Fragility Analysis for Highway Bridges in Taiwan

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. I. Liao ◽  
C. H. Loh
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Fragility Analysis ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
New Classification ◽  
The North ◽  
Damage States

This paper presents the methods developed to enhance the transportation lifelines module in HAZ-Taiwan for highway bridges. The objective of this paper is to define the bridge classification and provide the fragility functions of the North-South Freeway in Taiwan that by utilize the available investigation data. The organization of this paper is as follows. First, the available bridge classes of the North-South freeway in Taiwan are reviewed and a new classification based on the available data to be implemented in Haz-Taiwan is proposed. Second, the description of failure mechanisms and criteria in different damage states adopted in this research are summarized. Third, the theoretical methodology of the fragility analysis for the new bridge classes and examples for freeway bridges are presented. Parameters for describing the fragility functions for each class are also generated and shown in the paper.

Preliminary Study on the Fragility of Building Structures in Taiwan

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-I. Liao ◽  
Bor-Han Lee ◽  
Chin-Hsiung Loh
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Fragility Analysis ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Relative Damage ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Earthquake Loss ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
And Performance

This paper describes procedures of fragility analysis for building structures in earthquake loss estimation methodology in Taiwan (Haz-Taiwan system). The main objective of this paper is to define the building classification, relative damage states and provide the fragility functions for the general building structures in Taiwan that by utilize the available data. First, the available classes of the building structures in Taiwan are reviewed and a classification based on the available data to be implemented in Haz-Taiwan system is proposed. Second, the description of failure mechanisms and performance criteria based on the collected experimental data for different damage states that adopted in this research are proposed. Third, the theoretical methodology of the fragility analysis for the adopted building classes is introduced. Parameters for describing the fragility functions for each class are also generated and shown in the Table.

Structural Performance of Bridges in the Tohoku-Oki Earthquake

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 315-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Kawashima ◽  
Ian Buckle
Keyword(s):  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Elastomeric Bearings ◽  
Tsunami Inundation ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Ground Failure ◽  
Kobe Earthquake ◽  
The North ◽  
Bridge Damage ◽  
Bridge Performance ◽  
Insight Into

Including minor nonstructural damage, over 1,500 highway bridges and numerous rail bridges were damaged during the Tohoku-oki earthquake of 11 March 2011. The causes of this damage can be broadly classified in two categories: ground shaking, including ground failure (liquefaction); and tsunami inundation. Damage included span unseating, column shear and flexural failures, approach fill erosion, liquefaction induced settlement, and failed steel and elastomeric bearings. Since many bridges in the north Miyagi-ken and south Iwate-ken suffered extensive damage during the 1978 Miyagi-ken-oki earthquake, bridge performance during the 2011 earthquake is of particular interest. Advances in design and retrofit may be assessed by looking at the performance of bridges designed to post-1990 codes and those retrofitted since the Kobe earthquake in 1995. In both categories, bridge damage due to ground shaking was minor, thus validating the provisions in the post-1990 codes and the Japan bridge retrofit program. Damage that did occur due to ground shaking was mainly to bridges not yet retrofitted or only partly so. Tsunami-related damage included complete loss of span and erosion of backfills. However, many bridges survived, despite being totally submerged, and their performance gives insight into the potential design of tsunami-resistant bridges.

Analysis of Seismic Fragility Functions of Highway Embankments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Hübner ◽  
András Mahler
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Seismic Fragility ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Ground Response ◽  
Ground Response Analysis ◽  
Fragility Function ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Log Normal

Vulnerability assessment of structures is a vitally important topic among earthquake engineering researchers. Generally, their primary focus is on the seismic performance of buildings. Less attention is paid to geotechnical structures, even though information about the performance of these structures (e.g. road embankments, levees, cuts) during an earthquake is essential for planning remediation and rescue efforts after disasters. In this paper the seismic fragility functions of a highway embankment are defined following an analytical methodolgy. The technique is a displacement-based evaluation of seismic vulnerability. Displacements of an embankment during a seismic event are approximated by a 2-D nonlinear ground response analysis using the finite element method. The numerical model was calibrated based on the results of a 1-D nonlinear ground response analysis. The expected displacements were calculated for 3 different embankment heights and Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) values between 0,05 and 0,35g. Based on the results of the 2-D finite element analysis, the relationship between displacements and different seismic intensity measures (PGA, Arias-intensity) was investigated. Different damage states were considered, and the probability of their exceedance was investigated. The seismic fragility functions of the embankments were developed based on probability of exceedance of these different damage states based on a log-normal fragility function. The legitimacy of using a log-normal fragility function is also examined.

Damage states and fragility functions for link beams in eccentrically braced frames

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 1299-1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kerem Gulec ◽  
Bruce Gibbons ◽  
Albert Chen ◽  
Andrew S. Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Braced Frames ◽  
Eccentrically Braced Frames ◽  
Damage States

DIAGNOSIS OF BRIDGE BEARINGS BASED ON FIELD MEASUREMENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naho Shibasaki ◽  
Mariko Ikeda ◽  
Masahiro Sakano
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Live Load ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
The North ◽  
Perfect Performance ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Bridge Bearings ◽  
Horizontal Moving

Bridge bearings are the structural members which are installed at the connection between superstructure and substructure in a bridge. They are expected to transfer load between superstructure and substructure, and to accommodate expansion and rotation of superstructure due to live load and temperature change. Bridges are designed based on whole structure models in which bearings show perfect performance. If bearings are deteriorated, the structure system of the whole bridge should be changed, and some damage may occur in superstructure and substructure. Therefore, it is of great importance to maintain bearings in good conditions. In this study, we try to establish quantitative evaluation method for required basic functions (load supporting, horizontal moving and rotating function) of bridge bearings as the structural member, through measuring displacement and stress in several highway bridges in the north area of Japan.

Late Paleozoic edrioasteroids (Echinodermata) from the North American Midcontinent

1996 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin D. Sumrall
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Late Paleozoic ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
New Classification ◽  
The North ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
To Receive

A new classification is proposed for late Paleozoic Edrioasteroidea (Echinodermata), separating forms with the advanced clavate thecal design from those with the ancestral pyrgate thecal design, and a new Subfamily Discocystinae is erected to receive the clavate agelacrinitid edrioasteroids. Lepidodiscus Meek and Worthen is restricted to the pyrgate type species L. squamosus (Meek and Worthen) and two unnamed species, whereas the clavate L. laudoni (Bassler) is assigned to Clavidiscus, new genus. The clavate Discocystis priesti Strimple and three new species, Hypsiclavus kinsleyi, new genus and species, Hypsiclavus huntsvillensis, new genus and species, and Hypsiclavus guensburgi, new genus and species, are placed in Hypsiclavus, new genus. Bostryclavus, new genus, is erected to receive Echinodiscus sampsoni Miller. A redescription of Discocystis kaskaskiensis (Hall) and a diagnosis of Spiraclavus Sumrall are included for completeness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document