scholarly journals The Long-Term Corrosion Test Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
David V. Fix ◽  
Raul B. Rebak
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Test ◽  
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Environmentally Assisted Cracking ◽  
Alloy 22 ◽  
Testing Susceptibility ◽  
Standard Weight

The long-term corrosion test facility (LTCTF) at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) consisted of 22 vessels that housed more than 7,000 corrosion test specimens from carbon steels to highly corrosion resistant materials such Alloy 22 and Ti Grade 7. The specimens from LTCTF range from standard weight-loss coupons to U-bend specimens for testing susceptibility to environmentally assisted cracking. Each vessel contained approximately 1000 liters of concentrated brines at 60°C or 90°C. The LTCTF started its operations in late 1996. Thousands of specimens were removed from the LTCTF in August-September 2006. The specimens are being catalogued and stored for future characterization. Previously removed specimens (e.g. 1 and 5 years) are also archived for further studies.

Corrosion Resistance and Mechanical Properties of Carbon Steel under a High Temperature Pressurized Water

2007 ◽  
Vol 345-346 ◽  
pp. 1027-1030
Author(s):  
Sang Ll Lee ◽  
Moon Hee Lee ◽  
Jin Kyung Lee ◽  
Dong Su Bae ◽  
Joon Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Test ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Corrosion Strength

The long-term corrosion strength properties for the carbon steels under pressurized water atmosphere have been investigated, in the conjunction with the detailed analysis of their microstructures. The corrosion test for carbon steels was carried out at the temperature of 200°C under a water pressure of 10 MPa. The corrosion test samples were maintained up to 50 weeks in the tube shaped reactor. The mechanical strength and the microstucture of carbon steels suffered from the long term corrosion test were evaluated by SEM, XRD and tensile test. The weight loss of carbon steel by the corrosion test was also examined. The tensile strength of carbon steels decreased with the increase of corrosion time under a pressurized water atmosphere, accompanying the creation of severe corrosion damages like stress corrosion crack.

Characterization of the Corrosion Behavior of Alloy 22 after Five Years Immersion in Multi-ionic Solutions

2002 ◽  
Vol 757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lana L. Wong ◽  
David V. Fix ◽  
John C. Estill ◽  
R. Daniel McCright ◽  
Raúl B. Rebak
Keyword(s):  
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Uniform Corrosion ◽  
Waste Container ◽  
Alloy 22

ABSTRACTAlloy 22 (N06022) is the candidate material for the corrosion resistant, outer barrier of the nuclear waste container. Two of the potential corrosion degradation modes of the container are uniform corrosion and localized corrosion. A testing program is under way at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to determine the susceptibility of Alloy 22 to these two forms of corrosion using immersion tests. Metallic coupons are being exposed to several electrolyte solutions simulating concentrated underground water from pH 3 to 10 at 60°C and 90°C. This paper describes the results obtained after more than a five-year exposure of 122 specimens to the testing electrolyte solutions. Results show little general corrosion and the absence of localized corrosion. The maximum general corrosion rate was 23 nm/yr.

High Temperature Corrosion Behaviors of Carbon Steels by A Pressurized Water

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 1063-1066
Author(s):  
Sang Ll Lee ◽  
Moon Hee Lee ◽  
Jin Kyung Lee ◽  
Joon Hyun Lee ◽  
Yu Sik Kong
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Ultrasonic Wave ◽  
Corrosion Test ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Acoustic Emission Sensor ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
Corrosion Behaviors

The long-term corrosion resistances for the carbon steels have been investigated under high temperature pressurized water atmosphere, in the conjunction with the analysis of nondestructive properties by the ultrasonic wave. The corrosion test for carbon steels was carried out at the temperature of 200 °C under a water pressure of 10 MPa. The corrosion test cycles for carbon steels were changed up to 65 weeks. The mechanical properties of carbon steel suffered from the corrosion cycle were investigated by a tensile test, attaching an acoustic emission sensor on the test sample. The tensile strength of carbon steels greatly decreased beyond the corrosion cycle of 35 weeks, accompanying the increase of weight loss by the creation of corrosion damages. The attenuation coefficient of carbon steels by the ultrasonic wave increased with the increase of corrosion cycles.

scholarly journals Operation of the 8-T, 1-m-diameter test facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

1981 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 2230-2233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zbasnik ◽  
D. Cornish ◽  
R. Scanlan ◽  
R. Leber ◽  
M. Chaplin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Test Facility

scholarly journals AMS Radiocarbon Dating of Ancient Iron Artifacts: A New Carbon Extraction Method in Use at LLNL

Radiocarbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (2A) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea C Cook ◽  
Jeffrey Wadsworth ◽  
John R Southon
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Hydrogen Reduction ◽  
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Ancient Iron ◽  
Iron Artifacts ◽  
Quartz Tubes

A new sealed double tube combustion method was developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) to extract carbon from modern steels and ancient iron artifacts. Iron samples were chemically pretreated with 10% nitric acid, vacuum sealed in 6 mm quartz tubes with CuO, vacuum sealed again inside 9 mm quartz tubes, and combusted at 1000 °C for a minimum of 10 hr. The resulting CO2 was graphitized routinely using hydrogen reduction (Vogel et al. 1989). After the initial phase of development, carbon yields of 100% were consistently obtained. The activities of two modern high carbon steels (treated as process blanks, manufactured using only coal as the carbon source) were determined to be 0.0077 ± 0.0009 (n = 12, ± 1 σ) for a 1.3% C steel and 0.0090 ± 0.0038 (n = 12, ± 1 σ) for a 1.9% C steel, indicating that very little contamination is introduced during the sample preparation process. Since the Iron Age began less than 5000 years ago, these background uncertainties should introduce errors of no more than ±30 years to the radiocarbon ages of actual artifacts. Two ancient iron artifacts of known date were analyzed and demonstrate that the new methodology can be used to obtain the correct date of manufacture for iron objects, provided that they are made exclusively using charcoal that was contemporaneous with the manufacture of the artifact. Since only 1 mg of carbon is required for accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), very small iron samples can now be analyzed (50 mg of a 2.0% C iron or 1 g of a 0.1% C iron). We anticipate that this methodology will be particularly useful to archeologists who currently have to rely on context to date iron artifacts.

scholarly journals Long-Term Immersion Testing of Alloy 22 and Titanium Grade 7 Double U-Bend Specimens

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Evans ◽  
Marshall L. Stuart ◽  
Phillip D. Hailey ◽  
Raul B. Rebak
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Localized Corrosion ◽  
General Corrosion ◽  
Saturated Water ◽  
Environmentally Assisted Cracking ◽  
Alloy 22 ◽  
Immersion Testing ◽  
Titanium Grade ◽  
Scanning Electron

Double U-bend specimens of Alloy 22 (N06022) and Titanium Grade 7 (R52400) were exposed to a naturally aerated concentrated Basic Saturated Water (BSW) electrolyte at 105°C for over six years. Different type of discoloration of the Ti Gr 7 and Alloy 22 specimens was observed. General Corrosion was minimal and not distinguishable under a scanning electron microscope. None of the tested specimens suffered environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) or localized corrosion under the tested conditions. The specimens retained their residual stress after the long environmental exposure.

scholarly journals Experimental program for the Princeton Ion Source Test Facility

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-574
Author(s):  
L.R. Grisham ◽  
E.P. Gilson ◽  
I. Kaganovich ◽  
J.W. Kwan ◽  
A. Stepanov
Keyword(s):  
Ion Beam ◽  
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ion Source ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Parallel Plates ◽  
Source Test

AbstractA 100 kV ion source test stand formerly operated at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has been relocated to Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, where it is being installed and prepared for operation. A variety of topics relevant to ion-beam-driven high energy density physics and heavy ion fusion will be explored at this facility. The practicality of magnetic insulation to improve the performance of electrostatic accelerators will be investigated by determining whether a pair of parallel plates forming a high-voltage gap can sustain higher electric field gradients, when an electric current is passed through the electrode at the cathode potential so as to produce a magnetic field, which is everywhere parallel to the surface. The facility will also be used to develop and characterize improved plasma sources for space charge neutralization of intense ion beam systems such as the Neutralized Drift Compression Experiment-II facility. The negative halogen ion beam and ion-ion plasma studies previously initiated when this test facility was located at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory will be resumed, and other experimental topics are also under consideration.

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