Separation of current and sound speed in the effective refractive index for a turbulent environment using reciprocal acoustic transmission

1998 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Di Iorio ◽  
David M. Farmer
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Sound Speed ◽  
Effective Refractive Index ◽  
Acoustic Transmission ◽  
Turbulent Environment

Controlling the Color and Effective Refractive Index of Metal-Anodic Aluminum Oxide (AAO)–Al Nanostructures: Morphology of AAO

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 957-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. V. Manzano ◽  
D. Ramos ◽  
L. Pethö ◽  
G. Bürki ◽  
J. Michler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Effective Refractive Index ◽  
Anodic Aluminum Oxide ◽  
Anodic Aluminum

scholarly journals NONLINEAR OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE STRUCTURE FOR SENSOR APPLICATION: TM CASE

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (30) ◽  
pp. 5075-5089 ◽  
Author(s):  
HALA M. KHALIL ◽  
MOHAMMED M. SHABAT ◽  
SOFYAN A. TAYA ◽  
MAZEN M. ABADLA
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Optical Waveguide ◽  
Effective Refractive Index ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Waveguide Structure ◽  
Analytical Expressions ◽  
Evanescent Waveguide ◽  
Waveguide Sensor

In this work, we present an extensive theoretical analysis of nonlinear optical waveguide sensor. The waveguide under consideration consists of a thin dielectrica film surrounded by a self-focused nonlinear cladding and a linear substrate. The nonlinearity of the cladding is considered to be of Kerr-type. Both cases, when the effective refractive index is greater and when it is smaller than the index of the guiding layer, are discussed. The sensitivity of the effective refractive index to any change in the cladding index in evanescent optical waveguide sensor is derived for TM modes. Closed form analytical expressions and normalized charts are given to provide the conditions required for the sensor to exhibit its maximum sensitivity. The results are compared with those of the well-known linear evanescent waveguide sensors.

scholarly journals Titania Photonic Crystals with Precise Photonic Band Gap Position via Anodizing with Voltage versus Optical Path Length Modulation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ermolaev ◽  
Kushnir ◽  
Sapoletova ◽  
Napolskii
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Titanium Oxide ◽  
Effective Refractive Index ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Voltage Versus ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Anodic Titanium Oxide ◽  
Photonic Band

Photonic crystals based on titanium oxide are promising for optoelectronic applications, for example as components of solar cells and photodetectors. These materials attract great research attention because of the high refractive index of TiO2. One of the promising routes to prepare photonic crystals based on titanium oxide is titanium anodizing at periodically changing voltage or current. However, precise control of the photonic band gap position in anodic titania films is a challenge. To solve this problem, systematic data on the effective refractive index of the porous anodic titanium oxide are required. In this research, we determine quantitatively the dependence of the effective refractive index of porous anodic titanium oxide on the anodizing regime and develop a model which allows one to predict and, therefore, control photonic band gap position in the visible spectrum range with an accuracy better than 98.5%. The prospects of anodic titania photonic crystals implementation as refractive index sensors are demonstrated.

scholarly journals Modes Effective Refractive Index Difference Measurement in Few-mode Optical Fiber

2016 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Zhifang Wu ◽  
Tianye Huang ◽  
Xuguang Shao ◽  
Ping Shum
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Effective Refractive Index ◽  
Difference Measurement ◽  
Refractive Index Difference

Light Propagation in Transparent Wood: Efficient Ray‐Tracing Simulation and Retrieving an Effective Refractive Index of Wood Scaffold

2021 ◽  
pp. 2100135
Author(s):  
Jiu Pang ◽  
Adil Baitenov ◽  
Céline Montanari ◽  
Archana Samanta ◽  
Lars Berglund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Effective Refractive Index ◽  
Light Propagation ◽  
Ray Tracing Simulation

ANALYSIS OF FORMING BLOOD ELEMENTS USING SURFACE PLASMON-POLARITON RESONANCE: MODEL OF TRANSITION LAYER

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 136-150
Author(s):  
Yu.M. Shirshov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Transition Layer ◽  
Effective Refractive Index ◽  
Internal Reflection ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Hard Part ◽  
Blood Elements

Despite the great practical importance, the control of blood by optical methods is enormously complicated by the strong scattering of light. This is especially true for formed blood elements (FBEs), which are a compact suspension that remains after plasma removal from blood by centrifugation. The study of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) in Kretchman’s geometry together with measurement of the angular dependence of the light internal reflection R( φ ) at the glass/ FBEs boundary is one of the few possibilities to obtain additional information about the structure and molecular composition of this complex inhomogeneous object. Measurement of R( φ ) for contact FBEs with the glass surface allows to determine the total internal reflection (TIR) angle and the effective refractive index N of the binary of erythrocytes-blood plasma mixture. At the same time, the comparison of the angles of TIR and SPR makes it possible to establish the presence of a transition layer between gold surface and the volume of FBEs. In addition, a detailed matching of the experimental dependence R( φ ) with one of calculated curve by regression method allows minimize the objective function and allows to establish a detailed model of the transition layer. The paper shows that the value of N is 1.4003...1.4008. According to the formula of the effective Bruggeman's medium, the packing density of erythrocytes in the volume of FBEs is about 85%, which is well matched with the data known from the literature. At the same time, at least two intermediate layers were detected at the gold /FBEs interface. (1) A layer 33–38 nm thick adjacent to the hydrophobic surface of the gold film and with a refractive index of N p = 1.356–1.357. Presumably, it is a binary phase with a liquid part in the form of water, a buffer solution or blood plasma and a hard part in the form of proteins non-specifically related to gold, most likely molecules of albumin and fibrinogen. (2) A thicker, transition-to- volume FBEs layer is most likely related to the edges curvature and marginal packing of erythrocytes; the effective thickness of this layer is d m = 130-200 nm, and the effective refractive index N m = 1.356... 1.369. The details of this transition layer are currently of considerable practical interest because they can reflect the physiological state of blood cells and whole body, and the parameters d m and N m can be useful from a biological or medical point of view.

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