Design Innovation Incorporating Additive Manufacturing: Creation and Assessment of a Design Tool

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Menefee ◽  
Mahesh Pokharel ◽  
Brian Kaplun ◽  
Daniel Jensen ◽  
Christopher Yakacki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Design Heuristics ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Design Innovation

Abstract Additive Manufacturing (AM) offers design engineers new and advanced manufacturing processes to consider when developing new products or redesigning and evolving current products. AM includes 3D printing processes to quickly produce complex parts and prototypes, that were previously uneconomical or impossible to fabricate. Engineers and organizations have an increasing need to incorporate AM as part of product development; however, design heuristics, design methodologies, and design tools to support AM are nascent and only recently emerging. To enhance Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM), this research seeks to develop an accessible, computer-based design assistant that will aid designers in incorporating AM into their design processes. The design assistant implements a distinctive and user-centered Design Innovation (DI) process, set of methods, and set of principles based on a 4D design framework. This 4D framework encompasses the UK Design Council’s double diamond model and includes the phases of Discover, Define, Develop, and Deliver. The Discover phase entails user studies and a deep understanding and empathy for the user. The Define phase considers the reframing of design opportunities based on derived insights from the modeling users’ interactions. The Develop phase uses a variety of methods to create a large quantity of innovative ideas and concepts, and the Deliver phase implements a set of methods to prototype, test, pitch, and ultimately produce deliverables for a market or community. We demonstrate the design assistant tool for AM through the development of high-end bracket design for space applications. The design considers the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) process for productions and incorporated topology optimization approaches. This demonstrative case study shows how the tool includes design heuristics and approaches for each of the 4-Ds that assist designers in implementing AM capabilities as part of repeatable design processes. Assessment of the tool is carried out through systematic assessments performed by practicing design engineers that have knowledge of AM. Initial results show that the design assessment tool is very helpful when designers consider using AM and also in helping them use AM in effective and efficient manners.

scholarly journals Framework for Refurbishment - Enhancing Social Spaces, Thermal Comfort and Seismic Performance in the Refurbishment of Modernist Social Housing.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sarah Pells
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Social Spaces ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
Housing Developments

<p><b>Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) has a stock of social housing developments built between 1940-1980, requiring substantial refurbishment to meet current thermal comfort and seismic performance requirements. Additionally, these developments often lack social spaces that are inadequate to changing societal circumstances. Consequently, there is a desire to demolish rather than refurbish. The situation will be exacerbated by the new Healthy Homes Standards (Tenancy Services, 2020) to be introduced 1st July 2023. The new standard will require social housing providers to ensure dwellings can be heated to a minimum of 18°C. There are exemplar social housing refurbishments in NZ, but there is a lack of systematic assessment to inform and increase uptake of refurbishment as a development option. </b></p> <p>This research proposes a systematic framework for the refurbishment of modernist social housing developments in NZ, whereby enhancement of social space, thermal comfort and seismic performance are combined. This framework will facilitate application of maximum building performance and liveability standards, which can be generated with minimal intervention.</p> <p>The research comprises six stages: a literature review, a case study analysis (refurbished and non-refurbished social housing projects) leading to a comparative matrix, a design assessment tool, testing of the design tool in a non-refurbished project (Arlington Flats). The literature is analysed to determine the quality and importance of social spaces, thermal comfort, and seismic performance in social housing, as well as best practice design principles to enhance them. Five refurbished social housing case studies (international and NZ) are evaluated, to determine what design strategies led to their success. In addition, six non-refurbished case study projects are analysed to form a comparative matrix to synthesise common topics and problems. Aspects analysed range from urban and dwelling typology, social spaces and structure to construction and building envelope details. The matrix captures areas of similarities and weaknesses and establishes areas of focus to enhance social space, thermal comfort, and seismic performance to be achieved most efficiently. Based on the findings, a design tool is established. The tool is a set of best practice design principles and strategies, represented in a table for designers and stakeholders to use. The tool demonstrates how to best achieve enhancement of social space, thermal comfort, and seismic performance within each identified area of focus. The design tool is utilised to inform design decision making in one of the analysed non-refurbished case studies, namely Arlington Flats. A detailed design is generated for Arlington’s George Porter Tower using the design assessment tool. </p> <p>The research can inform decisions around refurbishment of existing social housing. An increase in the uptake and quality of refurbishments, will contribute to preserving built heritage, increase resident’s health and safety, and reduce resource and energy footprints of housing in NZ.</p>

scholarly journals Framework for Refurbishment - Enhancing Social Spaces, Thermal Comfort and Seismic Performance in the Refurbishment of Modernist Social Housing.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Sarah Pells
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Social Spaces ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
Housing Developments

<p><b>Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) has a stock of social housing developments built between 1940-1980, requiring substantial refurbishment to meet current thermal comfort and seismic performance requirements. Additionally, these developments often lack social spaces that are inadequate to changing societal circumstances. Consequently, there is a desire to demolish rather than refurbish. The situation will be exacerbated by the new Healthy Homes Standards (Tenancy Services, 2020) to be introduced 1st July 2023. The new standard will require social housing providers to ensure dwellings can be heated to a minimum of 18°C. There are exemplar social housing refurbishments in NZ, but there is a lack of systematic assessment to inform and increase uptake of refurbishment as a development option. </b></p> <p>This research proposes a systematic framework for the refurbishment of modernist social housing developments in NZ, whereby enhancement of social space, thermal comfort and seismic performance are combined. This framework will facilitate application of maximum building performance and liveability standards, which can be generated with minimal intervention.</p> <p>The research comprises six stages: a literature review, a case study analysis (refurbished and non-refurbished social housing projects) leading to a comparative matrix, a design assessment tool, testing of the design tool in a non-refurbished project (Arlington Flats). The literature is analysed to determine the quality and importance of social spaces, thermal comfort, and seismic performance in social housing, as well as best practice design principles to enhance them. Five refurbished social housing case studies (international and NZ) are evaluated, to determine what design strategies led to their success. In addition, six non-refurbished case study projects are analysed to form a comparative matrix to synthesise common topics and problems. Aspects analysed range from urban and dwelling typology, social spaces and structure to construction and building envelope details. The matrix captures areas of similarities and weaknesses and establishes areas of focus to enhance social space, thermal comfort, and seismic performance to be achieved most efficiently. Based on the findings, a design tool is established. The tool is a set of best practice design principles and strategies, represented in a table for designers and stakeholders to use. The tool demonstrates how to best achieve enhancement of social space, thermal comfort, and seismic performance within each identified area of focus. The design tool is utilised to inform design decision making in one of the analysed non-refurbished case studies, namely Arlington Flats. A detailed design is generated for Arlington’s George Porter Tower using the design assessment tool. </p> <p>The research can inform decisions around refurbishment of existing social housing. An increase in the uptake and quality of refurbishments, will contribute to preserving built heritage, increase resident’s health and safety, and reduce resource and energy footprints of housing in NZ.</p>

Design Innovation Incorporating Additive Manufacturing: Creation and Assessment of a Design Tool

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jensen ◽  
Mark Menefee ◽  
Mahesh Pokharel ◽  
Brian Kaplun ◽  
Kristin Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Design Innovation

scholarly journals REVIEW OF DESIGN HEURISTICS AND DESIGN PRINCIPLES IN DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2571-2580
Author(s):  
Filip Valjak ◽  
Angelica Lindwall
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Design For Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Design Heuristics ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Support Methods

AbstractThe advent of additive manufacturing (AM) in recent years have had a significant impact on the design process. Because of new manufacturing technology, a new area of research emerged – Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) with newly developed design support methods and tools. This paper looks into the current status of the field regarding the conceptual design of AM products, with the focus on how literature sources treat design heuristics and design principles in the context of DfAM. To answer the research question, a systematic literature review was conducted. The results are analysed, compared and discussed on three main points: the definition of the design heuristics and the design principles, level of support they provide, as well as where and how they are used inside the design process. The paper highlights the similarities and differences between design heuristics and design principles in the context of DfAM.

Enhancing Creative Redesign through Multi-Modal Design Heuristics for Additive Manufacturing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-52
Author(s):  
Alexandra Bloesch-Paidosh ◽  
Kristina Shea
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Design Process ◽  
User Studies ◽  
Novice User ◽  
Design Heuristics ◽  
Industrial Setting ◽  
Derived Design ◽  
Mind Set ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Early Phases

Abstract When designing for Additive Manufacturing (AM), designers often need assistance in breaking out of their conventional manufacturing mind-set. Previously, Blösch-Paidosh and Shea (2019) derived Design Heuristics for AM (DHAM) to assist designers in doing this during the early phases of the design process. This work proposes a set of 25 multi-modal cards and objects to accompany each of the Design Heuristics for AM and studies their effect through a series of controlled, novice user studies conducted using both teams and individuals who redesign a city E-Bike. The resulting AM concepts are analyzed in terms of the quantity of design modifications relevant for AM, AM-flexibility, novelty, and variety. It is found that the DHAM cards and objects increase the inclusion of AM concepts, AM modifications, and the unique capabilities of AM in the concepts generated by both individuals and teams. They also increase the creativity of the concepts generated by both individuals and teams, as measured through a series of defined metrics. Further, the objects in combination with the cards are more effective at stimulating the generation of a wider variety of designs than the cards alone. Future work will focus on studying the use of the DHAM cards and objects in an industrial setting.

scholarly journals Measuring design innovation for project-based design assessment: considerations of robustness and efficiency

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4Esp) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
Christian Schunn ◽  
Joel Chan ◽  
Andrea Goncher
Keyword(s):  
Design Assessment ◽  
Design Innovation

Los enfoques instructivos para la adquisición de habilidades en procesos de diseño innovativo para ingenieros y diseñadores son fundamentales para desarrollar competencias de diseño. Se necesitan recursos que permitan una evaluación eficiente y válida de los resultados del diseño, sin embargo, los métodos de evaluación actuales no son adecuados para los proyectos heterogéneos de las clases de diseño basadas en proyectos auténticos como diseño final. Por ello, nosotros desarrollamos una medida robusta y eficiente, y la validamos con un conjunto grande y diverso de resultados de diseño de una clase de diseño basada en proyectos. La medida se basa en juicios expertos sobre el valor y la funcionalidad de los conceptos de diseño derivados de una serie de requisitos de diseño ponderados por su importancia.Las nuevas medidas de evaluación de los resultados en el contexto de entornos de diseño auténticos basados en proyectos, como el desarrollado en el presente estudio, deben interactuar con las métricas basadas en procesos para crear una entrada de mayor calidad en la evaluación general de rendimiento del equipo de diseño.

Reconfigurable molds and a fabrication-aware design tool for manufacturing concrete grid structures

2021 ◽  
pp. 147807712110300
Author(s):  
Ali Baghi ◽  
Saleh Kalantari ◽  
Aryan Baghi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Casting Machine ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Digital Design ◽  
Architectural Geometry ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Concrete Joints ◽  
Concrete Casting ◽  
Concrete Elements

The design and manufacturing of concrete elements need to be reconsidered in light of current trends in architectural geometry. Today, there is a movement toward greater customization and adaptability of concrete elements using “reconfigurable formworks” and “additive manufacturing.” Our study approached the issue of fabricating non-standardized concrete elements from the perspective of a “reconfigurable fabrication platform.” Specifically, we developed a method of fabricating geometrically diverse concrete joints by combining flexible pressure-enduring tubes with a rigid mechanism, resulting in an adaptive concrete-casting machine. This platform, which we named “Flexi-node,” can be used in conjunction with a relevant fabrication-aware digital design tool. Users can computationally design and fabricate a great variety of concrete joints using just one mold, with a minimum of material waste and with no distortion from hydrostatic pressure as would typically occur in a fully flexible formwork.

Towards Multidisciplinary Turbine Blade Tolerance Design Assessment Using Adjoint Methods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Liefke ◽  
Peter Jaksch ◽  
Sebastian Schmitz ◽  
Vincent Marciniak ◽  
Uwe Janoske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Design Assessment ◽  
Tool Chain ◽  
Relative Errors

Abstract This paper shows how to use discrete CFD and FEM adjoint surface sensitivities to derive objective-based tolerances for turbine blades, instead of relying on geometric tolerances. For this purpose a multidisciplinary adjoint evaluation tool chain is introduced to quantify the effect of real manufacturing imperfections on aerodynamic efficiency and probabilistic low cycle fatigue life time. Before the adjoint method is applied, a numerical validation of the CFD and FEM adjoint gradients is performed using 102 heavy duty turbine vane scans. The results show that the relative error for adjoint CFD gradients is below 0.5%, while the FEM life time gradient relative errors are below 5%. The adjoint assessment tool chain further reduces the computational cost by around 85% for the investigated test case compared to non-linear methods. Through the application of the presented tool chain, the definition of specified objective-based tolerances becomes available as a design assessment tool and allows to improve overall turbine efficiency and the accuracy of life time prediction.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document