Adaptation of self-tuning spectral clustering and CNN texture model for detection of threats in volumetric CT images

Author(s):  
Samuel M. Song ◽  
Namho Kim ◽  
Jongkyu Lee ◽  
Matthew Wood ◽  
Simon Bedford ◽  
...  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 622-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjie Jia ◽  
Shifei Ding ◽  
Mingjing Du

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrajeet Kumar ◽  
Jyoti Rawat

Abstract The manual diagnostic tests performed in laboratories for pandemic disease such as COVID19 is time-consuming, requires skills and expertise of the performer to yield accurate results. Moreover, it is very cost ineffective as the cost of test kits is high and also requires well-equipped labs to conduct them. Thus, other means of diagnosing the patients with presence of SARS-COV2 (the virus responsible for COVID19) must be explored. A radiography method like chest CT images is one such means that can be utilized for diagnosis of COVID19. The radio-graphical changes observed in CT images of COVID19 patient helps in developing a deep learning-based method for extraction of graphical features which are then used for automated diagnosis of the disease ahead of laboratory-based testing. The proposed work suggests an Artificial Intelligence (AI) based technique for rapid diagnosis of COVID19 from given volumetric CT images of patient’s chest by extracting its visual features and then using these features in the deep learning module. The proposed convolutional neural network is deployed for classifying the infectious and non-infectious SARS-COV2 subjects. The proposed network utilizes 746 chests scanned CT images of which 349 images belong to COVID19 positive cases while remaining 397 belong negative cases of COVID19. The extensive experiment has been completed with the accuracy of 98.4 %, sensitivity of 98.5 %, the specificity of 98.3 %, the precision of 97.1 %, F1score of 97.8 %. The obtained result shows the outstanding performance for classification of infectious and non-infectious for COVID19 cases.


Author(s):  
Christopher R John ◽  
David Watson ◽  
Michael R Barnes ◽  
Costantino Pitzalis ◽  
Myles J Lewis

Abstract Motivation Clustering patient omic data is integral to developing precision medicine because it allows the identification of disease subtypes. A current major challenge is the integration multi-omic data to identify a shared structure and reduce noise. Cluster analysis is also increasingly applied on single-omic data, for example, in single cell RNA-seq analysis for clustering the transcriptomes of individual cells. This technology has clinical implications. Our motivation was therefore to develop a flexible and effective spectral clustering tool for both single and multi-omic data. Results We present Spectrum, a new spectral clustering method for complex omic data. Spectrum uses a self-tuning density-aware kernel we developed that enhances the similarity between points that share common nearest neighbours. It uses a tensor product graph data integration and diffusion procedure to reduce noise and reveal underlying structures. Spectrum contains a new method for finding the optimal number of clusters (K) involving eigenvector distribution analysis. Spectrum can automatically find K for both Gaussian and non-Gaussian structures. We demonstrate across 21 real expression datasets that Spectrum gives improved runtimes and better clustering results relative to other methods. Availability and implementation Spectrum is available as an R software package from CRAN https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/Spectrum/index.html. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.


Author(s):  
Yuchen Pei ◽  
Wenjin Xia ◽  
Xiuying Wang ◽  
Jieyu Li ◽  
Hongwei Ye ◽  
...  

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