Side Impact Pediatric Injury Studies

Author(s):  
Anthony Sances ◽  
John Harcourt ◽  
Srirangam Kumaresan

Abstract Side impact injury and intrusion has been studied for many decades. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) side impacts account for 30% of all fatalities and 34% of all serious injuries to passenger car occupants [1,2]. A discussion of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 214 on the impactor, impacted vehicle and occupant motion is reported [3].

Author(s):  
Subasish Das ◽  
Srinivas R. Geedipally ◽  
Karen Dixon ◽  
Xiaoduan Sun ◽  
Chaolun Ma

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration’s (NHTSA) guideline on state motor vehicle inspection programs recommends that states should maintain a vehicle safety inspection program to reduce the crash outcomes from the number of vehicles with existing or potential conditions. Some states have started to terminate the vehicle safety inspection program because of insufficient effectiveness measures, budget constraints, and modern safer automobiles. Despite the consensus that these periodic inspection programs improve vehicle condition and improve safety, research remains inconclusive about the effect of safety inspection programs on crash outcomes. There is little recent research on the relationship between vehicle safety inspection programs and whether these programs reduce crash rates or crash severities. According to the 2011–2016 Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) data, nearly 2.6% of fatal crashes happened as a result of the vehicle’s pre-existing manufacturing defects. NHTSA’s vehicle complaint database incorporates more than 1.4 million complaint reports. These reports contain extended information on vehicle-related disruptions. Around 5% of these reports involve some level of injury or fatalities. This study used these two databases to determine the effectiveness of vehicle inspection regulation programs in different states of the U.S. A statistical significance test was performed to determine the effectiveness of the vehicle safety inspection programs based on the states with and without safety inspection in place. This study concludes that there is a need for vehicle safety inspections to be continued for the reduction of vehicle complaints.


Author(s):  
James E. McIntyre

ABSTRACT In the late 1960s in the United States, public interest in motor vehicle safety was at an all-time high, resulting in the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act, the Highway Safety Act, and the creation of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Around 1970, a group of industry scientists saw a need for a forum for creation of useful tire standards and dissemination of scientific knowledge about tires. This led to the formation of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Committee F-09 on tires in 1971. In 1972, the committee began publication of the journal Tire Science & Technology (TSTCA), the first peer-reviewed journal dedicated exclusively to scientific articles on tires. In 1979, ASTM ceased publication of the journal, and in 1980, members of F-09 incorporated The Tire Society to continue publication. In 1982, The Tire Society held its first annual Conference on Tire Science and Technology. Nearly 40 years later, the society has been through many changes, but the journal, the annual conference, and the core mission of encouraging and disseminating knowledge about tire science and technology remain. Through a review of documents and interviews with members of the society, this article seeks to comprehensively document the history of The Tire Society.


PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 956-956
Author(s):  
William F. Rowley ◽  
Eugene Lariviere ◽  
Charles W. Dietrich

I would like to call your readers' attention to the effective date of the Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 213, Child Seating Systems, which is April 1, 1971.1 This ruling provides that child seating systems offered for sale have to meet specifications set by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Now, for the first time, a physician, who can and should recommend that parents of young children purchase restraining devices, can be assured that these devices will provide effective restraint.


Author(s):  
Donald S. Burke ◽  
Martha W. Bidez ◽  
Kathryn Mergl

According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) rollovers have a higher fatality rate than all other kinds of crash modes. Of the 6,159,287 police reported crashes in 2005 in the United States, only 4.1% involved a rollover. Yet, rollovers accounted for 34.4% (10,816) of all passenger vehicle fatalities and another 149,406 individuals sustained serious injuries in rollover crashes in 2005 [5].


Author(s):  
Donald S. Burke ◽  
Martha W. Bidez ◽  
Kathryn M. Mergl

In 2008, motor vehicle collisions resulted in 968 child occupant fatalities and 193,000 seriously injured children, ages 14 years old and younger, according to the most recent data provided by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) [1]. In fact, motor vehicle collisions are the leading cause of death for all children ages 3 to 14 years old living in the United States [1]. As children grow older they require size-appropriate restraint types to fit their body at each developmental level. For older children, booster seats are not a total solution for child safety as they are often dependent on the design of the vehicle seat belt system (2). Additionally, there is no federal standard that requires vehicle manufacturers to dynamically test the performance of child seats of any type in their vehicles.


1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Hackney ◽  
Michael W. Monk ◽  
William T. Hollowell ◽  
Lisa K. Sullivan ◽  
Donald T. Willke

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 708-708
Author(s):  

The following is a correction to the AAP Policy Statement entitled "Childen, Adolescents, and Advertising" that appeared in the February 1995 issue of Pediatrics (1995:95:295-297). Under the heading entitled Beer and Wine on page 296, the statistic should have read "In 1993, 3137 young people who were 16 to 24 years of age died in alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes." Also, on page 297, Reference 19 should be changed to the following: National Center for Statistics and Analysis. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Traffic Safety Facts 1993: A Compilation of Motor Vehicle Crash Data From the Fatal Accident Reporting System and the General Estimates System. Washington, DC: National Center for Statistics and Analysis; 1993. US Department of Transportation publication DOT HS 808 169.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Frye ◽  
Daphne Ko ◽  
Emilee Kotnik

There is a stark disparity in motor vehicle crash deaths and injuries between male and female drivers. Female drivers are 13% more likely to be killed than their male counterparts in similar motor accidents. However, vehicle safety test practices do not account for diverse body proportions when assessing safety outcomes. Vehicle crash testing standards only require testing of two variations of adult-sized crash test dummies: a 50th percentile male and a 5th percentile female. Automotive companies are not required to test safety outcomes in crash test model’s representative of average female proportions or of non-average body sizes and physiological compositions. Current crash test standards are regulated by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) under the US Department of Transportation. This memo proposes three actions for the NHTSA and the Department of Transportation to address disparities in vehicle safety outcomes: 1) update safety standard requirements to include a 50th percentile female crash test dummy, 2) implement a federal tax incentive program for companies to include a greater diversity of vehicle occupant models, and 3) allocate funds for research and development of virtual crash testing models. These proposed initiatives seek to raise the minimum safety requirements and prioritize wider representation of vehicle occupants to improve parity in vehicle safety outcomes.


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