcomes like affordability (cost) or availability (access) of new pharmaceuticals and test behavioural policy interventions.

Designing an Engineering Database for Telephone Networks

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott G. Danielson
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Database Modeling ◽  
Telephone Networks ◽  
Semantic Data ◽  
Engineering Data ◽  
Engineering Database ◽  
Engineering Work ◽  
Entity Relationship ◽  
Semantic Data Model

Abstract An engineering database modeling telephone outside plant networks is developed. Semantic and relational database design methodologies are used with the semantic data model developed based on an extended entity-relationship approach. This logical model is used to generate a normalized relational data structure. This database holds engineering data supporting engineering analyses, engineering work order generation procedures, and network planning activities. The database has been linked to separate network analysis programs and CAD-based network maps by a database application.

Erasmus Skills

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Development ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
New Host ◽  
International Context ◽  
Host Culture ◽  
Sources Of Support ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Sources

Students participating in mobility experiences need to constantly adapt to new circumstances, not only during the experience itself, but also before leaving and after returning to their home country. They change their lifestyle, get acquainted with other cultural forms and, in some cases, they even change habits and attitudes to adapt to the new host culture. In this scenario, the different sources of support for students are of great added-value, e.g. family, friends, classmates, as well as the receiving institution – higher education institutions (HEIs) in our case. The supporting role of HEIs in the process of sending students abroad could go beyond the administrative dimension of it. A way of doing that is by offering a provision of support services on the acknowledgment and maximisation of their learning process and acquired competences (understood as a combination of knowledge, skills and attitudes – see Boyatzis, 1982; or Council of Europe, 2018) gained during their adaptation to a new international context. In this way, HEIs could increase the impact of such mobility experiences on students’ professional and personal development.

The mediating role of autonomy in the effect of pro-innovation climate and supervisor supportiveness on innovative behavior of nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betül Sönmez ◽  
Aytolan Yıldırım
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Innovative Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Innovation Climate

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test the mediating role of autonomy in the effect of a pro-innovation organizational climate and supervisor supportiveness (SS) on the innovative behavior (IB) of nurses.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of this cross-sectional, correlational study consisted of 332 nurses, who were selected, on the basis of the convenience sampling method, from among the nurses working at two public university hospitals in Istanbul. The data of the study were collected between February and May of 2015. Descriptive analysis and linear regression analysis were used for data analysis, and the bootstrapping method was applied to test the significance of the mediating role.FindingsThe model used for examining the mediating role of autonomy was found to be statistically significant, as it explained 36 percent of the variance of IB. When the significance of the mediating role was tested, its effect on both innovation climate and SS was observed to be significant.Originality/valueThe obtained results indicated that a pro-innovation organizational climate and SS functioned as premises for autonomy. In turn, the rise in autonomy level that served to innovative climate and SS increased the IB of the nurses through boosting their autonomy level. From these results, it can be argued that nurses with a high level of professional autonomy can create innovative outputs and provide added value through the IB they practice in providing patient care and general health services.

Practicing DNPs’ Perceptions of the DNP

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamella Stoeckel ◽  
Cheryl Kruschke
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Doctor Of Nursing Practice ◽  
Educational Preparation ◽  
Practice Nurses ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Insight Into

This qualitative key informant study examined the emerging role of the doctor of nursing practice (DNP) degree to fill a gap in health care in the United States. Although the DNP degree was proposed to bring added value to the health care system, it is new with little research to confirm the assumption. This research addressed this need by phone interviews of 12 practicing DNPs in the United States. Questions asked of the participants focused on differences in role/practice as a DNP and challenges faced. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and responses coded for themes. Five broad categories with relational themes emerged from the data of DNPs perceptions of their practices. The categories included educational preparation, practice settings, role acceptance, leadership, and challenges. The results of this study provide insight into the perceptions of practicing DNPs experiencing adjustment to practice as a DNP. These perceptions aid other DNPs and educators in preparing advance practice nurses for the future.

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