Comparative Analysis of Conventional and Fuel Cell-Based Gas Turbine Power Plants

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gadalla ◽  
Nabil Al Aid
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Power Cycles ◽  
Technical Management ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

The purpose of this paper is to conduct a complete comparative, energy and 2nd low analyses between different types of fuel cells integrated with a gas turbine power plant. Different levels of modeling for the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and the integrated systems are to be presented. The overall system performance is analyzed by employing individual models and further applying energy and exergetic analyses for different configurations of gas turbine power cycles. The study includes applying different proposed methods and techniques to enhance the overall efficiency of the integrated cycle. After performing the complete technical management of the complete system, a comparative study between conventional and PEMFC and SOFC cycles is investigated to highlight the corresponding advantages and disadvantages of each system. The following systems are tested and evaluated: (a) Conventional Gas Turbine System with a combustion Chamber (b) Integrated SOFC Stack into a Gas Turbine System (c) The Proposed Integrated System with both SOFC and PEMFC.

Optimum Design and Performance Simulation of a Multi-device Integrated System Based on a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Xiuqin Zhang ◽  
Wentao Cheng ◽  
Qiubao Lin ◽  
Longquan Wu ◽  
Junyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Abstract Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) based on syngas are a promising technology for electric vehicle applications. To increase the fuel conversion efficiency, the low-temperature waste heat from the PEMFC is absorbed by a refrigerator. The absorption refrigerator provides cool air for the interior space of the vehicle. Between finishing the steam reforming reaction and flowing into the fuel cell, the gases release heat continuously. A Brayton engine is introduced to absorb heat and provide a useful power output. A novel thermodynamic model of the integrated system of the PEMFC, refrigerator, and Brayton engine is established. Expressions for the power output and efficiency of the integrated system are derived. The effects of some key parameters are discussed in detail to attain optimum performance of the integrated system. The simulation results show that when the syngas consumption rate is 4.0 × 10−5 mol s−1cm−2, the integrated system operates in an optimum state, and the product of the efficiency and power density reaches a maximum. In this case, the efficiency and power density of the integrated system are 0.28 and 0.96 J s−1 cm−2, respectively, which are 46% higher than those of a PEMFC.

Integration of a Biomass-Fueled Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell System and a Vanadium Redox Battery as a Power Generation and Storage System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Ali Ozgoli ◽  
Sadegh Safari ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Oxidation Reactor ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Vanadium Redox

In this study, a novel integrated system of a Biomass Gasification (BG) system with a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) and a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (VRB) is suggested and has focused on both power generation and storage ability of the system. Effect of some key parameters including, current density, voltage, gasification efficiency, low heating value, high heating value, oxygen equivalence ratio, efficiency has taken into consideration. Also, a water-gas shift reactor, as a preferential oxidation reactor, are facilitated to purify syngas and reduce the CO content to use in the PEMFC. The richest H2 amount and lower CO was obtained from the Sugarcane in which it provides 32 mol.% H2 and 18 mol.% CO. A sensitivity analysis of the load level impact on the PEMFC system has been studied in which at 5 kW electrical load, the electrical and the thermal efficiencies of the integrated system have an estimated 22% and 32%, respectively. Furthermore, by employing the waste heat recovery system, the overall efficiency has improved by up to 58%. Besides, the findings provide a potential mechanism for employing the proposed integrated system in distributed generation, individually in rural areas, where plenty of feedstock sources are available.

Analysis of a Hybrid PEMFC-SOFC Gas Turbine Power Plant

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Gadalla ◽  
Nabil Al Aid
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

In this study, a complete economic analysis of integrating different types of fuel cells in Gas Turbine power plants is conducted. The paper investigates the performance of a hybrid system that comprises of a SOFC (Solid-Oxide-Fuel-Cell), a PEMFC (polymer electrolyte membrane fuel Cell), and SOFC-PEMFC which is/are integrated into a Gas Turbine power plant. Detailed modeling, thermodynamic, kinetic, geometric models are developed, implemented and validated for the synthesis/design and operational analysis of the combined hybrid system. The economic analysis is considered to be the basic concepts for thermo-economic optimization of the power plant under investigation, with the aim of finding the optimum set of design/operating parameters. Moreover, one of the aims of this paper is to present a detailed economic analysis of a highly coupled PEMFC-SOFC–GT hybrid plant, paying special attention to the sources of inefficiency and analyzing their variations with respect to changes in their operational parameters.

Technology of Bipolar Plate Flow Field’s Geometric Design and Processing of Proton Exchange Membrane Guel Vell

2011 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Chong Da Lu ◽  
J.J. Wang ◽  
Dong Hui Wen
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Bipolar Plate ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Flow Channel ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Complex Flow ◽  
Graphite Sheet ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has high power density and energy conversion efficiency. Bipolar plate is one of the key components of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell, not only affects the performance of the battery, but also affects the cost of the battery, which is become a bottlenecks. This paper introduces several common forms of the bipolar plate flow channel of the PEMFC, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, and then some new type of flow channel type comes up after improvements on this basis, so the future development trend of fuel cells summed up is combined with bionics or using a complex flow field. An overview of the commonly used material and processing of the bipolar plate, respectively, graphite sheet, sheet metal and composite bipolar plates.

Comparison Between MCFC/Gas Turbine and MCFC/Steam Turbine Combined Power Plants

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Bove ◽  
Piero Lunghi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Thermodynamic Efficiency ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Worldwide, the main power source to produce electric energy is represented by fossil fuels, principally used at the present time in large combustion power plants. The main environmental impacts of fossil fuel-fired power plants are the use of non-renewable resources and pollutants emissions. An improvement in electric efficiency would yield a reduction in emissions and resources depletion. In fact, if efficiency is raised, in order to produce an amount unit of electric energy, less fuel is required and consequently less pollutants are released. Moreover, higher efficiency leads to economic savings in operating costs. A generally accepted way of improving efficiency is to combine power plants’ cycles. If one of the combined plants is represented by a fuel cell, both thermodynamic efficiency and emissions level are improved. Fuel cells, in fact, are ultra-clean high efficiency energy conversion devices because no combustion occurs in energy production, but only electrochemical reactions and consequently no NOx and CO are produced inside the cell. Moreover, the final product of the reaction is water that can be released into the atmosphere without particular problems. Second generation fuel cells (Solid Oxide FC and Molten Carbonate FC) are particularly suitable for combining cycles, due to their high operating temperature. In previous works, the authors had analyzed the possibility of combining Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell (MCFC) plant with a Gas Turbine and then a MCFC with a Steam Turbine Plant. Results obtained show that both these configurations allow to obtain high conversion efficiencies and reduced emissions. In the present work, a comparison between MCFC-Gas Turbine and MCFC-Steam Turbine is conducted in order to evaluate the main advantages and disadvantages in adopting one solution instead of the other one.

A Dynamic Model of a Shipboard PEM Fuel Cell Reformer System With an Integrated Gas Turbine

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven P. Miller ◽  
John M. Heinzel ◽  
John H. Kuseian ◽  
Donald J. Hoffman ◽  
Edward M. House ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Hydrogen Yield ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Air Supply

A dynamic model is presented that predicts the transient characteristics of an integrated autothermal fuel reformer and gas turbine engine for extracting a high purity stream of hydrogen from logistical fuels such as F76 marine diesel or JP-5 for use in a shipboard proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell power plant. The model incorporates a water-gas shift reactor for increasing hydrogen yield, and a separation membrane for extracting a pure stream of hydrogen gas from the reformer output. Compressed air supply and energy recovery is achieved by an integrated gas turbine generator. The dynamic model serves as a testing ground for the development of control methodologies and to predict limitations in transient response during electrical load variations.

scholarly journals High-Efficiency Combined Heat and Power through a High-Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell and Gas Turbine Hybrid System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12515
Author(s):  
Gabriele Loreti ◽  
Andrea Luigi Facci ◽  
Stefano Ubertini
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Exchange Membrane

High-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells are a promising technology for distributed power generation thanks to their high-power density, high efficiency, low emissions, fast start-up, and excellent dynamic characteristics, together with their high tolerance to CO poisoning (i.e., CO in the feed up to 3%). In this paper, we present an innovative, simple, and efficient hybrid high-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cell gas turbine combined heat and power system whose fuel processor relies on partial oxidation. Moreover, we demonstrate that the state-of-the-art fuel processors based on steam reformation may not be the optimal choice for high-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cells’ power plants. Through steady-state modeling, we determine the optimal operating conditions and the performance of the proposed innovative power plant. The results show that the proposed hybrid combined heat and power system achieves an electrical efficiency close to 50% and total efficiency of over 85%, while a state-of-the-art system based on steam reformation has an electrical efficiency lower than 45%. The proposed innovative plant consists of a regenerative scheme with a limited power ratio between the turbine and fuel cell and limited optimal compression ratio. Therefore, micro-gas turbines are the most fitting type of turbomachinery for the hybrid system.

Performance Study of a Bi-Cell Piezoelectric Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell With a Nozzle and Diffuser

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiao-Kang Ma ◽  
Jyun-Sheng Wang ◽  
Wei-Han Su ◽  
Wei-Yang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
System Output ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Diffuser Angle ◽  
Cell Module

Previous studies of a bi-cell piezoelectric proton exchange membrane fuel cell with a nozzle and diffuser (PZT-PEMFC-ND bi-cell) have shown that the performance of the PZT-PEMFC-ND bi-cell could be 1.6 times greater than that of the single cell when the proper aspect ratio (AR) of 11.25 and the diffuser angle of 5° are applied to the diffuser. In this study, the novel pseudo-bipolar bi-cell module was designated parallel with an 8 cm2 reaction area, an AR of 5.63, and a diffuser angle 10°. The bi-cell module was operated under various operating conditions, including different operating temperatures, bi-cell circuit and intake module on anode, the performance of the bi-cell and the two component cells, and to optimize the integrated system output. The pump performance of the PZT-PEMFC-ND may be influenced by the asymmetric amplitude of the PZT device. The asymmetric amplitude results in different air flow rates through the cathode chamber of the component cells and in different current outputs for the component cells. For the different intake modules, the power of bi-cells at flow parallel and series will produce maximum power as 0.283 W cm−2 and 0.263 W cm−2, respectively. The power consumption of the PZT device should be taken into consideration when determining the net power of the PZT-PEMFC-ND bi-cell. In this study, the maximum net power of the bi-cell was found to be 0.7W.

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