Inspiratory Muscle Training and Endurance: A Central Metabolic Control Perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Edwards ◽  
Raewyn E. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Power ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Specific Performance ◽  
Considerable Controversy ◽  
Common Observation

The efficacy of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been the subject of considerable controversy in terms of whether it is beneficial to endurance athletes and because a convincing physiological rationale has not been identified to explain its mechanism of action. Early studies suggested that IMT was an ineffectual intervention for gains in either maximal aerobic power or endurance-specific performance. More rigorous recent research supports the observation that maximal aerobic power is not receptive to IMT; however, closer evaluation of both early and contemporary research indicates that responses to endurance-specific performance tests are sensitive to IMT. As the aim of endurance training is to improve endurance performance rather than maximal aerobic power, it is plausible that IMT may be useful in specific performance-related circumstances. Performance adaptations following IMT appear to be connected with post training reports of attenuated effort sensations, but this common observation has tended to be overlooked by researchers in preference for a reductionist explanation. This commentary examines the pertinent research and practical performance implications of IMT from the holistic perspective of complex central metabolic control.

Inspiratory muscle training lowers the oxygen cost of voluntary hyperpnea

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise A. Turner ◽  
Sandra L. Tecklenburg-Lund ◽  
Robert F. Chapman ◽  
Joel M. Stager ◽  
Daniel P. Wilhite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Oxygen Cost ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Cycle Ergometer Test ◽  
Ergometer Test

The purpose of this study was to determine if inspiratory muscle training (IMT) alters the oxygen cost of breathing (V̇o2RM) during voluntary hyperpnea. Sixteen male cyclists completed 6 wk of IMT using an inspiratory load of 50% (IMT) or 15% placebo (CON) of maximal inspiratory pressure (Pimax). Prior to training, a maximal incremental cycle ergometer test was performed to determine V̇o2and ventilation (V̇E) at multiple workloads. Pre- and post-training, subjects performed three separate 4-min bouts of voluntary eucapnic hyperpnea (mimic), matching V̇Ethat occurred at 50, 75, and 100% of V̇o2 max. Pimaxwas significantly increased ( P < 0.05) by 22.5 ± 8.7% from pre- to post-IMT and remained unchanged in the CON group. The V̇o2RMrequired during the mimic trial corresponded to 5.1 ± 2.5, 5.7 ± 1.4, and 11.7% ± 2.5% of the total V̇o2(V̇o2T) at ventilatory workloads equivalent to 50, 75, and 100% of V̇o2 max, respectively. Following IMT, the V̇o2RMrequirement significantly decreased ( P < 0.05) by 1.5% (4.2 ± 1.4% of V̇o2T) at 75% V̇o2 maxand 3.4% (8.1 ± 3.5% of V̇o2T) at 100% V̇o2 max. No significant changes were shown in the CON group. IMT significantly reduced the O2cost of voluntary hyperpnea, which suggests that a reduction in the O2requirement of the respiratory muscles following a period of IMT may facilitate increased O2availability to the active muscles during exercise. These data suggest that IMT may reduce the O2cost of ventilation during exercise, providing an insight into mechanism(s) underpinning the reported improvements in whole body endurance performance; however, this awaits further investigation.

scholarly journals Inspiratory Muscle Training and Endurance Performance in Hypoxia

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5S) ◽  
pp. 241-242
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Hursh ◽  
Chad C. Wiggins ◽  
Shane A. Bielko ◽  
Marissa Baranauskas ◽  
Timothy D. Mickleborough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Muscle Training

A six-week inspiratory muscle training and aerobic exercise improves respiratory muscle strength and exercise capacity in lung cancer patients after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: A randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 026921552098013
Author(s):  
Jui-Fang Liu ◽  
Nai-Ying Kuo ◽  
Teng-Pei Fang ◽  
Jui-O Chen ◽  
Hung-I Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Thoracoscopic Surgery ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Lung Expansion ◽  
Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Objective: To compare the postoperative outcomes of inspiratory muscle training and aerobic exercise, along with standard care, on lung cancer patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). Design: A parallel-group, single-blind randomized clinical trial Setting: Thoracic surgery ward and outpatient clinic in a teaching hospital Subjects: Overall 63 patients underwent VATS were randomly assigned to a triaging (TG, n = 32) or control group (CG, n = 31). A total of 54 patients (TG, n = 26; CG, n = 28) completed the study. Intervention: TG: six-week threshold inspiratory muscle training and aerobic exercise. CG: standard care. Main measures: Maximum inspiratory pressure (PImax), maximum expiratory pressure (PEmax) lung expansion volume, and 6-min walking test (6MWT) were performed on the day of chest tube removal (baseline), and 2, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Results: The TG showed significant improvement in PImax at week 6 (71.6 ± 34.9 vs. 94.3 ± 32.8 cmH2O, P = 0.018), PEmax at week 2 (70.9 ± 24.3 vs. 90.9 ± 28.2 cmH2O, P = 0.015) and week 12 (76.1 ± 20.2 vs. 98.6 ± 35.3 cmH2O, P = 0.012), the lung expansion volume at week 2 (1080 ± 433 vs 1457 ± 624 mL, P = 0.02) and week 12 (1200 ± 387 vs 1885 ± 678 mL, P < 0.001), in addition to the 6MWT at week 2 (332 ± 78 vs 412 ± 74 m, P = 0.002), week 6 (360 ± 70 vs 419 ± 60 m, P = 0.007) and week 12 (360 ± 58 vs 402 ± 65 m, P = 0.036). Conclusion: A six weeks of inspiratory muscle training and aerobic exercise had improved respiratory muscle strength and aerobic exercise postoperatively in lung cancer patients after VATS as early as 2 weeks.

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