SU-EE-A4-01: Regional Change in Brain Perfusion, in Irradiated Normal Tissue: Correlation Study Between Perfusion MRI and Spatial Distribution of Radiation Dose Delivered

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (6Part2) ◽  
pp. 1900-1900
Author(s):  
D Spencer ◽  
C Igna ◽  
I Kay ◽  
A Chan ◽  
Z Kiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Perfusion Mri ◽  
Regional Change

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of gamma radiation dose rates from natural radionuclides and its radiological hazards in sediments along river Iju, Ogun state Nigeria

MethodsX ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 101086
Author(s):  
Omeje Maxwell ◽  
Adewoyin Olusegun O. ◽  
Joel Emmanuel S. ◽  
Ikechukwu Ijeh B. ◽  
Omeje Uchechukwu A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Radiological Hazards ◽  
Gamma Radiation Dose

scholarly journals 220Rn (Thoron) Geohazard in Room Air of Earthen Dwellings in Vietnam

Geofluids ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dương Nguyễn-Thuỳ ◽  
Hướng Nguyễn-Văn ◽  
Jan P. Schimmelmann ◽  
Nguyệt Thị Ánh Nguyễn ◽  
Kelsey Doiron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Inhalation Dose ◽  
Interior Walls

Thoron’s (220Rn) contribution to α-radiation exposure is usually considered negligible compared to that of 222Rn (radon). Despite its short half-life of 55.6 seconds, thoron can be exhaled from porous surface layers of building materials into indoor air where people subsequently inhale radioisotopes, including metallic radioactive progeny. Bare surfaces of dry porous soil with relatively high 232Th content can pose a thoron radiation hazard in indoor air. On northern Vietnam’s Đồng Văn karst plateau, the spatial distribution of thoron was determined in indoor air of traditional earthen and other types of dwellings using portable RAD7 and SARAD® RTM 2200 detectors. “Mud houses” are constructed with local compacted soil and typically do not have any floor or wall coverings (i.e., no plaster, wallpaper, or paint). Detailed measurements in a mud house revealed levels of thoron in room air averaging >500 Bq m-3. The spatial distribution of α-radiation from thoron in indoor air at a distance of about 1 m from interior walls was fairly homogeneous and averaged ~200 Bq m-3. Most concerning, from a human health perspective, were the high thoron concentrations of up to 884 Bq m-3 in sleeping areas near mud walls. The average annual thoron radiation dose to inhabitants of mud houses was estimated based on 13 hours of daily occupancy, including daily activities and sleeping. The estimated average thoron inhalation dose of 27.1 mSv a-1 during sleeping hours near mud surfaces accounts for nearly 75% of the total estimated radon and thoron inhalation dose of 37.4 mSv a-1 from indoor mud house air. Our conservative annual radiation dose estimates do not include subsequent radiation from inhaled metallic progeny of thoron. Our data demonstrate a significant human health risk from radiation exposure and a critical need for remediation in traditional northern Vietnamese mud house dwellings.

The Dose Constraint Calculation of High Radioactivity Level Waste Canister Surface

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Qianglin Wei ◽  
Hexi Wu ◽  
Xujia Luo ◽  
Yibao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate ◽  
Temporal And Spatial Distribution ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Dose Constraint ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
High Level ◽  
Neutron Dose Rate

Radiation dose and personnel protection are among the safety goals of geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste. The calculation of the dose field on the surface of the packaging container is of great significance for the research on the dose constraint value of the repository. This paper built model consulting the Sweden KBS-3 canister, the temporal and spatial distribution of the dose rate on canister surface was calculated by Monte Carlo method, the temporal and spatial distribution of radiation dose rate of the tunnel was obtained. The research results showed that the photon dose rate on canister surface was greater than the neutron dose rate by 4 to 6 orders of magnitude, and the dose value of repository tunnel within 100 thousand years was lower than the ICRP recommended dose limit value (0.3 mSv/a) by 5 orders of magnitude.

scholarly journals Mature Results of an Individualized Radiation Dose Prescription Study Based on Normal Tissue Constraints in Stages I to III Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1380-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela van Baardwijk ◽  
Stofferinus Wanders ◽  
Liesbeth Boersma ◽  
Jacques Borger ◽  
Michel Öllers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Late Toxicity ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
End Point ◽  
Grade 3

Purpose We previously showed that individualized radiation dose escalation based on normal tissue constraints would allow safe administration of high radiation doses with low complication rate. Here, we report the mature results of a prospective, single-arm study that used this individualized tolerable dose approach. Patients and Methods In total, 166 patients with stage III or medically inoperable stage I to II non–small-cell lung cancer, WHO performance status 0 to 2, a forced expiratory volume at 1 second and diffusing capacity of lungs for carbon monoxide ≥ 30% were included. Patients were irradiated using an individualized prescribed total tumor dose (TTD) based on normal tissue dose constraints (mean lung dose, 19 Gy; maximal spinal cord dose, 54 Gy) up to a maximal TTD of 79.2 Gy in 1.8 Gy fractions twice daily. Only sequential chemoradiation was administered. The primary end point was overall survival (OS), and the secondary end point was toxicity according to Common Terminology Criteria of Adverse Events (CTCAE) v3.0. Results The median prescribed TTD was 64.8 Gy (standard deviation, ± 11.4 Gy) delivered in 25 ± 5.8 days. With a median follow-up of 31.6 months, the median OS was 21.0 months with a 1-year OS of 68.7% and a 2-year OS of 45.0%. Multivariable analysis showed that only a large gross tumor volume significantly decreased OS (P < .001). Both acute (grade 3, 21.1%; grade 4, 2.4%) and late toxicity (grade 3, 4.2%; grade 4, 1.8%) were acceptable. Conclusion Individualized prescribed radical radiotherapy based on normal tissue constraints with sequential chemoradiation shows survival rates that come close to results of concurrent chemoradiation schedules, with acceptable acute and late toxicity. A prospective randomized study is warranted to further investigate its efficacy.

Determination of an optimum radiation dose in a tumor tissue-normal tissue system

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-208
Author(s):  
L. Ya. Klepper
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Tumor Tissue ◽  
Tissue System

scholarly journals CT brain perfusion: A static phantom study of contrast-to-noise ratio and radiation dose

2016 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stewart M Midgley ◽  
Damien L Stella ◽  
Bruce CV Campbell ◽  
Francesca Langenberg ◽  
Paul F Einsiedel
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Phantom Study ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Ct Brain

scholarly journals Pediatric Normal Tissue Effects in the Clinic (PENTEC): An International Collaboration to Analyse Normal Tissue Radiation Dose–Volume Response Relationships for Paediatric Cancer Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.S. Constine ◽  
C.M. Ronckers ◽  
C.-H. Hua ◽  
A. Olch ◽  
L.C.M. Kremer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
International Collaboration ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Paediatric Cancer ◽  
Tissue Effects ◽  
Dose Volume ◽  
Volume Response
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