Analysis of Seismic Fragility Functions of Highway Embankments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Hübner ◽  
András Mahler
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Seismic Fragility ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Ground Response ◽  
Ground Response Analysis ◽  
Fragility Function ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Log Normal

Vulnerability assessment of structures is a vitally important topic among earthquake engineering researchers. Generally, their primary focus is on the seismic performance of buildings. Less attention is paid to geotechnical structures, even though information about the performance of these structures (e.g. road embankments, levees, cuts) during an earthquake is essential for planning remediation and rescue efforts after disasters. In this paper the seismic fragility functions of a highway embankment are defined following an analytical methodolgy. The technique is a displacement-based evaluation of seismic vulnerability. Displacements of an embankment during a seismic event are approximated by a 2-D nonlinear ground response analysis using the finite element method. The numerical model was calibrated based on the results of a 1-D nonlinear ground response analysis. The expected displacements were calculated for 3 different embankment heights and Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) values between 0,05 and 0,35g. Based on the results of the 2-D finite element analysis, the relationship between displacements and different seismic intensity measures (PGA, Arias-intensity) was investigated. Different damage states were considered, and the probability of their exceedance was investigated. The seismic fragility functions of the embankments were developed based on probability of exceedance of these different damage states based on a log-normal fragility function. The legitimacy of using a log-normal fragility function is also examined.

scholarly journals Seismic Ground Response Estimation Based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 10760
Author(s):  
Seokgyeong Hong ◽  
Huyen-Tram Nguyen ◽  
Jongwon Jung ◽  
Jaehun Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Earthquake Engineering ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
The Other ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Ground Response ◽  
Ground Response Analysis ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Seismic Ground Response ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Main Model

One of the purposes of earthquake engineering is to mitigate the damages in buildings and infrastructures and, therefore, reduce the impact of earthquakes on society. Seismic ground response analysis refers to the process of evaluating the ground surface motions based on the bedrock motion. On the other hand, deep learning techniques have been developing fast, and they are establishing their application in the civil engineering field. This study proposes two convolutional neural network (CNN) models to estimate the seismic response of the surface based on the seismic motion measured at 100 m level beneath the surface, and selected the one which outperforms the other as the main model. The performances of the main model are compared with those of a physical software SHAKE2000. Twelve sites that include 100 earthquake datasets, whose moment magnitude is higher than 6 and PGA is higher than 0.1 g were selected. In addition, the corresponding earthquake datasets are used for the CNN model. Whereas the conventional software overestimated the values of the amplitudes for most of the sites, the proposed CNN model predicts fairly well both the values of the amplitudes and the natural periods where responses amplify the most with few exceptions. The proposed model especially outperforms the conventional software when the natural periods range from 0.01 to 0.3 s. For specific sites, the average mean squared errors of the proposed model are even dozens of times lower than those of the physical conventional software.

Assessment of Seismic Performance of High-Rise Thin RC Wall Buildings in Lima, Peru Using Fragility Functions

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1026-1031
Author(s):  
Luis G. Quiroz ◽  
◽  
Yoshihisa Maruyama
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Fragility Functions ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Response ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Seismic Loss ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Log Normal ◽  
Full Scale Tests

The actual behavior of thin RC wall high-rise buildings during an earthquake in Lima, Peru, and the associated seismic loss is unknown. This type of building was assessed done using analytical fragility functions. The numerical model was based on full-scale tests done in Lima, Peru. Nonlinear dynamic response analysis was performed using records simulated for Lima. The damage ratio was estimated for four damage states and fragility functions were obtained assuming that the damage ratio followed log-normal distributions. Seismic performance was evaluated by considering the probability of different damage states for three seismic hazard levels. It was found that highrise buildings present a low probability of collapse in severe earthquakes.

scholarly journals 2-DIMENSIONAL GROUND RESPONSE ANALYSIS: A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Norazah Arjuna ◽  
Azlan Adnan ◽  
Nabilah Abu Bakar ◽  
Nabila Huda Aizon ◽  
Noor Sheena Herayani Harith
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Ground Response ◽  
Ground Response Analysis ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Seismic Risk Mitigation

Earthquake is one of the natural disasters that is caused by ground shaking in soil. Ground response analysis is conducted to obtain the ground motion acceleration on soil surface. Conventional 1-D ground response analysis often suggests that soils are horizontally layered, with little consideration for heterogeneous distribution of soil properties. In this study, literature on 2-D ground response analysis studies has been study as it covers vertically and horizontally waves. Therefore, researcher works were presented in numerical modelling as substantial parameters for studies in near-surface structure. Besides, aspects for future research in the area 2-Dimensional Ground Response Analysis are included. The paper contributes to the under- standing of 2-Dimensional Ground Response Analysis for the application of seismic risk mitigation.

Ground Response Analysis of Representative Sites of Hawassa City

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Besrat E. Alemu ◽  
Asrat Worku ◽  
Getnet M. Wassie ◽  
Genet T. Habtesellasie
Keyword(s):  
Response Analysis ◽  
Ground Response ◽  
Ground Response Analysis

Site-Specific Ground Motion Studies for a Deep Soil Site Near Ahmedabad, Gujarat

2018 ◽  
pp. 31-65
Author(s):  
A. Boominathan ◽  
Krishna Kumar ◽  
R. Vijaya
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Response Analysis ◽  
Ground Response ◽  
Ground Response Analysis ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Linear Approach ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Soil Site ◽  
A Site

Design ground motions are usually developed by one of two approaches: by performing site-specific analyses or from provisions of building codes. Although contemporary codes consider the site effects to an extent, they provide more conservative estimates. Hence, site-specific analysis, which involves both the seismic hazard analysis and ground response analysis, is a preferred approach to obtain design ground motions. This chapter presents a site-specific analysis for a site near Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The seismic hazard analysis was carried out by DSHA approach. The site is predominantly characterized by deep stiff sandy clay deposits. Extensive shear wave velocity measurement is used for site classification and ground response analysis. The ground response analysis was carried out by using two approaches: the equivalent linear approach using SHAKE2000 and the non-linear approach using FLAC2D. The deep-stiff-soil site is found to amplify the ground motion. The response from nonlinear analysis is found to be considerably higher than those obtained from the equivalent linear approach.

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