Driving Performance Deficits Despite Concussion Symptom Resolution: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Hoffman ◽  
Hannes Devos ◽  
Julianne D. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Male College Student ◽  
Performance Deficits ◽  
Male College ◽  
Complex Attention

Driving performance prior to concussion is not commonly available to help clinicians identify when deficits return to a preinjury status. This case report examines driving performance prior to and following concussion in a 20-year-old male college student. He initially volunteered as a control for a separate driving performance study. He sustained a concussion 18 months later, and was asked to complete the same driving tasks as previous testing once he was asymptomatic. Poor driving simulator performance and subtle cognitive deficits in complex attention and processing speed were evident despite being symptom-free. Our findings may be useful when considering readiness to drive postconcussion.

Clinical predictors of driving simulator performance in drivers with multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852199250
Author(s):  
Sarah Krasniuk ◽  
Sherrilene Classen ◽  
Sarah A Morrow ◽  
Liliana Alvarez ◽  
Wenqing He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Divided Attention ◽  
Alternative Assessment ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Clinical Predictors ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Performance Deficits

Background: Drivers with multiple sclerosis (MS) may experience visual–cognitive impairment that affects their fitness to drive. Due to limitations associated with the on-road assessment, an alternative assessment that measures driving performance is warranted. Whether clinical indicators of on-road outcomes can also predict driving performance outcomes on a driving simulator are not fully understood. Objective: This study examined if deficits in immediate verbal/auditory recall (California Verbal Learning Test–Second Edition; CVLT2-IR) and/or slower divided attention (Useful Field of View™; UFOV2) predicted deficits in operational, tactical, or strategic maneuvers assessed on a driving simulator, in drivers with and without MS. Methods: Participants completed the CVLT2-IR, UFOV2, and a driving simulator assessment of operational, tactical, and strategic maneuvers. Results: Deficits in immediate verbal/auditory recall and slower divided attention predicted adjustment to stimuli errors, pertaining to tactical maneuvers only, in 36 drivers with MS (vs 20 drivers without MS; F(3, 51) = 6.1, p = 0.001, R2 = 0.3, [Formula: see text]). Conclusion: The CVLT2-IR and UFOV2 capture the visual and verbal/auditory recall, processing speed, and divided attention required to appropriately adjust to stimuli in a simulated driving environment. Clinicians may use the CVLT2-IR and UFOV2 as precursors to driving performance deficits in drivers with MS.

Acute Deep-Vein Thrombosis in an Active Male College Student: A Case Report

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Piccininni ◽  
Marsha Grant-Ford ◽  
David Middlemas
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
College Student ◽  
Male College Student ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Male College ◽  
Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Deep Vein

Effects of Individual Differences, Attention, and Memory Deficits on Driver Distraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 1196-1201
Author(s):  
Alejandro A. Arca ◽  
Kaitlin M. Stanford ◽  
Mustapha Mouloua
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Driver Distraction ◽  
Phone Call ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Attention And Memory ◽  
Adhd Diagnosis ◽  
Simulated Driving

The current study was designed to empirically examine the effects of individual differences in attention and memory deficits on driver distraction. Forty-eight participants consisting of 37 non-ADHD and 11 ADHD drivers were tested in a medium fidelity GE-ISIM driving simulator. All participants took part in a series of simulated driving scenarios involving both high and low traffic conditions in conjunction with completing a 20-Questions task either by text- message or phone-call. Measures of UFOV, simulated driving, heart rate variability, and subjective (NASA TLX) workload performance were recorded for each of the experimental tasks. It was hypothesized that ADHD diagnosis, type of cellular distraction, and traffic density would affect driving performance as measured by driving performance, workload assessment, and physiological measures. Preliminary results indicated that ADHD diagnosis, type of cellular distraction, and traffic density affected the performance of the secondary task. These results provide further evidence for the deleterious effects of cellphone use on driver distraction, especially for drivers who are diagnosed with attention-deficit and memory capacity deficits. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, and directions for future research are also presented.

scholarly journals Driving Performance and Its Correlation with Neuropsychological Tests in Senior Drivers with Cognitive Impairment in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 1575-1587
Author(s):  
Zhouyuan Peng ◽  
Hiroyuki Nishimoto ◽  
Ayae Kinoshita
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Impaired Driving ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Neuropsychological Factors ◽  
Senior Drivers

Background: With the rapid aging of the population, the issue of driving by dementia patients has been causing increasing concern worldwide. Objective: To investigate the driving difficulties faced by senior drivers with cognitive impairment and identify the specific neuropsychological tests that can reflect specific domains of driving maneuvers. Methods: Senior drivers with cognitive impairment were investigated. Neuropsychological tests and a questionnaire on demographic and driving characteristics were administered. Driving simulator tests were used to quantify participants’ driving errors in various domains of driving. Results: Of the 47 participants, 23 current drivers, though they had better cognitive functions than 24 retired drivers, were found to have impaired driving performance in the domains of Reaction, Starting and stopping, Signaling, and Overall (wayfinding and accidents). The parameters of Reaction were significantly related to the diagnosis, and the scores of MMSE, TMT-A, and TMT-B. As regards details of the driving errors, “Sudden braking” was associated with the scores of MMSE (ρ= –0.707, p < 0.01), BDT (ρ= –0.560, p < 0.05), and ADAS (ρ= 0.758, p < 0.01), “Forgetting to use turn signals” with the TMT-B score (ρ= 0.608, p < 0.05), “Centerline crossings” with the scores of MMSE (ρ= –0.582, p < 0.05) and ADAS (ρ= 0.538, p < 0.05), and “Going the wrong way” was correlated with the score of CDT (ρ= –0.624, p < 0.01). Conclusion: Different neuropsychological factors serve as predictors of different specific driving maneuvers segmented from driving performance.

scholarly journals Changing our thinking about changing their thinking in older adulthood

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1405-1407
Author(s):  
Viviana M. Wuthrich
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
New Learning

It is well-established that as people age, deterioration in cognitive abilities including processing speed, memory, and cognitive flexibility occurs, although vast individual differences occur in the rate and consequences of this decline (Christensen, 2001). Anxiety and depression in late life are also associated with specific cognitive deficits in memory and executive functioning that may impact on new learning (Yochim et al., 2013). Therefore, it is possible that cognitive changes make it more difficult for older adults to learn how to change their thinking particularly in the context of psychological therapy.

scholarly journals Benefits of Higher Cardiovascular and Motor Coordinative Fitness on Driving Behavior Are Mediated by Cognitive Functioning: A Path Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stojan ◽  
Navin Kaushal ◽  
Otmar Leo Bock ◽  
Nicole Hudl ◽  
Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Lane Keeping

Driving is an important skill for older adults to maintain an independent lifestyle, and to preserve the quality of life. However, the ability to drive safely in older adults can be compromised by age-related cognitive decline. Performing an additional task during driving (e.g., adjusting the radio) increases cognitive demands and thus might additionally impair driving performance. Cognitive functioning has been shown to be positively related to physical activity/fitness such as cardiovascular and motor coordinative fitness. As such, a higher fitness level might be associated with higher cognitive resources and may therefore benefit driving performance under dual-task conditions. For the first time, the present study investigated whether this association of physical fitness and cognitive functioning causes an indirect relationship between physical fitness and dual-task driving performance through cognitive functions. Data from 120 healthy older adults (age: 69.56 ± 3.62, 53 female) were analyzed. Participants completed tests on cardiovascular fitness (cardiorespiratory capacity), motor coordinative fitness (composite score: static balance, psychomotor speed, bimanual dexterity), and cognitive functions (updating, inhibition, shifting, cognitive processing speed). Further, they performed a virtual car driving scenario where they additionally engaged in cognitively demanding tasks that were modeled after typical real-life activities during driving (typing or reasoning). Structural equation modeling (path analysis) was used to investigate whether cardiovascular and motor coordinative fitness were indirectly associated with lane keeping (i.e., variability in lateral position) and speed control (i.e., average velocity) while dual-task driving via cognitive functions. Both cardiovascular and motor coordinative fitness demonstrated the hypothesized indirect effects on dual-task driving. Motor coordinative fitness showed a significant indirect effect on lane keeping, while cardiovascular fitness demonstrated a trend-level indirect effect on speed control. Moreover, both fitness domains were positively related to different cognitive functions (processing speed and/or updating), and cognitive functions (updating or inhibition), in turn, were related to dual-task driving. These findings indicate that cognitive benefits associated with higher fitness may facilitate driving performance. Given that driving with lower cognitive capacity can result in serious consequences, this study emphasizes the importance for older adults to engage in a physically active lifestyle as it might serve as a preventive measure for driving safety.

scholarly journals The Impact of Cognitive Deficits and Spasticity on Driving Simulator Performance in Multiple Sclerosis

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas D Marcotte ◽  
Theodore J Rosenthal ◽  
Jody Corey-Bloom ◽  
Erica Roberts ◽  
Sara Lampinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Fragrance Impact on Driving Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Masria Mustafa ◽  
Norazni Rustam ◽  
Rosfaiizah Siran
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
Open Access Article

Previous studies have indicated that certain types of fragrance in the vehicle are useful in keeping the driver alert. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of lavender or vanilla flavor fragrances toward driving performance. Ten human subjects were tested using the driving simulator in three different conditions; driving with vanilla, lavender flavor fragrance and driving without fragrance. A questionnaire was distributed to examine the emotion states of the driver after driving the simulator. Our results indicate that fragrance did not affect the speed reduction. The emotions of the drivers were calm due to the presence of the fragrance.2398-4279 © 2017 The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, UniversitiTeknologi MARA, Malaysia.Keywords: driving performance, vehicle fragrance, speed reduction

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