Color Separation Positives in Sequence on 35mm Continuous Tone, Panchromatic Black and White Microfilm for Low Cost Archiving of Color Images

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin L. Warnock
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Color Separation ◽  
Continuous Tone

scholarly journals Color Metallography

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
George F. Vander Voort
Keyword(s):  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Human Eye ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Color Metallography ◽  
The Cost

Color has historically seen limited use in metallography, mainly due to the cost of film and prints and the difficulty and cost of reproducing images in publications. However, with the growth of digital imaging, capturing color images is much simpler and cheaper. Also, printing images in color is inexpensive for in-house reports, and can be distributed cheaply on CDs, although reproduction in journals is still expensive. Color does have many advantages over black and white. First, the human eye is sensitive to only about forty shades of gray from white to black, but is sensitive to a vast number of colors. Tint etchants reveal features in the microstructure that often cannot be revealed using standard black and white etchants.

Some Considerations in the Design of Low Cost Remotely-Piloted Aircraft for Civil Remote Sensing Applications

1983 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Tomlins
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Site Mapping ◽  
Remotely Piloted Aircraft

Early in 1982, B.C. Research began to evaluate the feasibility, advantages and limitations of using Remotely-Piloted Aircraft (RPA) to acquire aerial photography in environmental applications. Advantages associated with these aircraft include low costs, ease of operation, low noise levels, portability, safety and very low speed-low altitude capability. In the first phase of this program, a three-meter span fixed-wing aircraft was constructed from a commercial model kit and modified to carry a remotely-operated 35 mm camera system. In summer 1982, this system was used to acquire aerial photography in a variety of applications including forestry, pollution detection, wildlife habitat assessment, site mapping, publicity, wildlife inventories and shoreline mapping. Various operational limitations were encountered including difficulty of navigation and aircraft control, the fragility of the “model” airframe and its limited payload capability. These limitations are being addressed in Phase II of the program, during which a purpose-built airframe is under development, equipped with automatic flight controllers and emergency systems, and employing digitally-encoded radio signals for secure aircraft command. A black-and-white video camera installed in the airframe provides real-time imagery as an aid to navigation and photoframing.

Transgenic expression of a GFP-rhodopsin COOH-terminal fusion protein in zebrafish rod photoreceptors

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-547
Author(s):  
BRIAN D. PERKINS ◽  
PAMELA M. KAINZ ◽  
DONALD M. O'MALLEY ◽  
JOHN E. DOWLING
Keyword(s):  
Fusion Protein ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Rod Photoreceptors ◽  
Transgenic Expression ◽  
Visual Neuroscience ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Production Error

(Article appeared in Visual Neuroscience (2002), 19, 257–264.)Due to a production error, we are reprinting the following article because the color images were printed in black and white. The color images are so very important to the understanding of this article, we are reprinting it here with the color images in place.

scholarly journals Ozonized water used as complementary therapy for stomatitis in Salvator merianae – case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e280101119550
Author(s):  
Lucas Micael Freire Pereira ◽  
Fabiano Rocha Prazeres Júnior ◽  
João Vitor de Oliveira Gurgel ◽  
Vanessa Silva Santana ◽  
Leonardo Lomba Mayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Ozone Therapy ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Family ◽  
Stimulation Of

The Argentine black and white tegu (Salvator merianae) is a reptile belonging to the family Teiidae. Compared with other families, teiids are morphologically similar. However, their sizes vary considerably, with S. merianae being the largest endemic lizard in South America. The characteristics, habitat, and habits of S. merianae need to be investigated, to provide adequate ex situ adaptation opportunities and avoid accidents in the pet industry. One advancing complementary therapy is the use of ozone, which has potent antimicrobial action when applied topically, due to the oxidizing and healing effects resulting from the stimulation of tissue cell proliferation and remodeling. To generate information concerning ozone therapy, the treatment of stomatitis caused by Portland cement in an Argentine black and white tegu using ozonized water as a complementary therapy is reported. Fluid and antibiotic therapies (enrofloxacin, butorphanol, meloxicam, and sucralfate) were introduced, along with the daily rinsing of the oral cavity with freshly prepared ozonized water. No toxic effects relating to ozone use were observed, and its topical use as a complementary therapy proved to be low cost and highly efficient. These findings demonstrate the need to obtain knowledge concerning this therapy and promote its use in wild animals.      

scholarly journals MISIRoot: A Robotic Minimum Invasion in Situ Imaging System for Plant Root Phenotyping

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihang Song ◽  
Wei Qiu ◽  
Jian Jin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Root Phenotyping

Abstract Background: Plant root phenotyping technologies play an important role in breeding, plant protection, and other plant science research projects. The root phenotyping customers urgently need technologies that are low-cost, in situ, non-destructive to the roots, and suitable for the natural soil environment. Many recently developed root phenotyping methods such as minirhizotron, X-CT, and MRI scanners have their unique advantages in observing plant roots, but they also have disadvantages and cannot meet all the critical requirements simultaneously. Results: The study in this paper focuses on the development of a new plant root phenotyping robot that is minimally invasive to plants and working in situ inside natural soil, called “MISIRoot”. The MISIRoot system mainly consists of an industrial-level robotic arm, a mini-size camera with lighting set, a plant pot holding platform, and the image processing software for root recognition and feature extraction. MISIRoot can take high-resolution color images of the roots in soil with minimal disturbance to the root and reconstruct the plant roots’ three-dimensional (3D) structure at an accuracy of 0.1 mm. In a test assay, well-watered and drought-stressed groups of corn plants were measured by MISIRoot at V3, V4, and V5 stages. The system successfully acquired the RGB color images of the roots and extracted the 3D points cloud data containing the locations of the detected roots. The plants measured by MISIRoot and plants not measured (control) were carefully compared with the results from the Hyperspectral Imaging Facility (reference). No significant differences were found between the two groups of plants at different growth stages. Conclusion: The MISIRoot system recently developed at Purdue University has been proved effective in root phenotyping with multiple advantages: With a comparatively low cost and minimal invasion to the plant, this system can automatically measure the root’s 3D structure and take color images of the roots in ordinary soil media, and in situ. This system provides a new option for root phenotyping researchers and has a potential to be applied in a wide range of research topics such as breeding, plant protection and so on.

MISIRoot: A Robotic, Minimally Invasive, in Situ Imaging System for Plant Root Phenotyping

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1647-1658
Author(s):  
Wei Qiu ◽  
Jian Jin
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Root Phenotyping ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Non Destructive

HighlightsA non-destructive, in situ, and low-cost root phenotyping system was developed.The system can collect color images and 3D cloud points of corn roots in soil.When tested in a greenhouse, the scanning process did not cause significant disturbance of corn plants.The results showed significant differences in root growth for different watering treatments and growth stages.Abstract. Plant root phenotyping technologies play an important role in breeding, plant protection, and other plant science research projects. Root phenotyping researchers urgently need technologies that are low-cost, in situ, non-destructive to roots, and suitable for the natural soil environment. Many recently developed root phenotyping methods, such as minirhizotron, X-CT, and MRI scanners, have unique advantages in observing plant roots, but they also have disadvantages and cannot meet all the critical requirements simultaneously. This study focused on the development of a new plant root phenotyping robot, called MISIRoot, that is minimally invasive and works in situ in natural soil. The MISIRoot system mainly consists of an industrial-level robotic arm, a miniature camera with lighting, a plant pot holding platform, and image processing software for root recognition and feature extraction. MISIRoot can acquire high-resolution color images of roots in soil with minimal disturbance to the roots and measure the roots’ three-dimensional (3D) structure with an accuracy of 0.1 mm. In tests, well-watered and drought-stressed groups of corn plants were measured with MISIRoot at the V3, V4, and V5 growth stages. The system successfully acquired RGB color images of the roots and 3D point cloud data containing the locations of the detected roots. The plants measured with MISIRoot and the plants not measured (control) were carefully compared with the results from a hyperspectral imaging facility (reference). No significant differences were found between the two groups of plants at different growth stages. Keywords: 3D point cloud, Low-cost phenotyping, Minimally invasive root measurement, Plant root phenotyping, Robotic arm application, Root imaging.

Instantaneous “Video Photography” with a Low-Cost Black-and-White Video Printer: Its Value in Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery

1986 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eljl Yanagisawa ◽  
Rondi K. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Head And Neck Surgery ◽  
Video Image ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Patient Counselling ◽  
Black And White

Despite its shortcomings in black-and-white imagery and its print quality, the video printer described here is an inexpensive and convenient video image-printing instrument and is useful for documentation of anatomy and pathologic conditions of otolaryngologic structures. It is of great value in patient counselling and in development of a permanent pictorial record.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document