Selective NOx Recirculation for Stationary Lean-Burn Natural Gas Engines

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chamila A. Tissera ◽  
Matt M. Swartz ◽  
Emre Tatli ◽  
Ramprabhu Vellaisamy ◽  
Nigel N. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
No Conversion ◽  
Natural Gas Engine ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
Conversion Rates

NOx control in a lean burn natural gas engine is typically achieved with appropriate management of air/fuel ratio and ignition timing. A novel approach for further reduction involves the capture of NOx by first adsorbing the NOx from the exhaust stream, followed by the periodic desorption of NOx from an aftertreatment medium. Then, by passing the desorbed NOx gas into the intake air stream and back through the engine, a percentage of the NOx will be converted to harmless gases during the combustion process. The objective of this paper is to report the NOx conversion phenomenon during a lean combustion process. The results of this testing will be used to develop an optimal system for the conversion of NOx with a NOx adsorber. A 1993 Cummins L10-G spark ignited natural gas engine was used to conduct the experiments. Commercially available nitric oxide (NO, 98.8% purity) was injected into the engine intake to mimic the NOx stream from the desorption process to obtain NO conversion rates at various steady-state engine operating points. The NO injection system was capable of injecting NO at varying flow rates and time intervals. NO was injected into the intake manifold for ten and twenty second periods, and the conversion rates were calculated. When the injected NO amount increased from 0.22 g/s to 1.2 g/s and engine loads varied from 200ft-lb to 400ft-lb at 800 RPM, the NO conversion rates increased from 5% to 47%. It was observed that the air/fuel ratio, injected NO quantity and the engine load greatly effected the NO conversion rates. It was also noted that engine speed had a negligible affect when the intake NO concentration was held constant.

The scavenging timing of pre-chamber on the performance of a natural gas engine

2020 ◽  
pp. 146808742096087
Author(s):  
Xue Yang ◽  
Yong Cheng ◽  
Pengcheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Maximum Pressure ◽  
Ignition Process ◽  
Main Chamber ◽  
Ignition Timing ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Natural Gas Engines ◽  
Natural Gas Engine

The pre-chamber ignition system scavenged with natural gas can effectively improve the in-cylinder combustion process and extend the lean-burn limit of natural gas engines. The scavenging process affects the flow field and fuel-air mixture concentration distribution in the pre-chamber and affects the combustion process in the pre-chamber as well as the ignition process in the main chamber. This has a significant influence on the performance of natural gas engines. It is supposed that the ratio of natural gas remaining in the mixture inside the pre-chamber at the ignition timing affects the combustion process in the pre-chamber. To verify this suppose, an independent injection system for injecting natural gas into the pre-chamber is designed and experiments are carried out on a single-cylinder natural gas engine. The ratio of natural gas remaining in the mixture inside the pre-chamber at the ignition timing is adjusted by changing the injection start angle of the scavenging process. The combustion process in the pre-chamber and the main chamber are analyzed using the in-cylinder pressures. The results indicate that, with the delay of the injection start angle, the ratio of natural gas remaining in the mixture inside the pre-chamber at the ignition timing increases, the combustion process in the pre-chamber is enhanced, the maximum pressure difference between two chambers increases and appears earlier. The energy of the hot jets and the penetration of the jets increase, which enhances the combustion process in the main chamber.

Experimental study of combustion strategy for jet ignition on a natural gas engine

2020 ◽  
pp. 146808742097775
Author(s):  
Ziqing Zhao ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Yunliang Qi ◽  
Kaiyuan Cai ◽  
Fubai Li
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Efficient Points ◽  
Lean Burn ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Natural Gas Engines ◽  
Natural Gas Engine ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
Lean Limit

To explore a suitable combustion strategy for natural gas engines using jet ignition, lean burn with air dilution, stoichiometric burn with EGR dilution and lean burn with EGR dilution were investigated in a single-cylinder natural gas engine, and the performances of two kinds of jet ignition technology, passive jet ignition (PJI) and active jet ignition (AJI), were compared. In the study of lean burn with air dilution strategy, the results showed that AJI could extend the lean limit of excess air ratio (λ) to 2.1, which was significantly higher than PJI’s 1.6. In addition, the highest indicated thermal efficiency (ITE) of AJI was shown 2% (in absolute value) more than that of PJI. Although a decrease of NOx emission was observed with increasing λ in the air dilution strategy, THC and CO emissions increased. Stoichiometric burn with EGR was proved to be less effective, which can only be applied in a limited operation range and had less flexibility. However, in contrast to the strategy of stoichiometric burn with EGR, the strategy of lean burn with EGR showed a much better applicability, and the highest ITE could achieve 45%, which was even higher than that of lean burn with air dilution. Compared with the most efficient points of lean burn with pure air dilution, the lean burn with EGR dilution could reduce 78% THC under IMEP = 1.2 MPa and 12% CO under IMEP = 0.4 MPa. From an overall view of the combustion and emission performances under both low and high loads, the optimum λ would be from 1.4 to 1.6 for the strategy of lean burn with EGR dilution.

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