scholarly journals The role of temporal cues in word identification by younger and older adults: Effects of sentence context

2008 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 3249-3260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Gordon-Salant ◽  
Grace Yeni-Komshian ◽  
Peter Fitzgibbons
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Word Identification ◽  
Sentence Context ◽  
Temporal Cues

scholarly journals Ageing and the misperception of words: Evidence from eye movements during reading

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayleigh L Warrington ◽  
Sarah J White ◽  
Kevin B Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Lexical Processing ◽  
Word Identification ◽  
Sentence Context ◽  
Age Difference ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Prior Context ◽  
Eye Movements During Reading

Research with lexical neighbours (words that differ by a single letter while the number and order of letters are preserved) indicates that readers frequently misperceive a word as its higher frequency neighbour (HFN) even during normal reading. But how this lexical influence on word identification changes across the adult lifespan is largely unknown, although slower lexical processing and reduced visual abilities in later adulthood may lead to an increased incidence of word misperception errors. In particular, older adults may be more likely than younger adults to misidentify a word as its HFN, especially when the HFN is congruent with prior sentence context, although this has not been investigated. Accordingly, to address this issue, young and older adults read sentences containing target words with and without an HFN, where the HFN was either congruent with prior sentence context or not. Consistent with previous findings for young adults, eye movements were disrupted more for words with than without an HFN, especially when the HFN was congruent with prior context. Crucially, however, there was no indication of an adult age difference in this word misperception effect. We discuss these findings in relation to the nature of misperception effects in older age.

Older Adults' Decline in Associative Memory: Assessing the Role of Speed of Processing and Attentional Resources

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Naveh-Benjamin ◽  
Susan Old ◽  
Yoko Hara ◽  
Jonathan Guez ◽  
Angela Kilb
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Associative Memory ◽  
Speed Of Processing ◽  
Attentional Resources

The Role of Dance to Improve Cognitive Function in the Older Adults: A Meta-Analytic Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
Yoongu Lee ◽  
Minseok Kwag ◽  
So-Mi Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Analytic Approach

Age Advantages of Emotional Experience during the COVID-19 Pandemic are Robust, but Diminished Compared to Pre-pandemic Conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Sun ◽  
Disa Sauter
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Prolonged Stress

Getting old is generally seen as unappealing, yet aging confers considerable advantages in several psychological domains (North & Fiske, 2015). In particular, older adults are better off emotionally than younger adults, with aging associated with the so-called “age advantages,” that is, more positive and less negative emotional experiences (Carstensen et al., 2011). Although the age advantages are well established, it is less clear whether they occur under conditions of prolonged stress. In a recent study, Carstensen et al (2020) demonstrated that the age advantages persist during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that older adults are able to utilise cognitive and behavioural strategies to ameliorate even sustained stress. Here, we build on Carstensen and colleagues’ work with two studies. In Study 1, we provide a large-scale test of the robustness of Carstensen and colleagues’ finding that older individuals experience more positive and less negative emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic. We measured positive and negative emotions along with age information in 23,629 participants in 63 countries in April-May 2020. In Study 2, we provide a comparison of the age advantages using representative samples collected before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We demonstrate that older people experience less negative emotion than younger people during the prolonged stress of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the advantage of older adults was diminished during the pandemic, pointing to a likely role of older adults use of situation selection strategies (Charles, 2010).

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