scholarly journals Blood Volumes Following Preseason Heat Versus Altitude: A Case Study of Australian Footballers

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-594
Author(s):  
Blake D. McLean ◽  
Kevin White ◽  
Christopher J. Gore ◽  
Justin Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
The United States ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Altitude Training ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Environmental Intervention ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Summer Heat ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Purpose: There is debate as to which environmental intervention produces the most benefit for team sport athletes, particularly comparing heat and altitude. This quasi-experimental study aimed to compare blood volume (BV) responses with heat and altitude training camps in Australian footballers. Methods: The BV of 7 professional Australian footballers (91.8 [10.5] kg, 191.8 [10.1] cm) was measured throughout 3 consecutive spring/summer preseasons. During each preseason, players participated in altitude (year 1 and year 2) and heat (year 3) environmental training camps. Year 1 and year 2 altitude camps were in November/December in the United States, whereas the year 3 heat camp was in February/March in Australia after a full exposure to summer heat. BV, red cell volume, and plasma volume (PV) were measured at least 3 times during each preseason. Results: Red cell volume increased substantially following altitude in both year 1 (d = 0.67) and year 2 (d = 1.03), before returning to baseline 4 weeks postaltitude. Immediately following altitude, concurrent decreases in PV were observed during year 1 (d = −0.40) and year 2 (d = −0.98). With spring/summer training in year 3, BV and PV were substantially higher in January than temporally matched postaltitude measurements during year 1 (BV: d = −0.93, PV: d = −1.07) and year 2 (BV: d = −1.99, PV: d = −2.25), with year 3 total BV, red cell volume, and PV not changing further despite the 6-day heat intervention. Conclusions: We found greater BV after training throughout spring/summer conditions, compared with interrupting spring/summer exposure to train at altitude in the cold, with no additional benefits observed from a heat camp following spring/summer training.

Individual variation in response to altitude training

1998 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1448-1456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Chapman ◽  
James Stray-Gundersen ◽  
Benjamin D. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Altitude Training ◽  
Moderate Altitude ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
The Individual

Moderate-altitude living (2,500 m), combined with low-altitude training (1,250 m) (i.e., live high-train low), results in a significantly greater improvement in maximal O2 uptake (V˙o 2 max) and performance over equivalent sea-level training. Although the mean improvement in group response with this “high-low” training model is clear, the individual response displays a wide variability. To determine the factors that contribute to this variability, 39 collegiate runners (27 men, 12 women) were retrospectively divided into responders ( n = 17) and nonresponders ( n = 15) to altitude training on the basis of the change in sea-level 5,000-m run time determined before and after 28 days of living at moderate altitude and training at either low or moderate altitude. In addition, 22 elite runners were examined prospectively to confirm the significance of these factors in a separate population. In the retrospective analysis, responders displayed a significantly larger increase in erythropoietin (Epo) concentration after 30 h at altitude compared with nonresponders. After 14 days at altitude, Epo was still elevated in responders but was not significantly different from sea-level values in nonresponders. The Epo response led to a significant increase in total red cell volume andV˙o 2 max in responders; in contrast, nonresponders did not show a difference in total red cell volume or V˙o 2 maxafter altitude training. Nonresponders demonstrated a significant slowing of interval-training velocity at altitude and thus achieved a smaller O2 consumption during those intervals, compared with responders. The acute increases in Epo and V˙o 2 maxwere significantly higher in the prospective cohort of responders, compared with nonresponders, to altitude training. In conclusion, after a 28-day altitude training camp, a significant improvement in 5,000-m run performance is, in part, dependent on 1) living at a high enough altitude to achieve a large acute increase in Epo, sufficient to increase the total red cell volume andV˙o 2 max, and 2) training at a low enough altitude to maintain interval training velocity and O2 flux near sea-level values.

Blood Volume Measurement in Baboons: Simultaneous Estimation of Red Cell Volume and Plasma Volume

1985 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 345-356
Author(s):  
Michael G. Garner ◽  
Andrew F. Phippard ◽  
John S. Horvath ◽  
Geoffrey G. Duggin ◽  
David J. Tiller
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Volume Measurement ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume Measurement

Effect of prednisolone and cocaine on red cell volume-increased by pneumococcal endotoxin

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 551-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Koyuncuočlu ◽  
H. Sačduyu ◽  
I. Şehirli
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume

Potential of Cell Tracking Velocimetry as an Economical and Portable Hematology Analyzer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenifer Gómez-Pastora ◽  
James Kim ◽  
Mitchell Weigand ◽  
Andre F. Palmer ◽  
Mark Yazer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Red Cell Volume ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Hematology Analyzer ◽  
Cell Tracking Velocimetry

Abstract Anemia and iron deficiency continue to be the most prevalent nutritional disorders in the world, affecting billions of people in both developed and developing countries. The initial diagnosis of anemia is typically based on several markers, including red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit and total hemoglobin. Using modern hematology analyzers, erythrocyte parameters such as mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), etc. are also being used. However, most of these commercially available analyzers pose several disadvantages: they are expensive instruments that require significant bench space and are heavy enough to limit their use to a specific lab and leading to a delay in results, making them less practical as a point-of-care instrument that can be used for swift clinical evaluation. Thus, there is a need for a portable and economical hematology analyzer that can be used at the point of need. In this work, we evaluated the performance of a system referred to as the cell tracking velocimetry (CTV) to measure several hematological parameters from fresh human blood obtained from healthy donors. Our system, based on the paramagnetic behavior that methemoglobin containing RBCs experience when suspended in water after applying a magnetic field, uses a combination of magnets and microfluidics and has the ability to track the movement of thousands of red cells in a short period of time. This allows us to measure not only traditional RBC indices but also novel parameters that are only available for analyzers that assess erythrocytes on a cell by cell basis. As such, we report, for the first time, the use of our CTV as a hematology analyzer that is able to measure red cell volume or MCV, red cell hemoglobin mass or MCH, hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution width (RDW) and the percentage of hypochromic cells, which is an indicator of insufficient marrow iron supply that reflects recent iron reduction. Our initial results indicate that most of the parameters measured with CTV are within the normal range for healthy adults. Only the parameters related to the red cell volume (primarily MCV and RDW) were outside the normal range. We observed significant discrepancies between the MCV measured by our technology (and also by an automated cell counter) and the manual MCV measured through the hematocrit obtained by packed cell volume method, which are attributed to the artifacts of plasma trapping and cell shrinkage. While there may be limitations for measuring MCV, this device offers a novel point of care instrument to provide rapid RBC parameters such as iron stores that are otherwise not rapidly available to the clinician. Thus, our CTV is a promising technology with the potential to be employed as an accurate, economical, portable and fast hematology analyzer after applying instrument-specific reference ranges or correction factors.

Measurement of circulating red cell volume using biotin-labeled red cells: validation against 51Cr-labeled red cells

Transfusion ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Mock ◽  
Gary L. Lankford ◽  
John A. Widness ◽  
Leon F. Burmeister ◽  
Daniel Kahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Cell Volume
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