Heavy-Duty Diesel Emissions, Fifty Years: 1960–2010

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Merrion
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Emissions ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Emission Regulations ◽  
Consent Decrees ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

Exhaust emissions from heavy-duty diesel engines have been legislated since the 1960’s and continue until 2010. Smoke emissions continue to be controlled but exhaust odor regulations were never promulgated. Gaseous emissions (oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons) were not regulated until 1973 and particulate matter first regulated in 1988. Emission regulations have been through several periods of cooperation between regulators and manufacturers but there have also been periods of conflict and lawsuits. The most recent issues are with the October 2002 requirements of the Consent Decrees signed by seven diesel engine manufacturers and USEPA/US DOJ/CARB. Also the 2007/2010 regulations are under review.

STUDI PENENTUAN KOMPOSISI OPTIMUM CAMPURAN BAHAN BAKAR BIODIESEL–PETRODIESEL

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soni S. Wirawan dkk
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Biodiesel Blend

Biodiesel is a viable substitute for petroleum-based diesel fuel. Its advantages are improved lubricity, higher cetane number and cleaner emission. Biodiesel and its blends with petroleum-based diesel fuel can be used in diesel engines without any signifi cant modifi cations to the engines. Data from the numerous research reports and test programs showed that as the percent of biodiesel in blends increases, emission of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM) all decrease, but the amount of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and fuel consumption is tend to increase. The most signifi cant hurdle for broader commercialization of biodiesel is its cost. In current fuel price policy in Indonesia (especially fuel for transportation), the higher percent of biodiesel in blend will increase the price of blends fuel. The objective of this study is to assess the optimum blends of biodiesel with petroleum-based diesel fuel from the technically and economically consideration. The study result recommends that 20% biodiesel blend with 80% petroleum-based diesel fuel (B20) is the optimum blend for unmodifi ed diesel engine uses.Keywords: biodiesel, emission, optimum, blend

Technology for Meeting the 1991 U.S.A. Exhaust Emission Regulations on Heavy Duty Diesel Engine

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazutoshi Mori ◽  
Hiroshi Kamikubo ◽  
Tohru Kawatani ◽  
Toshiji Obara ◽  
Izumi Fukano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Emission Regulations ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

Parametric Study of 2007 Standard Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Particulate Matter Sampling System

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuebin Wu ◽  
Nigel Clark ◽  
Daniel Carder ◽  
Gregory J. Thompson ◽  
Mridul Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

Impact of military JP-8 fuel on heavy-duty diesel engine performance and emissions

2007 ◽  
Vol 221 (8) ◽  
pp. 957-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Fernandes ◽  
J Fuschetto ◽  
Z Filipi ◽  
D Assanis ◽  
H McKee
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Economy ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel Engine ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel ◽  
Engine Performance And Emissions ◽  
The Impact

Investigating the impact of jet fuel on diesel engine performance and emissions is very important for military vehicles, due to the US Army Single Fuel Forward Policy mandating that deployed vehicles must refuel with aviation fuel JP-8. There is a known torque and fuel economy penalty associated with the operation of a diesel engine with JP-8 fuel, due to its lower density and viscosity. On the other hand, a few experimental studies have suggested that kerosene-based fuels have the potential for lowering exhaust emissions, especially particulate matter, compared to diesel fuel #2 (DF-2). However, studies so far have typically focused on quantifying the effects of simply replacing the regular DF-2 with JP-8, rather than fully investigating the reasons behind the observed differences. This research evaluates the effect of using JP-8 fuel in a heavy-duty diesel engine on fuel injection, combustion, performance, and emissions, and subsequently utilizes the obtained insight to propose changes to the engine calibration to mitigate the impact of the trade-offs. Experiments were carried out on a Detroit Diesel Corporation (DDC) S60 engine outfitted with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). The results indicate that torque and fuel economy of diesel fuel can be matched, without smoke or NO x penalty, by increasing the duration of injection to compensate for the lower fuel density. The lower cetane number of JP-8 caused an increased ignition delay and increased premixed combustion, and their cumulative effect led to relatively unchanged combustion phasing. Under almost all conditions, JP-8 led to lower NO x and particulate matter (PM) emissions and shifted the NO x-PM trade-off favourably.

Progress in Diesel Engine Emissions Control

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Khair
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
System Design ◽  
Diesel Emissions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Emissions Control ◽  
Engine Emissions ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Heavy Duty Diesel

A considerable amount of work was carried out in the mid-1980s to develop heavy-duty diesel engines that could meet limits on particulate emissions. These limits, although high by today’s standards, were considered very restrictive. Some manufacturers struggled to achieve the 0.6 g/bhp-h particulate matter limit with enough margin for production variabilities and to account for the deterioration factor. Significant progress was achieved in diesel emissions control through engine and fuel system design changes. This eventually made it possible to meet a particulate level of 0.25 g/bhp-h for 1991. The next target level for particulate emissions is 0.1 g/bhp-h for the 1994 heavy-duty engine. To meet the challenge, engine developers are not only considering engine and injection system design changes but also fuel improvements and exhaust aftertreatment. This paper includes a review of past and current strategies used to control emissions in the modern diesel engine.

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