Simultaneous Estimation of Sacubitril and Valsartan Combination of Drug in Tablet Dosage Form Using Hydrotropy by UV Spectrophotometry

Sacubitril/valsartan, traded under the brand name Entresto between others, is a fixed-dose combination medication for use heart failure. Sacubitril is a neprilysin inhibitor (A prodrug) and is used in combination with valsartan to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with chronic heart failure. It is anti - hypertensive drug. Valsartan is an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ARB) that may be used to treat a variety of cardiac conditions including hypertension, diabetic nephropathy and heart failure. Two UV-spectrophotometric methods have been developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of Sacubitril and Valsartan in a tablet dosage form. The first method employed solving of simultaneous equations based on the measurement of absorbance at two wavelengths, 226.0 nm and 254.0 nm, 𝜆max for Sacubitril and Valsartan, respectively. The second method was absorbance ratio method, which involves formation of Q-absorbance equation at 240 nm (isoabsorptive point) and also at 254 nm (𝜆max of Valsartan). The methods were found to be linear between the range of 4-12 𝜇g/mL for Sacubitril and 2-10 𝜇g/mL for Valsartan using Methanol as solvent. The mean percentage recovery was found to be 96.68%and 101.89% for the simultaneous equation method and 100.2% and 104.53% for the absorbance ratio method, for sacubitril and valsartan respectively. It could be concluded from the results obtained in the present investigation that the two methods for simultaneous estimation of sacubitril and valsartan in tablet dosage form are simple, rapid, accurate, precise and economical and can be used, successfully, in the quality control of pharmaceutical formulations and other routine laboratory analysis. The reviewed highlights various analytical techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultra- performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), UV Spectroscopy, high per-formance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC- MS), RP-HPLC and other chromatographic method used. The combination of these drugs with different method was examine and the commonly use of the drugs in hypertensive.

Validated high performance thin layer chromatographic analysis of leaves and flower extracts of

is a significant therapeutic plant has a place with family apocynaceae contains in excess of 70 distinct sorts of chemotherapeutic agents and alkaloids which help in treating different illnesses. For the most part, it is known as Vincarosea, Ammocallisrosea and Lochnerarosea. There are numerous or more than 400 alkaloids present in plant, which are used as flavor, agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, fragrance, ingredients, food addictives, and pesticides. To develop a validated high performance thin layer chromatographic method for the analysis of leaves and flower extracts of Sample solutions were applied onto the plates with automatic TLC sampler Linomat V (Camag, Muttenz, Switzerland) and were controlled by WinCATS software. Plates were developed in 10 x 10cm twin trough glass chamber (Camag, Muttenz, Switzerland). A CAMAG TLC scanner was used for scanning the TLC plates. Pre-coated silica gel aluminium plates 60F254. For vincristine, simultaneous estimation of vincristine was performed by HPTLC on a silica gel plate using toluene-methanol-diethylamine (8.75: 0.75: 0.5, v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The method was validated as per the ICH guidelines. The Rf value was found to be 0.76 for flower and 0.80 for leaves at 250 nm which shows the presence of vincristin in . In this research paper, a validated HPTLC Method has been developed for the analysis of leaves and flower extracts

MGcount: a total RNA-seq quantification tool to address multi-mapping and multi-overlapping alignments ambiguity in non-coding transcripts

Background Total-RNA sequencing (total-RNA-seq) allows the simultaneous study of both the coding and the non-coding transcriptome. Yet, computational pipelines have traditionally focused on particular biotypes, making assumptions that are not fullfilled by total-RNA-seq datasets. Transcripts from distinct RNA biotypes vary in length, biogenesis, and function, can overlap in a genomic region, and may be present in the genome with a high copy number. Consequently, reads from total-RNA-seq libraries may cause ambiguous genomic alignments, demanding for flexible quantification approaches. Results Here we present Multi-Graph count (MGcount), a total-RNA-seq quantification tool combining two strategies for handling ambiguous alignments. First, MGcount assigns reads hierarchically to small-RNA and long-RNA features to account for length disparity when transcripts overlap in the same genomic position. Next, MGcount aggregates RNA products with similar sequences where reads systematically multi-map using a graph-based approach. MGcount outputs a transcriptomic count matrix compatible with RNA-sequencing downstream analysis pipelines, with both bulk and single-cell resolution, and the graphs that model repeated transcript structures for different biotypes. The software can be used as a python module or as a single-file executable program. Conclusions MGcount is a flexible total-RNA-seq quantification tool that successfully integrates reads that align to multiple genomic locations or that overlap with multiple gene features. Its approach is suitable for the simultaneous estimation of protein-coding, long non-coding and small non-coding transcript concentration, in both precursor and processed forms. Both source code and compiled software are available at https://github.com/hitaandrea/MGcount.

SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF AZILSARTAN AND CILNIDIPINE IN BULK BY RP-HPLC AND ASSESSMENT OF ITS APPLICABILITY IN MARKETED TABLET DOSAGE FORM

Objective: This study aims to build up the RP-HPLC process for Azilsartan and Cilnidipine and authenticate the RP-HPLC process according to ICH validation code Q2R1. Methods: System suitability testing was performed to discover the qualifying criterion of the method by injecting the identical standard solution of Azilsartan 40μg/ml and Cilnidipine 10μg/ml in mixture/combination in subsequent optimized chromatographic conditions and the chromatogram was recorded. Moreover, the planned method was validated as per ICH guideline Q2R1 for the following parameters: linearity and range, precision, accuracy, robustness, and determined % recovery. Results: The outcomes of %RSD for retention time and peak area were found to be 0.65 and 1.32 for Azilsartan and 0.85 and 1.90 for Cilnidipine. The correlation coefficient, y-intercept, slope of the regression line were 0.9996,-1127.1, 3313.9, and 0.9993, 1460.2, 2876.4 for Azilsartan and Cilnidipine, respectively. Moreover, the range of this method was observed to be 40-240μg/ml and 10-60 μg/ml for Azilsartan and Cilnidipine, standard concentrations respectively. The % RSD achieved for precision (repeatability) was observed in the range of 1.57 to 2.43 for Azilsartan and 0.70 to 1.88 for Cilnidipine. The % accuracy was found in the range of 96.96 to 101.92% w/w for Azilsartan and 99.19 to101.96%w/w for Cilnidipine. The percent recovery values achieved for Azilsartan were in the range of 99.87 to 106.39% w/w and for Cilnidipine in the range of 94.51 to 105.96% w/w. Conclusion: The author concludes that the simultaneous estimation of Azilsartan and Cilnidipine with predefined objectives was successfully achieved. Moreover, the method was found to be steadfast for the quantification of Azilsartan and Cilnidipine in marketed tablet dosage forms.