Challenges of Speedy Icebreaker-Assisted Operation of Heavy-Tonnage Vessels in Ice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksei Dobrodeev ◽  
Kirill Sazonov
Keyword(s):  
Power Level ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Hydrodynamic Resistance ◽  
Large Size ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Performance Predictions ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
Ice Conditions

The Arctic plays a key role in the economic development of Russia. This region is fabulously rich with hydrocarbons and biological resources. One of the strategic goals in commercialization of the Arctic region is setting up of efficient transportation systems for year round navigation via the Northern Sea Route (NSR) to support shipment of various cargoes [1]. According to the latest studies, cargo vessels should be able to travel through NSR at speeds reaching 12 knots to make it a commercially competitively route. Highspeed moving can allow NSR to become competitive route as compared to the southbound route via Suez. It should be noted that ice conditions on this route are quite severe. Navigation in NSR of even ice-capable cargo carriers with icebreaker assistance will enable to increase the effectiveness of this shortcut shipping itinerary between Europe and the Pacific coast. For this purpose a novel nuclear Leader icebreaker has been designed, which, according to model tests in the Krylov Centre ice basin, will be able to sail in 2-meter continuous ice at 12 knots. The investigations of ship performance in ice at fast speeds are quite new and should be conducted very carefully. This paper focuses on some specific features of dynamic behaviour predicted for an icebreaker and a large-size vessel led by this icebreaker during speedy sailing in ice. It also discusses other important issues related to minimum power level requirement for vessels operating under these conditions as well as due account of the hydrodynamic resistance component in ice performance predictions.

Prévoir les variations saisonnières de la glace de mer arctique et leurs impacts sur le climat

2020 ◽  
pp. 024
Author(s):  
Rym Msadek ◽  
Gilles Garric ◽  
Sara Fleury ◽  
Florent Garnier ◽  
Lauriane Batté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Recent Effort ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
Upper Level

L'Arctique est la région du globe qui s'est réchauffée le plus vite au cours des trente dernières années, avec une augmentation de la température de surface environ deux fois plus rapide que pour la moyenne globale. Le déclin de la banquise arctique observé depuis le début de l'ère satellitaire et attribué principalement à l'augmentation de la concentration des gaz à effet de serre aurait joué un rôle important dans cette amplification des températures au pôle. Cette fonte importante des glaces arctiques, qui devrait s'accélérer dans les décennies à venir, pourrait modifier les vents en haute altitude et potentiellement avoir un impact sur le climat des moyennes latitudes. L'étendue de la banquise arctique varie considérablement d'une saison à l'autre, d'une année à l'autre, d'une décennie à l'autre. Améliorer notre capacité à prévoir ces variations nécessite de comprendre, observer et modéliser les interactions entre la banquise et les autres composantes du système Terre, telles que l'océan, l'atmosphère ou la biosphère, à différentes échelles de temps. La réalisation de prévisions saisonnières de la banquise arctique est très récente comparée aux prévisions du temps ou aux prévisions saisonnières de paramètres météorologiques (température, précipitation). Les résultats ayant émergé au cours des dix dernières années mettent en évidence l'importance des observations de l'épaisseur de la glace de mer pour prévoir l'évolution de la banquise estivale plusieurs mois à l'avance. Surface temperatures over the Arctic region have been increasing twice as fast as global mean temperatures, a phenomenon known as arctic amplification. One main contributor to this polar warming is the large decline of Arctic sea ice observed since the beginning of satellite observations, which has been attributed to the increase of greenhouse gases. The acceleration of Arctic sea ice loss that is projected for the coming decades could modify the upper level atmospheric circulation yielding climate impacts up to the mid-latitudes. There is considerable variability in the spatial extent of ice cover on seasonal, interannual and decadal time scales. Better understanding, observing and modelling the interactions between sea ice and the other components of the climate system is key for improved predictions of Arctic sea ice in the future. Running operational-like seasonal predictions of Arctic sea ice is a quite recent effort compared to weather predictions or seasonal predictions of atmospheric fields like temperature or precipitation. Recent results stress the importance of sea ice thickness observations to improve seasonal predictions of Arctic sea ice conditions during summer.

scholarly journals Record high Pacific Arctic seawater temperatures and delayed sea ice advance in response to episodic atmospheric blocking

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsubasa Kodaira ◽  
Takuji Waseda ◽  
Takehiko Nose ◽  
Jun Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Atmospheric Blocking ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Highly Correlated

AbstractArctic sea ice is rapidly decreasing during the recent period of global warming. One of the significant factors of the Arctic sea ice loss is oceanic heat transport from lower latitudes. For months of sea ice formation, the variations in the sea surface temperature over the Pacific Arctic region were highly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). However, the seasonal sea surface temperatures recorded their highest values in autumn 2018 when the PDO index was neutral. It is shown that the anomalous warm seawater was a rapid ocean response to the southerly winds associated with episodic atmospheric blocking over the Bering Sea in September 2018. This warm seawater was directly observed by the R/V Mirai Arctic Expedition in November 2018 to significantly delay the southward sea ice advance. If the atmospheric blocking forms during the PDO positive phase in the future, the annual maximum Arctic sea ice extent could be dramatically reduced.

scholarly journals Inter-Relations between the Arctic Sea Ice and the General Circulation of the Atmosphere (Abstract)

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 252-252
Author(s):  
G. Wendler ◽  
M. Jeffries ◽  
Y. Nagashima
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Zonal Circulation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Opposing Effects

Satellite imagery has substantially improved the quality of sea-Ice observation over the last decades. Therefore, for a 25-year period, a statistical study based on the monthly Arctic sea-ice data and the monthly mean 700 mbar maps of the Northern Hemisphere was carried out to establish the relationships between sea-ice conditions and the general circulation of the atmosphere. It was found that sea-ice conditions have two opposing effects on the zonal circulation intensity, depending on the season. Heavier than normal ice in winter causes stronger than normal zonal circulation in the subsequent months, whereas heavier than normal ice in the summer–fall causes weaker zonal circulation in the subsequent months. Analyzing the two sectors, the Atlantic and Pacific ones separately, a negative correlation was found, which means a heavy ice year in the Atlantic Ocean is normally associated with a light one in the Pacific Ocean and vice versa.

scholarly journals Current methods of subsea production systems survey in the conditions of the Arctic region

2021 ◽  
Vol 1201 (1) ◽  
pp. 012055
Author(s):  
E Smirnov ◽  
U Kharchenko
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
Inspection And Maintenance ◽  
Eastern Shelf ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Ice Period ◽  
The Arctic Region

Abstract The development of deposits in the Arctic region and the Far Eastern shelf of Russia is complicated by the presence of ice conditions. The duration of the ice period can vary from 5 up to 9 months, during which the underwater equipment of the field is inaccessible for inspection and repair. This work discusses the methods of inspection and maintenance of subsea production systems that can be used in the development of Arctic deposits.

scholarly journals Automated network for collection of data on technical condition of navigation equipment at meteorological communication radio lines in the Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
В.Л. Мартынов ◽  
И.О. Щербакова ◽  
С.В. Воронин
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Radio Lines ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Strategy Of Development ◽  
Northern Sea Route

В соответствии с государственной стратегией по освоению северных территорий вопросы, связанные с обеспечением безопасности функционирования Северного морского пути, определяют одно из новых актуальных направлений для проведения научных исследований. Известно, что организация транспортно-технологического процесса в арктическом регионе при наличии тяжелых гидрометеорологических условиях не возможна без новейших систем передачи информационных данных на большие расстояния. В статье приводятся предложения по организации сбора информационных данных с удаленных объектов, расположенных в труднодоступных районах Арктики, для обеспечения нормального функционирования системы управления движением судов в указанном регионе. Для решения задачи осуществления дистанционного мониторинга работоспособности технических средств навигационного оборудования предложено использовать автоматическую передачу данных по радиолиниям метеорной связи, охватывающих всю трассу Северного морского пути. В качестве одного из методов увеличения пропускной способности сети метеорной связи, что дает возможность повысить ее эффективность и одновременно расширить функциональные возможности, рекомендовано применить адаптацию вида манипуляции к уровню мощности сигнала на входе приемного устройства. In accordance with the state strategy of development of Northern territories, the issues related to the safe operation of the Northern sea route define one of the new topical areas for research. It is known that the organization of transport-technological process in the Arctic region in the presence of severe hydrometeorological conditions is not possible without advanced systems of information data transmission over long distances. The article presents suggestions for organizing the collection of information from remote sites located in remote areas of the Arctic to ensure the normal functioning of vessel traffic management in the region. To solve the problem of the remote monitoring of the technical means of navigation performance it is proposed to use automatic data transfer via radio links of meteor communications, covering the whole Northern sea route. As one of the methods for increasing bandwidth capacity network of meteor communications, which gives the opportunity to increase its efficiency and at the same time to extend the functionality, it is recommended to use adaptation of the kind of manipulation to the power level of the input signal of the receiver.

Record high Pacific Arctic seawater temperatures and delayed sea ice advance in response to episodic atmospheric blocking

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsubasa Kodaira ◽  
Takuji Waseda ◽  
Takehiko Nose ◽  
Jun Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Atmospheric Blocking ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Highly Correlated

<p>Arctic sea ice is rapidly decreasing during the recent period of global warming. One of the significant factors of the Arctic sea ice loss is oceanic heat transport from lower latitudes. For months of sea ice formation, the variations in the sea surface temperature over the Pacific Arctic region were highly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). However, the seasonal sea surface temperatures recorded their highest values in autumn 2018 when the PDO index was neutral. It is shown that the anomalous warm seawater was a rapid ocean response to the southerly winds associated with episodic atmospheric blocking over the Bering Sea in September 2018. This warm seawater was directly observed by the R/V Mirai Arctic Expedition in November 2018 to significantly delay the southward sea ice advance. If the atmospheric blocking forms during the PDO positive phase in the future, the annual maximum Arctic sea ice extent could be dramatically reduced.</p>

Archaeology of the Eastern Aleut Region

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Maschner
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Marine Productivity ◽  
The One ◽  
The Arctic Region

The prehistory of the eastern Aleut region is one of the most convoluted and dynamic cultural trajectories in the Arctic region. Situated on the one of the world’s most productive fisheries, it is on the hinge point between the often-violent North Pacific and Bering Sea climate regimes. The richest marinescapes in the Pacific region gave rise to the largest human populations, the largest villages, and the most socially complex organizations in the Eskimo-Aleut world. But these villages rose and fell, and even the largest were subject to periodic cultural collapse. Climate, marine productivity, and boating technology are the key factors in understanding the archaeology of this part of Alaska.

scholarly journals Inter-Relations between the Arctic Sea Ice and the General Circulation of the Atmosphere

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (114) ◽  
pp. 173-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Wendler ◽  
Y. Nagashima
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Zonal Circulation ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
Opposing Effects

AbstractSatellite imagery has substantially improved the quality of sea-ice observation over the last decades. Therefore, for a 25 year period, a statistical study based on the monthly Arctic sea-ice data and the monthly mean 700 mbar maps of the Northern Hemisphere was carried out to establish the relationships between sea-ice conditions and the general circulation of the atmosphere. It was found that sea-ice conditions have two opposing effects on the zonal circulation intensity, depending on the season. Heavier than normal ice in winter causes stronger than normal zonal circulation in the subsequent months, whereas heavier than normal ice in the summer-fall causes weaker zonal circulation in the subsequent months. Analyzing the two sectors, the Atlantic and Pacific ones separately, a negative correlation was found, which means a heavy ice year in the Atlantic Ocean is normally associated with a light one in the Pacific Ocean and vice versa.

scholarly journals Problem statement on the vessel braking within ice channel

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadim K Goncharov ◽  
Natalia Yu Klementieva
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Ice Conditions ◽  
Braking Process ◽  
The Arctic Region

Abstract Sailing within the ice channel that assisting icebreaker tracks is usual for difficult ice conditions in the Northern freezing seas and the Arctic region. There is the danger of emergency, namely, the collision with an icebreaker or the ahead vessel, when ones stop before insuperable ice obstacle or because the engine trouble. The paper contents analysis of the vessel braking process and formulation of the equation that gives possibility modelling this process and evaluating the distance that is necessary for safe stopping of vessel in dependence on its characteristics and ice conditions. Outcomes of investigation will be applicable for the caravan of cargo vessels forming while the icebreaker assistance.

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