An Approach on Fluid-Structure Interaction for Hemodynamics of Carotid Arteries

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hyuk Lee ◽  
Seongwon Kang ◽  
Nahmkeon Hur
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Blood Rheology ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction

In the present study, a problem of the hemodynamic fluid-structure interaction (FSI) in the carotid artery was analyzed using a numerical approach. To predict the blood flow and arterial deformation, a framework for the FSI analysis was developed by coupling computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and solid mechanics (CSM) approaches. Using this framework, the hemodynamics of the carotid artery was simulated with the patient-specific clinical data of the arterial geometry, pulsatile blood flow and blood rheology. It is found that the hemodynamic characteristics of the carotid artery are significantly affected by its geometric factors and flow conditions, and relatively low values of the wall shear stress were observed in the post-plaque dilated region of the carotid bifurcated area. Since these characteristics of the carotid artery are affected by the cerebral circulation system, the effects of the cardiac output and the distal vascular resistance on hemodynamics were also analyzed.

scholarly journals Image-Guided Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulation of Transvalvular Hemodynamics: Quantifying the Effects of Varying Aortic Valve Leaflet Thickness

Fluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anvar Gilmanov ◽  
Alexander Barker ◽  
Henryk Stolarski ◽  
Fotis Sotiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Aortic Valve ◽  
Heart Valve ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Orifice Area ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction

When flow-induced forces are altered at the blood vessel, maladaptive remodeling can occur. One reason such remodeling may occur has to do with the abnormal functioning of the aortic heart valve due to disease, calcification, injury, or an improperly-designed prosthetic valve, which restricts the opening of the valve leaflets and drastically alters the hemodynamics in the ascending aorta. While the specifics underlying the fundamental mechanisms leading to changes in heart valve function may differ from one cause to another, one common and important change is in leaflet stiffness and/or mass. Here, we examine the link between valve stiffness and mass and the hemodynamic environment in aorta by coupling magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with high-resolution fluid–structure interaction (FSI) computational fluid dynamics to simulate blood flow in a patient-specific model. The thoracic aorta and a native aortic valve were re-constructed in the FSI model from the MRI data and used for the simulations. The effect of valve stiffness and mass is parametrically investigated by varying the thickness (h) of the leaflets (h = 0.6, 2, 4 mm). The FSI simulations were designed to investigate systematically progressively higher levels of valve stiffness by increasing valve thickness and quantifying hemodynamic parameters known to be linked to aortopathy and valve disease. The computed results reveal dramatic differences in all hemodynamic parameters: (1) the geometric orifice area (GOA), (2) the maximum velocity V max of the jet passing through the aortic orifice area, (3) the rate of energy dissipation E ˙ diss ( t ) , (4) the total loss of energy E diss , (5) the kinetic energy of the blood flow E kin ( t ) , and (6) the average magnitude of vorticity Ω a ( t ) , illustrating the change in hemodynamics that occur due to the presence of aortic valve stenosis.

Investigation of two-way fluid-structure interaction of blood flow in a patient-specific left coronary artery

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Abdulgaphur Athani ◽  
N.N.N. Ghazali ◽  
Irfan Anjum Badruddin ◽  
Sarfaraz Kamangar ◽  
Ali E. Anqi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Wall Shear Stress ◽  
Left Coronary Artery ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction

BACKGROUND: The blood flow in the human artery has been a subject of sincere interest due to its prime importance linked with human health. The hemodynamic study has revealed an essential aspect of blood flow that eventually proved to be paramount to make a correct decision to treat patients suffering from cardiac disease. OBJECTIVE: The current study aims to elucidate the two-way fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis of the blood flow and the effect of stenosis on hemodynamic parameters. METHODS: A patient-specific 3D model of the left coronary artery was constructed based on computed tomography (CT) images. The blood is assumed to be incompressible, homogenous, and behaves as Non-Newtonian, while the artery is considered as a nonlinear elastic, anisotropic, and incompressible material. Pulsatile flow conditions were applied at the boundary. Two-way coupled FSI modeling approach was used between fluid and solid domain. The hemodynamic parameters such as the pressure, velocity streamline, and wall shear stress were analyzed in the fluid domain and the solid domain deformation. RESULTS: The simulated results reveal that pressure drop exists in the vicinity of stenosis and a recirculation region after the stenosis. It was noted that stenosis leads to high wall stress. The results also demonstrate an overestimation of wall shear stress and velocity in the rigid wall CFD model compared to the FSI model.

scholarly journals Computational Investigation of the Stability of Stenotic Carotid Artery under Pulsatile Blood Flow Using a Fluid-Structure Interaction Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 2050110
Author(s):  
Amirhosein Manzoori ◽  
Famida Fallah ◽  
Mohammadali Sharzehee ◽  
Sina Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Circumferential Stress ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Pulsatile Blood Flow ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
The Stability

Stenosis can disrupt the normal pattern of blood flow and make the artery more susceptible to buckling which may cause arterial tortuosity. Although the stability simulations of the atherosclerotic arteries were conducted based on solid modeling and static internal pressure, the mechanical stability of stenotic artery under pulsatile blood flow remains unclear while pulsatile nature of blood flow makes the artery more critical for stresses and stability. In this study, the effect of stenosis on arterial stability under pulsatile blood flow was investigated. Fluid–structure interaction (FSI) simulations of artery stenosis under pulsatile flow were conducted. 3D idealized geometries of carotid artery stenosis with symmetric and asymmetric plaques along with different percentages of stenosis were created. It was observed that the stenosis percentage, symmetry/asymmetry of the plaque, and the stretch ratio can dramatically affect the buckling pressure. Buckling makes the plaques (especially in asymmetric ones) more likely to rupture due to increasing the stresses on it. The dominant stresses on plaques are the circumferential, axial and radial ones, respectively. Also, the highest shear stresses on the plaques were detected in [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] planes for the symmetric and asymmetric stenotic arteries, respectively. In addition, the maximum circumferential stress on the plaques was observed in the outer point of the buckled configuration for symmetric and asymmetric stenosis as well as at the ends of the asymmetric plaque. Furthermore, the artery buckling causes a large vortex flow at the downstream of the plaque. As a result, the conditions for the penetration of lipid particles and the formation of new plaques are provided.

scholarly journals Fluid-Structure Interaction in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Effect of Haematocrit

Fluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yorgos Stergiou ◽  
Athanasios Kanaris ◽  
Aikaterini Mouza ◽  
Spiros Paras
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

The Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is a local dilation of the abdominal aorta and it is a cause for serious concern because of the high mortality associated with its rupture. Consequently, the understanding of the phenomena related to the creation and the progression of an AAA is of crucial importance. In this work, the complicated interaction between the blood flow and the AAA wall is numerically examined using a fully coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) method. The study investigates the possible link between the dynamic behavior of an AAA and the blood viscosity variations attributed to the haematocrit value, while it also incorporates the pulsatile blood flow, the non-Newtonian behavior of blood and the hyperelasticity of the arterial wall. It was found that blood viscosity has no significant effect on von Mises stress magnitude and distribution, whereas there is a close relation between the haematocrit value and the Wall Shear Stress (WSS) magnitude in AAAs. This WSS variation can possibly alter the mechanical properties of the arterial wall and increase its growth rate or even its rupture possibility. The relationship between haematocrit and dynamic behavior of an AAA can be helpful in designing a patient specific treatment.

Blood Flow Dynamic and Fluid-Structure Interaction in Patient-Specific Circle of Willis

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yuan ◽  
Zhen Chen ◽  
Guangyu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Circle Of Willis ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Anterior Communicating Artery ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction

Over 50% stroke is related to the cerebral artery stenosis. The most common position is in the Circle of Willis (CoW), which is composed of a single anterior communicating artery (ACoA), paired anterior cerebral arteries (ACA), paired middle cerebral arteries (MCA), internal carotid arteries (ICA), posterior communicating arteries (PCoA) and posterior cerebral arteries (PCA). Detailed knowledge of the cerebral hemodynamics is important for a variety of clinical applications [1]. There has been a significant body of research performed on blood flow in the CoW [1,2] treating the cerebral vasculature as a 2D structure. To obtain more accurate hemodynamic results, 3D models should be considered. Studies have been performed on 3D models of the CoW generated from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data [3,4]. However, those 3D models neglected the effects of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) between the vessel wall and blood. In this paper, a patient-specific model of CoW from CT scan data was reconstructed and FLUENT 6.1 was used to simulate the blood flow in the CoW. On a special part of CoW, a 3D FSI model for the arteries was introduced to investigate both flow and structure behaviors, as well as their interaction by ADINA 8.3.

scholarly journals Fluid-Structure Interaction in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Effect of Haematocrit

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yorgos G. Stergiou ◽  
Athanasios G. Kanaris ◽  
Aikaterini A. Mouza ◽  
Spiros V. Paras
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Dynamic Behaviour ◽  
Fluid Structure Interaction ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Fluid Structure ◽  
Structure Interaction ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

The Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is a local dilation of the abdominal aorta and it is a cause for serious concern because of the high mortality associated with its rupture. Consequently, the understanding of the phenomena related to the creation and the progression of an AAA is of crucial importance. In this work the complicated interaction between the blood flow and the AAA wall is numerically examined using a fully coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) method. The study investigates the possible link between the dynamic behaviour of an AAA and the blood viscosity variations attributed to the haematocrit value, while it also incorporates the pulsatile blood flow, the non-Newtonian behaviour of blood and the hyperelasticity of the arterial wall. It was found that blood viscosity has no significant effect on von Mises stress magnitude and distribution, whereas there is a close relation between the haematocrit value and the Wall Shear Stress (WSS) magnitude in AAAs. This WSS variation can possibly alter the mechanical properties of the arterial wall and increase its growth rate or even its rupture possibility. The relationship between haematocrit and dynamic behaviour of an AAA can be helpful in designing a patient specific treatment.

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