Advance Monitoring of Blood Pressure and Respiratory Rate Using De-Noising Auto Encoder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Ho Park ◽  
Kyoung-Su Park
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Superficial Temporal Artery ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Pulse Signal ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Vital Signs Monitoring ◽  
Vital Sign Measurement

Abstract As the importance of continuous vital signs monitoring increases, the need for wearable devices to measure vital sign is increasing. In this study, the device is designed to measure blood pressure (BP), respiratory rate (RR), and heartrate (HR) with one sensor. The device is in earphone format and is manufactured as wireless type using Arduino-based bluetooth module. The device measures pulse signal in the Superficial temporal artery using Photoplethysmograghy (PPG) sensor. The device uses the Auto Encoder to remove noise caused by movement, etc., contained in the pulse signal. Extract the feature from the pulse signal and use them for the vital sign measurement. The device is measured using Slope transit time (STT) method for BP and Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) method for RR. Finally, the accuracy is determined by comparing the vital signs measured through the device with the reference vital signs measured simultaneously.

Pulse oximetry and the enduring neglect of respiratory rate assessment: a commentary on patient surveillance

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (19) ◽  
pp. 1256-1259
Author(s):  
Malcolm Elliott ◽  
Jill Baird
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Vital Signs Monitoring ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
Clinical Surveillance ◽  
The Common ◽  
Assessment Research

Clinical surveillance provides essential data on changes in a patient's condition. The common method for performing this surveillance is the assessment of vital signs. Despite the importance of these signs, research has found that vital signs are not rigorously assessed in clinical practice. Respiratory rate, arguably the most important vital sign, is the most neglected. Poor understanding might contribute to nurses incorrectly valuing oxygen saturation more than respiratory rate. Nurses need to understand the importance of respiratory rate assessment as a vital sign and the benefits and limitations of pulse oximetry as a clinical tool. By better understanding pulse oximetry and respiratory rate assessment, nurses might be more inclined to conduct rigorous vital signs' assessment. Research is needed to understand why many nurses do not appreciate the importance of vital signs' monitoring.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Accuracy of the VitalWellness Device

Iproceedings ◽  
10.2196/16250 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e16250
Author(s):  
Nicole Polanco ◽  
Sharon Odametey ◽  
Neda Derakhshani ◽  
Mark Khachaturian ◽  
Connor Devoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Skin Color ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Mean Difference

Background Wellness devices for health tracking have gained popularity in recent years. Additionally, portable and readily accessible wellness devices have several advantages when compared to traditional medical devices found in clinical environments The VitalWellness device is a portable wellness device that can potentially aide vital sign measuring for those interested in tracking their health. Objective In this diagnostic accuracy study, we evaluated the performance of the VitalWellness device, a wireless, compact, non-invasive device that measures four vital signs (blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and body temperature using the index finger and forehead. Methods Volunteers age ≥18 years were enrolled to provide blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and body temperature. We recruited participants with vital signs that fell within and outside of the normal physiological range. A sub-group of eligible participants were asked to undergo an exercise test, aerobic step test and/or a paced breathing test to analyze the VitalWellness device’s performance on vital signs outside of the normal physiological ranges for HR and RR. Vital signs measurements were collected with the VitalWellness device and FDA-approved reference devices. Mean, standard deviation, mean difference, standard deviation of difference, standard error of mean difference, and correlation coefficients were calculated for measurements collected; these measurements were plotted on a scatter plot and a Bland-Altman plot. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the performance of the VitalWellness device by gender, skin color, finger size, and in the presence of artifacts. Results 265 volunteers enrolled in the study and 2 withdrew before study completion. Majority of the volunteers were female (62%), predominately white (63%), graduated from college or post college (67%), and employed (59%). There was a moderately strong linear relationship between VitalWellness BP and reference BP (r=0.7, P<.05) and VitalWellness RR and reference RR measurements (r=0.7, P<.05). The VitalWellness HR readings were significantly in line with the reference HR readings (r=0.9, P<.05). There was a weaker linear relationship between VitalWellness temperature and reference temperature (r=0.3, P<.05). There were no differences in performance of the VitalWellness device by gender, skin color or in the presence of artifacts. Finger size was associated with differential performance for RR. Conclusions Overall, the VitalWellness device performed well in taking BP, HR, and RR when compared to FDA-approved reference devices and has potential serve as a wellness device. To test adaptability and acceptability, future research may evaluate user’s interactions and experiences with the VitalWellness device at home. In addition, the next phase of the study will evaluate transmitting vital sign information from the VitalWellness device to an online secured database where information can be shared with HCPs within seconds of measurement.

Pulse oximetry and the enduring neglect of respiratory rate assessment: a commentary on patient surveillance

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (19) ◽  
pp. 1156-1159
Author(s):  
Malcolm Elliott ◽  
Jill Baird
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Vital Signs Monitoring ◽  
Poor Understanding ◽  
Clinical Surveillance ◽  
The Common ◽  
Assessment Research

Clinical surveillance provides essential data on changes in a patient's condition. The common method for performing this surveillance is the assessment of vital signs. Despite the importance of these signs, research has found that vital signs are not rigorously assessed in clinical practice. Respiratory rate, arguably the most important vital sign, is the most neglected. Poor understanding might contribute to nurses incorrectly valuing oxygen saturation more than respiratory rate. Nurses need to understand the importance of respiratory rate assessment as a vital sign and the benefits and limitations of pulse oximetry as a clinical tool. By better understanding pulse oximetry and respiratory rate assessment, nurses might be more inclined to conduct rigorous vital signs' assessment. Research is needed to understand why many nurses do not appreciate the importance of vital signs' monitoring.

scholarly journals FRI0618-HPR EFFECTS OF MUSIC THERAPY ON PAIN, ANXIETY, AND VITAL SIGNS IN CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASES PATIENTS DURING BIOLOGICAL DRUGS INFUSION

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 914.2-914
Author(s):  
S. Boussaid ◽  
M. Ben Majdouba ◽  
S. Jriri ◽  
M. Abbes ◽  
S. Jammali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Biological Therapies ◽  
Biological Drugs ◽  
Pain Anxiety ◽  
The Mean

Background:Music therapy is based on ancient cross-cultural beliefs that music can have a “healing” effect on mind and body. Research determined that listening to music can increase comfort and relaxation, relieve pain, lower distress, reduce anxiety, improve positive emotions and mood, and decrease psychological symptoms. Music therapy has been used greatly in various medical procedures to reduce associated anxiety and pain. Patients have a high level of anxiety when they are in the hospital, this is the case of patients with rheumatic diseases who consult regularly to have intravenous infusion of biological therapies.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of music therapy on pain, anxiety, and vital signs among patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases during intravenous infusion of biological drugs.Methods:Fifty patients were divided into two groups: The experimental group G1 (n=25) received drug infusion while lestening to soft music (30 minutes); and the control group G2 (n=25) received only drug infusion. Measures include pain, anxiety, vital signs (blood pressure, heart rate and respiratory rate). The pain was measured using visual analogic scale (VAS). The state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) was used for measuring anxiety, low anxiety ranges from 20 to 39, the moderate anxiety ranges from 40 to 59, and high anxiety ranges from 60 to 80. Vital signs (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], heart rate [HR], and respiratory rate [RR]) were measured before, during and immediately after the infusion.Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used for analysis.Results:The mean age in G1 was 44.45 years (26-72) with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.8. Including the 25 patients, 12 had rheumatoid arthritis, 10 had ankylosing spondylitis and 3 had psoriatic arthritis. The mean disease duration was 8 years. In G2, the mean age was 46 years (25-70) with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.75, 12 had rheumatoid arthritis, 11 had ankylosing spondylitis and 2 had psoriatic arthritis. The mean disease duration was 7.5 years. The biological drugs used were: Infliximab in 30 cases, Tocilizumab in 12 cases and Rituximab in 8 cases.Before the infusion, the patients of experimental group had a mean VAS of 5/10±3, a mean STAI of 50.62±6.01, a mean SBP of 13.6 cmHg±1.4, a mean DBP of 8.6 cmHg±1, a mean HR of 85±10 and a mean RR of 18±3. While in control group the mean VAS was 5.5±2, the mean STAI was 50.89±5.5, the mean SBP was 13.4±1.2, the mean DBP was 8.8±1.1, the mean HR was 82±8 and the mean RR was 19±2.During the infusion and after music intervention in G1, the mean STAI became 38.35±5 in G1 versus 46.7±5.2 in G2 (p value=0.022), the mean SBP became 12.1±0.5 in G1 versus 13±1 in G2 (p=0.035), the mean DBP became 8.1±0.8 in G1 versus 8.4±0.9 in G2 (p=0.4), the mean HR became 76±9 in G1 versus 78±7 in G2 (p=0.04) and the mean RR became 17.3±2.1 in G1 versus 18.2±1.7 in G2 (p=0.39).This study found a statistically significant decrease in anxiety, systolic blood pressure and heart rate in patients receiving music interventions during biological therapies infusion, but no significant difference were identified in diastolic blood pressure and respiratory rate.Conclusion:The findings provide further evidence to support the use of music therapy to reduce anxiety, and lower systolic blood pressure and heart rate in patients with rheumatic disease during biological therapies infusion.References:[1] Lin, C., Hwang, S., Jiang, P., & Hsiung, N. (2019).Effect of Music Therapy on Pain After Orthopedic Surgery -A Systematic review and Meta-Analysis. Pain Practice.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Contactless Monitoring of Breathing Patterns and Respiratory Rate at the Pit of the Neck: A Single Camera Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Massaroni ◽  
Daniel Simões Lopes ◽  
Daniela Lo Presti ◽  
Emiliano Schena ◽  
Sergio Silvestri
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Image Resolution ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
Vital Signs Monitoring

Vital signs monitoring is pivotal not only in clinical settings but also in home environments. Remote monitoring devices, systems, and services are emerging as tracking vital signs must be performed on a daily basis. Different types of sensors can be used to monitor breathing patterns and respiratory rate. However, the latter remains the least measured vital sign in several scenarios due to the intrusiveness of most adopted sensors. In this paper, we propose an inexpensive, off-the-shelf, and contactless measuring system for respiration signals taking as region of interest the pit of the neck. The system analyses video recorded by a single RGB camera and extracts the respiratory pattern from intensity variations of reflected light at the level of the collar bones and above the sternum. Breath-by-breath respiratory rate is then estimated from the processed breathing pattern. In addition, the effect of image resolution on monitoring breathing patterns and respiratory rate has been investigated. The proposed system was tested on twelve healthy volunteers (males and females) during quiet breathing at different sensor resolution (i.e., HD 720, PAL, WVGA, VGA, SVGA, and NTSC). Signals collected with the proposed system have been compared against a reference signal in both the frequency domain and time domain. By using the HD 720 resolution, frequency domain analysis showed perfect agreement between average breathing frequency values gathered by the proposed measuring system and reference instrument. An average mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.55 breaths/min was assessed in breath-by-breath monitoring in the time domain, while Bland-Altman showed a bias of −0.03 ± 1.78 breaths/min. Even in the case of lower camera resolution setting (i.e., NTSC), the system demonstrated good performances (MAE of 1.53 breaths/min, bias of −0.06 ± 2.08 breaths/min) for contactless monitoring of both breathing pattern and breath-by-breath respiratory rate over time.

Comparison of of techniques for measuring +Gz tolerance in man

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1143-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Krutz ◽  
S. A. Rositano ◽  
R. E. Mancini
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Superficial Temporal Artery ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Retinal Circulation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Flow Changes

Two objective methods and one subjective method for measuring +Gz tolerance (inertial vector in a head-to-foot direction) were compared on the human centrifuge. Direct eye-level blood pressure (Pa), blood flow velocity in the superficial temporal artery (Qta), and subjective visual symptoms were used to determine tolerance to rapid onset acceleration (1 G/s) on the USAFSAM human centrifuge. Seven “relaxed” subjects with extensive centrifuge experience were exposed to gradually increasing +Gz plateaus until the subject reported 100% loss of peripheral centrifuge gondola lights (PLL) and 50% loss of central light (CLD); viz., blackout. Zero forward Qta occurred 6 s (range 4–9 s) before subjective blackout and when mean eye-level blood pressure had reached 20 +/- 1 mmHg (SE). The results of this study indicate that flow changes in the superficial temporal artery reflect flow changes in the retinal circulation during +Gz stress.

scholarly journals Reliability of a wearable wireless patch for continuous remote monitoring of vital signs in patients recovering from major surgery: a clinical validation study from the TRaCINg trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e031150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candice Downey ◽  
Shu Ng ◽  
David Jayne ◽  
David Wong
Keyword(s):  
Monitoring System ◽  
Vital Sign ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Major Surgery ◽  
Limits Of Agreement ◽  
Temperature Bias ◽  
Vital Signs Monitoring ◽  
Recorded Data

ObjectiveTo validate whether a wearable remote vital signs monitor could accurately measure heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and temperature in a postsurgical patient population at high risk of complications.DesignManually recorded vital signs data were paired with vital signs data derived from the remote monitor set in patients participating in the Trial of Remote versus Continuous INtermittent monitoring (TRaCINg) study: a trial of continuous remote vital signs monitoring.SettingSt James’s University Hospital, UK.Participants51 patients who had undergone major elective general surgery.InterventionsThe intervention was the SensiumVitals monitoring system. This is a wireless patch worn on the patient’s chest that measures HR, RR and temperature continuously. The reference standard was nurse-measured manually recorded vital signs.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcomes were the 95% limits of agreement between manually recorded and wearable patch vital sign recordings of HR, RR and temperature. The secondary outcomes were the percentage completeness of vital sign patch data for each vital sign.Results1135 nurse observations were available for analysis. There was no clinically meaningful bias in HR (1.85 bpm), but precision was poor (95% limits of agreement −23.92 to 20.22 bpm). Agreement was poor for RR (bias 2.93 breaths per minute, 95% limits of agreement −8.19 to 14.05 breaths per minute) and temperature (bias 0.82°C, 95% limits of agreement −1.13°C to 2.78°C). Vital sign patch data completeness was 72.8% for temperature, 59.2% for HR and 34.1% for RR. Distributions of RR in manually recorded measurements were clinically implausible.ConclusionsThe continuous monitoring system did not reliably provide HR consistent with nurse measurements. The accuracy of RR and temperature was outside of acceptable limits. Limitations of the system could potentially be overcome through better signal processing. While acknowledging the time pressures placed on nursing staff, inaccuracies in the manually recorded data present an opportunity to increase awareness about the importance of manual observations, particularly with regard to methods of manual HR and RR measurements.

Technical Issues Associated With Arterial Pulse Signal Measurements Using a Microfluidic-Based Tactile Sensor

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Leryn Reynolds ◽  
Thomas Alberts ◽  
Linda Vahala ◽  
Zhili Hao
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Superficial Temporal Artery ◽  
Pulse Signal ◽  
Tactile Sensor ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
Motion Artifact ◽  
Sensor Design ◽  
Arterial Pulse ◽  
Uniform Layer ◽  
Technical Issues

Abstract This paper presents three technical issues associated with arterial pulse signal measurements using a microfluidic-based tactile sensor: motion artifact, overlying tissue at an artery and inter-subject variation. Arising from the sensor-artery interaction upon hold-down pressure on the sensor, a measured pulse signal is a combination of the sensor design, hold-down pressure, overlying tissue at an artery, the arterial wall and the true pulse signal in the artery. Meanwhile, motion artifact causes change in the sensor-artery interaction and also plays a non-negligible role in a measured pulse signal. The influence of motion artifact on a measured pulse signal can be reduced by a sensor with high stiffness. To obtain a pulse signal at near-zero transmural pressure with reasonable accuracy, matching the sensor design with the overlying tissue at an artery is critical for achieving good conformity of the sensor to the artery (for signal transmission) with minimal distortion of the true one in the artery. For simplicity, a uniform layer is utilized to adjust the sensor design. While a uniform layer added to a sensor improves its conformity with the radial artery (RA) embedded deep under the skin, a uniform layer is also needed as a cushion to reduce suppression of the true pulse signal at the superficial temporal artery (STA) near the skin. Due to inter-subject variation (i.e, overlying tissue and artery size), the absolute values of arterial indices derived from a measured pulse signal at the same artery are not comparable between subjects. Post-exercise recovery of arterial indices derived from measured pulse signals is suggested to serve as a better assessment of the cardiovascular (CV) system.

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