Thinking Ethically About Professional Practice in Adapted Physical Activity

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna L. Goodwin ◽  
Brenda Rossow-Kimball
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Relational Ethics ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Adapted Physical Activity ◽  
Ethical Theories ◽  
Moral Issues

There has been little critical exploration of the ethical issues that arise in professional practice common to adapted physical activity. We cannot avoid moral issues as we inevitably will act in ways that will negatively affect the well-being of others. We will make choices, which in our efforts to support others, may hurt by violating dignity or infringing on rights. The aim of this paper is to open a dialogue on what constitutes ethical practice in adapted physical activity. Ethical theories including principlism, virtue ethics, ethics of care, and relational ethics provide a platform for addressing questions of right and good and wrong and bad in the field of adapted physical activity. Unpacking of stories of professional practice (including sacred, secret, and cover stories) against the lived experiences of persons experiencing disability will create a knowledge landscape in adapted physical activity that is sensitive to ethical reflection.

Sand in the Shorts: Experiences of Moral Discomfort in Adapted Physical Activity Professional Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-210
Author(s):  
Amanda Ebert ◽  
Donna L. Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Moral Dilemmas ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Relational Ethics ◽  
Adapted Physical Activity ◽  
Organizational Demands ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Fitness Programs

Adapted physical activity (APA) practitioners are encouraged to be reflexive practitioners, yet little is known about the moral dilemmas faced as they instruct inclusive physical activity or fitness programs. Professional landscape tensions may arise when diverse organizational demands, policies, traditions, and values merge. The study purpose was to explore how APA professionals experience and resolve moral discomfort in professional practice. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, seven APA professionals completed one-on-one semistructured interviews. The conceptual framework of relational ethics facilitated deep engagement with the professionals’ stories of navigating the ethical minefields of their practice. Four themes were developed from the thematic interpretative phenomenological analysis: The ass(et) of vulnerability, Friends or friendly? “We are fucked either way,” and Now what? Grappling with discomfort. The moral discomfort and strategies for resolution described by APA professionals highlighted the need for judgment-free pedagogical spaces where taken-for-granted practices can be contemplated and discussed.

The Ethics of Testing

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Garton
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Test Administration ◽  
Test Interpretation ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Test Use ◽  
Test Usage

This paper is concerned with ethical issues in the practice and administration of tests. Some broad principles related to the knowledge required for test usage are described, together with the skills necessary for competent test use. Ethical practice in relation to test users, training in testing, test administration, test interpretation and test instruments is also examined. The focus then changes to a consideration of the more general ethical principles that apply to professional practice and are equally applicable to testing. A final section examines the relevance of these issues for career guidance practitioners and also some recent professional developments that will encourage ethical practice in testing.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethics

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keng Siau ◽  
Weiyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Machine Ethics ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
Self Driving Cars

Artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology has achieved many great things, such as facial recognition, medical diagnosis, and self-driving cars. AI promises enormous benefits for economic growth, social development, as well as human well-being and safety improvement. However, the low-level of explainability, data biases, data security, data privacy, and ethical problems of AI-based technology pose significant risks for users, developers, humanity, and societies. As AI advances, one critical issue is how to address the ethical and moral challenges associated with AI. Even though the concept of “machine ethics” was proposed around 2006, AI ethics is still in the infancy stage. AI ethics is the field related to the study of ethical issues in AI. To address AI ethics, one needs to consider the ethics of AI and how to build ethical AI. Ethics of AI studies the ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that are related to AI. Ethical AI is an AI that performs and behaves ethically. One must recognize and understand the potential ethical and moral issues that may be caused by AI to formulate the necessary ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations for AI (i.e., Ethics of AI). With the appropriate ethics of AI, one can then build AI that exhibits ethical behavior (i.e., Ethical AI). This paper will discuss AI ethics by looking at the ethics of AI and ethical AI. What are the perceived ethical and moral issues with AI? What are the general and common ethical principles, rules, guidelines, policies, and regulations that can resolve or at least attenuate these ethical and moral issues with AI? What are some of the necessary features and characteristics of an ethical AI? How to adhere to the ethics of AI to build ethical AI?

Ensuring Ethical Practice: Guidelines for Mental Health Counselors in Private Practice

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecile Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Private Practice ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Health Counselors ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
Ethical Knowledge ◽  
Ethical Action

Since mental health counselors in private practice often work in relative isolation, it is especially important that they attend to ethical issues. This article reviews four dimensions of ethical knowledge: the foundation of ethical actions, counselors as agents of ethical action, the need to establish a decision-making process, and the importance of sustaining ethical practice by keeping current with clinical developments and attending to their own well-being.

Conceptualizing Obesity as a Chronic Disease: An Interview With Dr. Arya Sharma

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arya M. Sharma ◽  
Donna L. Goodwin ◽  
Janice Causgrove Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Adapted Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Interventions ◽  
The North ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches

Dr. Arya M. Sharma challenges the conventional wisdom of relying simply on “lifestyle” approaches involving exercise, diet, and behavioral interventions for managing obesity, suggesting that people living with obesity should receive comprehensive medical interventions similar to the approach taken for other chronic diseases such as Type 2 diabetes or hypertension. He purports that the stigma-inducing focus on self-failing (e.g., coping through food, laziness, lack of self-regulation) does not address biological processes that make obesity a lifelong problem for which there is no easy solution. Interdisciplinary approaches to obesity are advocated, including that of adapted physical activity. Physical activity has multifaceted impacts beyond increasing caloric expenditure, including improved sleep, better mood, increased energy levels, enhanced self-esteem, reduced stress, and an enhanced sense of well-being. The interview with Dr. Sharma, transcribed from a keynote address delivered at the North American Adapted Physical Activity Symposium on September 22, 2016, in Edmonton, AB, Canada, outlines his rationale for approaching obesity as a chronic disease.

scholarly journals Phenomenology and Adapted Physical Activity: Philosophy and Professional Practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øyvind F. Standal
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Adapted Physical Activity ◽  
Life World ◽  
Person Perspective ◽  
Human Difference ◽  
First Person Perspective ◽  
Oriented Research

Through the increased use of qualitative research methods, the term phenomenology has become a quite familiar notion for researchers in adapted physical activity (APA). In contrast to this increasing interest in phenomenology as methodology, relatively little work has focused on phenomenology as philosophy or as an approach to professional practice. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the relevance of phenomenology as philosophy and as pedagogy to the field of APA. First, phenomenology as philosophy is introduced through three key notions, namely the first-person perspective, embodiment, and life-world. The relevance of these terms to APA is then outlined. Second, the concept of phenomenological pedagogy is introduced, and its application and potential for APA are discussed. In conclusion, it is argued that phenomenology can help theorize ways of understanding human difference in movement contexts and form a basis of action-oriented research aiming at developing professional practice.

Achieving a Socially Just Society: Kinesiology’s Role and Responsibility in Disrupting the Status Quo

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Karen P. DePauw
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Transformational Change ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Adapted Physical Activity ◽  
Social Constructs ◽  
The Status ◽  
Just Society ◽  
Equity And Inclusion

Social justice can be defined in different ways, but the principles providing the foundation/framework include access, equity, and fairness; respect for diversity; participation/engagement; and basic human rights. As an academic discipline and professional practice (field), kinesiology has an important role to play in achieving a socially just society. Social change is about not only disrupting the status quo, but also transformational change and moving toward access, equity, and inclusion. Three narratives reflect upon the ways in which kinesiology and adapted physical activity have disrupted—and must continue to disrupt—the status quo to progress toward a socially just society: reflections of marginality, sport, and social constructs of body and ability; ableism and evolution of adapted physical activity; kinesiology and its responsibility for a sustainable future and socially just society. Although progress has been made, there is still more work to be done.

scholarly journals Adapted Physical Activity to Ensure the Physical and Psychological Well-Being of COVID-19 Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Grazia Maugeri ◽  
Giuseppe Musumeci
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Adapted Physical Activity ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Anxiety Depression

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been responsible for a global pandemic involving massive increases in the daily numbers of cases and deaths. Due to the emergency caused by the pandemic, huge efforts have been made to develop COVID-19 vaccines, the first of which were released in December 2020. Effective vaccines for COVID-19 are needed to protect the population, especially healthcare professionals and fragile individuals, such as older people or chronic-disease-affected patients. Physical exercise training generally has health benefits and assists in the prevention of several chronic diseases. Moreover, physical activity improves mental health by reducing anxiety, depression, and negative mood and improving self-esteem. Therefore, the present review aims to provide a detailed view of the literature, presenting updated evidence on the beneficial effects of adapted physical activity, based on personalized and tailor-made exercise, in preventing, treating, and counteracting the consequences of COVID-19.

‘Deeply Troubling Questions’: The Teaching of Ethics in Undergraduate Courses

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary E Barnitt
Keyword(s):  
Professional Practice ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Language Therapy ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Speech And Language Therapy ◽  
Ethics Teaching ◽  
The Uk

‘The professional is always at risk if the practice has not developed an ethical discipline.’ Ethical issues are challenging the providers of health care in the UK. Occupational therapists, physiotherapists and speech and language therapists cannot detach themselves from this development, and clinicians are confronted by a variety of moral issues while delivering patient care. A postal survey of all undergraduate courses in occupational therapy, physiotherapy and speech and language therapy in the UK was undertaken to find out how the teaching of ethics and moral reasoning was tackled in these programmes. It was discovered that the teaching of ethics was not a particularly well developed aspect of many courses, and that there was some uncertainty about what, how and when the topic of ethics should be addressed. A strong theme that emerged was the need for integration of ethics teaching with professional studies so that ethics was not seen as just an academic subject. There was little agreement over procedures for giving codes of professional practice to the students. Some examples of innovative practice with regard to both these issues are given.

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