Analysis and Feedback Control of Planar SOFC Systems for Fast Load Following in APU Applications

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Handa Xi ◽  
Jing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Loop System ◽  
System Response ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Load Following ◽  
Model Linearization

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) based Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) systems have many practical advantages given their high efficiency, low emissions and flexible fueling strategies. This paper focuses on model-based analysis and feedback control design for planar SOFC systems to achieve fast load following capability. A dynamic model is first developed for the integrated co-flow planar SOFC and CPOX (Catalytic Partial Oxidation) system aiming at APU applications. Simulation results illustrate that an open-loop system with optimal steady-state operating setpoints exhibits a slow transient power response when load increases. Feedback control is then explored to speed up the system response by controlling the flow rates of fuel and air supplies to the system. Model linearization, balanced truncation and Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) approaches are used to derive the low-order observer-based controller. With the feedback controller developed, we show, through simulations, that the closed-loop system can have faster load following capability. Different feedback strategies are also considered and their impacts on closed-loop system performance are analyzed.

Study on Mobile Robot Applied Mechanics Modeling and Motion Planning

2012 ◽  
Vol 252 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Xue Peng Liu ◽  
Dong Mei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Loop System ◽  
System Model ◽  
System Response ◽  
Applied Mechanics ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Wheeled Mobile Robots ◽  
Dominant Pole ◽  
Approximate Treatment

Through the closed loop system response curve of the approximate treatment and the concept of dominant pole, combined with the root track analysis, the most similar to the open loop system model in applied mechanics is obtained. In the process of the closed-loop system model, the friction and gear clearance is considered for manufacturing system. The path planning is proposed for wheeled mobile robots

A Biological Feedback Control System with Electronic Input: The Artificially Closed Femur-Tibia Control System of Stick Insects

1986 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. WEILAND ◽  
U. BÄSSLER ◽  
M. BRUNNER
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Feedback Control ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Stick Insect ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Loop System ◽  
Chordotonal Organ ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Open Loop System ◽  
Stick Insects

An experimental arrangement was constructed which is based on the open-loop femur-tibia control system of two stick insect species (Carausius morosus and Cuniculina impigra). It could be artificially closed in the following way: the position of the tibia was measured by an optical device and this value was used to drive a penmotor which moved the receptor apodeme of the femoral chordotonal organ in the same way as in intact animals. This arrangement allows direct comparison of the behaviour of the open-loop and the closed-loop system as well as introducing an additional delay. The Carausius system has a phase reserve of only 30°-50° and the factor of feedback control approaches 1 between 1 and 2 Hz. This agrees with the observation that an additional delay of 70–200 ms produces long-lasting oscillations of 1–2 Hz. The Cuniculina system has a larger phase reserve and consequently a delay of 200 ms produced no oscillations. All experiments show that extrapolation from the open-loop system to the closed-loop system is valid, despite the non-linear characteristics of the loop. Consequences for servo-mechanisms during walking and rocking movements are discussed.

scholarly journals Mechanically Actuated Capacitor Microphone Control Using MPC and NARMA-L2 Controllers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustefa Jibril ◽  
Messay Tadese ◽  
Eliyas Alemayehu Tadese
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Loop System ◽  
System Response ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Voltage Signal

In this paper, a capacitor microphone system is presented to improve the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy using a nonlinear auto regressive moving average-L2 (NARMA-L2) and model predictive control (MPC) controllers for the analysis of the open loop and closed loop system. The open loop system response shows that the output voltage signal need to be improved. The comparison of the closed loop system with the proposed controllers have been analyzed and a promising result have been obtained using Matlab/Simulink.

scholarly journals Mechanically Actuated Capacitor Microphone Control using MPC and NARMA-L2 Controllers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustefa Jibril ◽  
Messay Tadese ◽  
Eliyas Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Loop System ◽  
System Response ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Voltage Signal

In this paper, a capacitor microphone system is presented to improve the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy using a nonlinear auto regressive moving average-L2 (NARMA-L2) and model predictive control (MPC) controllers for the analysis of the open loop and closed loop system. The open loop system response shows that the output voltage signal need to be improved. The comparison of the closed loop system with the proposed controllers have been analyzed and a promising result have been obtained using Matlab/Simulink.

Parameter Sensitivity of Closed Loop System Response

1968 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. T69-T71 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Barker ◽  
D. J. Murray-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Feedback Control ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Loop System ◽  
System Response ◽  
Complex Frequency ◽  
Feedback Control System ◽  
Closed Loop System

The transient response of a linear feedback control system is characterised by the s plane pole positions of the closed-loop system transfer function, particularly by those of the dominant poles. During a design procedure these pole positions are changed by varying the parameters which are under the control of the designer until the transient performance specification of the system is satisfied. These pole positions can also change as a result of variations in system parameters not under the control of the designer, for example, due to component tolerances or environmental changes. A necessary part of the design procedure is therefore the determination of the sensitivities of the pole positions to system parameter variations. Insofar as the design procedure seeks to predict closed-loop system behaviour from open-loop system information it is desirable that these sensitivities are determined from the same information in order that sensitivity considerations may be introduced at an early stage. This may be accomplished by an extension of the complex frequency response method for feedback control system design.

Application of Anytime Control to an Inherently Unstable Physical System

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne Maxwell ◽  
Al Ferri ◽  
Bonnie Ferri
Keyword(s):  
Closed Loop ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Transient Behavior ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Loop System ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Pendulum System ◽  
Inverted Pendulum System ◽  
Lqr Controller ◽  
Two Stages

This paper extends the use of closed-loop anytime control to systems that are inherently unstable in the open-loop. Previous work has shown that anytime control is very effective in compensating for occasional missed deadlines in the computer processor. When misses occur, the control law is truncated or partially executed. However, the previous work assumed that the open-loop system was stable. In this paper, the anytime strategy is applied to an inverted pendulum system. An LQR controller with estimated state feedback is designed and decomposed into two stages. Both stages are implemented most of the time, but in a small percentage of time, only the first stage is applied, with the resulting closed-loop system being unstable for short periods of time. The statistical performance of the closed-loop system is studied using Monte-Carlo simulations. It is seen that, on average, the closed-loop performance is very close to that of the full-order controller as long as the miss rate is relatively small. However, the variance of the response shows much higher dependence on the miss rate, suggesting that the response becomes more unpredictable. At a critical value of miss rate, the closed-loop system is unstable. The critical miss rate found through simulation is seen to correlate well with the results of a deterministic stability analysis. The statistics on the settling time are also studied, and shown to grow longer as the miss rate increases. The transient behavior of the system is studied for a range of initial conditions.

scholarly journals Riesz basis property of Timoshenko beams with boundary feedback control

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (28) ◽  
pp. 1807-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Xing Feng ◽  
Gen-Qi Xu ◽  
Siu-Pang Yung
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Control ◽  
Riesz Basis ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Loop System ◽  
Beam Equation ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Boundary Feedback Control ◽  
Riesz Basis Property ◽  
Boundary Feedback ◽  
Generalized Eigenvectors

A Timoshenko beam equation with boundary feedback control is considered. By an abstract result on the Riesz basis generation for the discrete operators in the Hilbert spaces, we show that the closed-loop system is a Riesz system, that is, the sequence of generalized eigenvectors of the closed-loop system forms a Riesz basis in the state Hilbert space.

Feedback Control of Linear Distributed Systems

1967 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald M. Wiberg
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Condition ◽  
Distributed Systems ◽  
Feedback Control ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
The State ◽  
Loop System ◽  
Closed Loop System ◽  
Loop Equation ◽  
Control Feedback ◽  
And Control

The optimum feedback control of controllable linear distributed stationary systems is discussed. A linear closed-loop system is assured by restricting the criterion to be the integral of quadratics in the state and control. Feedback is obtained by expansion of the linear closed-loop equation in terms of uncoupled modes. By incorporating symbolic functions into the formulation, one can treat boundary condition control and point observable systems that are null-delta controllable.

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