A Method to Evaluate the Heat Exchanger Retrofit for Industrial Gas Turbines Based on Technical and Economic Perspective

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waleed Al-Busaidi ◽  
Pericles Pilidis
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Economic Perspective ◽  
Tubular Heat Exchanger ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

One way to enhance the thermal efficiency of simple gas turbines cycle is by using recuperation to recover some of the exhaust heat. Therefore, this study aims to introduce a new integrated approach to evaluate the techno-economic value of recuperator retrofit on existing industrial gas turbines. The original engines are designed for combined cycles so that the pressure ratios are moderate to secure suitable exhaust temperatures. The developed model is described and implemented for two gas turbines, and the obtained characteristics are evaluated against the actual data. This approach will help the users to select the suitable gas turbine models with favorable recuperator characteristics based on a technical and economic perspective. Besides, the performance results are used to select the optimum thermodynamic and geometrical characteristics of TEMA tubular heat exchanger so that the generated design alternatives are optimized using multi-decision process principle in order to ensure the highest techno-economic value. One of the unique features of the new method is that it depends only on the velocity of recuperator streams to derive the rest of the heat exchanger design and performance characteristics. Moreover, this paper includes a sensitivity study to investigate the effects of power setting, utilization factor and operation availability on the selected recuperator features.

scholarly journals Generating axial compressor maps to zero speed

2020 ◽  
pp. 095765092097605
Author(s):  
Luis E Ferrer-Vidal ◽  
Vassilios Pachidis ◽  
Richard J Tunstall
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Axial Compressor ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Performance Models ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Map Generation ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Aviation Engines

Gas turbine performance models typically rely on component maps to characterize engine component performance throughout the operational regime. For the sub-idle case, the lack of reliable rig test data or inability to run design codes far from design conditions entails that component maps have to be generated from the extrapolation of existing data at higher speeds. This undermines the accuracy of whole-engine sub-idle performance models, at times impacting engine development and certification of aviation engines and the accuracy of start-up performance prediction in industrial gas turbines. One of the main components driving this issue is the core compression system, which can present operability concerns during light-up and which also sets the combustor airflow required for ignition. This paper presents, discusses, and draws on previous approaches to describe a method enabling the creation of sub-idle compressor maps from analytical and physical grounds. The method relies on the calculation of zero-speed and torque-free lines to generate a map down to zero speed along with analytical interpolation. A method for the interpolation process is described. A sensitivity study is carried out to assess the effects that different elements of the map generation process may have on the accuracy of the resulting performance calculation. Overall, a method for the generation of accurate, consistent maps from limited geometry data is identified.

The Role of the Ceramic Heat Exchanger in Energy and Resource Conservation

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
The Future

The approaching era of strict energy conservation and eventual energy shortage will have a profound effect on the design of process and power-producing plants, since in the future maximum fuel utilization efficiency will be of the essence. The intrinsic economic worth of industrial reject and exhaust heat is too great to merely discharge to the environment, and means of utilizing this energy by improved process efficiency, or by cogeneration, must be quickly brought to the commercial stage. For future power conversion systems, and in particular open- and closed-cycle gas turbines, emphasis will be placed on maximizing efficiency, and in many cases this can be achieved only by significant increases in operating temperatures. For future gas turbines, process heat plants, chemical plants, basic industries, and waste heat recovery applications, the high level of reject temperature will necessitate the utilization of ceramic heat exchangers for thermal energy recovery. In this paper, current development activities in the field of ceramic heat exchangers for gas turbine applications are discussed, and it is projected that the encouraging results from these programs will stimulate a broader interest in high-temperature waste heat energy recovery. The future role the ceramic heat exchanger will play in energy recovery for different industrial applications is emphasized, and appropriate heat exchanger design criteria, types of construction, surface geometries, and development activities are briefly discussed.

Externally Fired Evaporative Gas Turbine With a Condensing Heat Exchanger

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyue Yan ◽  
Lars Eidensten ◽  
Gunnar Svedberg
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Moisture Content ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Exhaust Heat ◽  
Condensing Heat Exchanger ◽  
New System ◽  
Turbine Exhaust

The integration of externally fired gas turbines and evaporative gas turbines (e.g., the HAT cycle) can offer the features from both systems: using solid fuel without requiring particulate clean up to protect the gas turbine path, and having the potential to enhance the power output and increase the efficiency without including a bottoming steam turbine. Exhaust gases from externally fired evaporative gas turbines have a high moisture content. Using a condensing heat exchanger makes it possible to recover more exhaust heat, thereby providing more potential for improving the system performance. This paper presents a new system with integration of a condensing heat exchanger in an externally fired evaporative gas turbine. The first and second laws of thermodynamics have been used to analyze the system. This study extends the overall knowledge on the externally fired evaporative gas turbine system and provides an investigation of the system with a condensing heat exchanger.

Heating a Granular Bed by a Tubular Heat Exchanger

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 1486-1495
Author(s):  
E. A. Pitsukha ◽  
Yu. S. Teplitskii ◽  
A. R. Roslik ◽  
É. K. Buchilko
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Granular Bed ◽  
Tubular Heat Exchanger

Fuel System Suitability Considerations for Industrial Gas Turbines

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Elliott ◽  
R. Kurz ◽  
C. Etheridge ◽  
J. P. O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Industrial Gas Turbines allow operation with a wide variety of gaseous and liquid fuels. To determine the suitability for operation with a gas fuel system, various physical parameters of the proposed fuel need to be determined: heating value, dew point, Joule-Thompson coefficient, Wobbe Index, and others. This paper describes an approach to provide a consistent treatment for determining the above physical properties. Special focus is given to the problem of determining the dew point of the potential fuel gas at various pressure levels. A dew point calculation using appropriate equations of state is described, and results are presented. In particular the treatment of heavier hydrocarbons, and water is addressed and recommendations about the necessary data input are made. Since any fuel gas system causes pressure drops in the fuel gas, the temperature reduction due to the Joule-Thompson effect has to be considered and quantified. Suggestions about how to approach fuel suitability questions during the project development and construction phase, as well as in operation are made.

Deformation and Fracture Behaviors in the Freestanding APS-TBC - Effects of Process Parameters and Thermal Exposure

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 1935-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Yamazaki ◽  
T. Kinebuchi ◽  
H. Fukanuma ◽  
N. Ohno ◽  
K. Kaise
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Thermal Exposure ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Microstructural Investigation ◽  
Deformation And Fracture ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Tbc Systems

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), that reduce the temperature in the underlying substrate material, are an essential requirement for the hot section components of industrial gas turbines. Recently, in order to take full advantage of the potential of the TBC systems, experimental and analytical investigations in TBC systems have been performed. However there is a little information on the deformation behavior of the top coating. In addition, the effects of the thermal exposure and the process parameters on the mechanical properties of the top coating have never been clarified. From these backgrounds, the effects of the process variables in APS and the thermal exposure on the mechanical properties were investigated in order to optimize the APS process of top coatings. The experimental results indicated that the mechanical properties of the APS-TBC, i.e. the tensile strength and the elastic modulus, were significantly changed by the process variables and the long term thermal exposure. The microstructural investigation was also carried out and the relationship between the mechanical properties and the porosity was discussed.

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