The Effect of Traditional Bridging or Suspension-Exercise Bridging on Lateral Abdominal Thickness in Individuals With Low Back Pain

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Guthrie ◽  
Terry L. Grindstaff ◽  
Theodore Croy ◽  
Christopher D. Ingersoll ◽  
Susan A. Saliba
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Minimal Detectable Change ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Contraction Ratio

Context:Individuals with low back pain (LBP) are thought to benefit from interventions that improve motor control of the lumbopelvic region. It is unknown if therapeutic exercise can acutely facilitate activation of lateral abdominal musculature.Objective:To investigate the ability of 2 types of bridging-exercise progressions to facilitate lateral abdominal muscles during an abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) in individuals with LBP.Design:Randomized control trial.Setting:University research laboratory.Participants:51 adults (mean ± SD age 23.1 ± 6.0 y, height 173.6 ± 10.5 cm, mass 74.7 ± 14.5 kg, and 64.7% female) with LBP. All participants met 3 of 4 criteria for stabilization-classification LBP or at least 6 best-fit criteria for stabilization classification.Interventions:Participants were randomly assigned to either traditional-bridge progression or suspension-exercise-bridge progression, each with 4 levels of progressive difficulty. They performed 5 repetitions at each level and were progressed based on specific criteria.Main Outcome Measures:Muscle thickness of the external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and transversus abdominis (TrA) was measured during an ADIM using ultrasound imaging preintervention and postintervention. A contraction ratio (contracted thickness:resting thickness) of the EO, IO, and TrA was used to quantify changes in muscle thickness.Results:There was not a significant increase in EO (F1,47 = 0.44, P = .51) or IO (F1,47 = .30, P = .59) contraction ratios after the exercise progression. There was a significant (F1,47 = 4.05, P = .05) group-by-time interaction wherein the traditional-bridge progression (pre = 1.55 ± 0.22; post = 1.65 ± 0.21) resulted in greater (P = .03) TrA contraction ratio after exercise than the suspension-exercise-bridge progression (pre = 1.61 ± 0.31; post = 1.58 ± 0.28).Conclusion:A single exercise progression did not acutely improve muscle thickness of the EO and IO. The magnitude of change in TrA muscle thickness after the traditional-bridging progression was less than the minimal detectable change, thus not clinically significant.

Does Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Have an Additive Effect on Disability, Pain and Abdominal and Lumbar Muscle Thickness in Chronic Low Back Pain? – A Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ecenur Atli ◽  
Dilber Karagozoglu Coskunsu ◽  
Zeynep Turan ◽  
Ozden Ozyemisci Taskiran
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Back

Abstract Objective To examine the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) combined with core stabilization exercises (CSE) in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods Thirty-six patients (mean age 33.6±12.6 years) with CLBP were randomly assigned to 4 weeks (12 sessions) of NMES group (NMES combined with CSE) (n=18) vs. Control group (sham NMES and CSE) (n=18). After the 4 weeks, same exercises were given as home exercise program without NMES. The outcome measures were Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP) and ultrasonography. Ultrasonography was used for measuring transversus abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), external oblique (EO) muscles thickness and lumbar multifidus muscle thickness and area. Assessments were performed at baseline and 4th week and eighth week follow-up. Results In both groups, the change of ODI, VAS and NHP values of the first measurement according to the values of the 4th week and the eighth week were found statistically significant (p=0.001; p<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in ODI, VAS and NHP scores between the 4th week and the eighth week in both groups (p>0.05). None of NMES and control group measurements with US showed a statistically significant increase in the TrA, IO, EO thickness and multifidus thickness and area (p>0.05). Conclusions It was shown that NMES can be tolerated by patients with CLBP, but the addition of simultaneus NMES to CSE had no contribution to the clinical outcome measures.

Changes in Muscle Thickness After Exercise and Biofeedback in People With Low Back Pain

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shandi L. Partner ◽  
Mark Alan Sutherlin ◽  
Shellie Acocello ◽  
Susan A. Saliba ◽  
Eric M. Magrum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Lateral Abdominal Wall ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Before And After

Context:Individuals with low back pain (LBP) have reduced function of the transversus abdominis (TrA) and lumbar multifidus (LM) muscles. Biofeedback during exercise may increase the ability to contract the TrA and LM muscles compared with exercise alone.Objective:To compare TrA preferential activation ratio (PAR) and the percent change in LM-muscle thickness in patients with LBP history before and after exercise with or without biofeedback.Design:Controlled laboratory study.Setting:University research laboratory.Patients:20 LBP individuals, 10 exercise alone and 10 exercise with biofeedback.Interventions:Patients were allotted to tabletop exercises in isolation or tabletop exercises with visual, auditory, and tactile biofeedback.Main Outcome Measures:TrA PAR and percent change in LM-muscle thickness.Results:There were no differences between groups at baseline (all P > .05). Nonparametric statistics showed decreased resting muscle thickness for total lateral abdominal-wall muscles (P = .007) but not TrA (P = .410) or LM (P = .173). Percent TrA thickness increased from table to standing positions before (P = .006) and after exercise (P = .009). TrA PAR increased after exercise (pre 0.01 ± 0.02, post 0.03 ± 0.04, P = .033) for all patients and for exercise with biofeedback (pre 0.02 ± 0.01, post 0.03 ± 0.01, P = .037) but not for exercise alone (pre 0.01 ± 0.02, post 0.02 ± 0.05, P = .241). No group differences were observed for TrA PAR before (exercise 0.01 ± 0.02, exercise with biofeedback 0.02 ± 0.01, P = .290) or after exercise (exercise 0.02 ± 0.05, exercise with biofeedback 0.03 ± 0.01, P = .174). There were no group differences in LM percent change before exercise (P = .999) or after exercise (P = .597). In addition, no changes were observed in LM percent change as a result of exercise among all participants (P = .391) or for each group (exercise P = .508, exercise with biofeedback P = .575).Conclusion:TrA PAR increased after a single session of exercises, whereas no thickness changes occurred in LM.

scholarly journals Cocontraction of Ankle Dorsiflexors and Transversus Abdominis Function in Patients With Low Back Pain

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Chul Chon ◽  
Joshua H. You ◽  
Susan A. Saliba
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Thickness Change ◽  
And Control ◽  
Ankle Dorsiflexors

Context: The abdominal draw-in maneuver (ADIM) with cocontraction has been shown to be a more effective method of activating the transversus abdominis (TrA) in healthy adults than the ADIM alone. Whether such an augmented core stabilization exercise is effective in managing low back pain (LBP) remains uncertain. Objective: To determine the effect of 2 weeks of ADIM and cocontraction training on abdominal muscle thickness and activation timing and to monitor pain and function in patients with LBP. Design: Case-control study. Setting: Local orthopaedic clinic and research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: Twenty patients with mechanical LBP (age = 27.20 ± 6.46 years, height = 166.25 ± 8.70 cm, mass = 58.10 ± 11.81 kg) and 20 healthy, age-matched people (age = 24.25 ± 1.59 years, height = 168.00 ± 8.89 cm, mass = 60.65 ± 11.99 kg) volunteered for the study. Intervention(s): Both the LBP and control groups received ten 30-minute sessions of ADIM and cocontraction training of the tibialis anterior (TA) and rectus femoris (RF) muscles over a 2-week period. Main Outcome Measure(s): A separate, mixed-model analysis of variance was computed for the thicknesses of the TrA, internal oblique (IO), and external oblique muscles. The differences in mean and peak electromyographic (EMG) amplitudes, onset time, and latency were compared between the groups. The visual analog pain scale, Pain Disability Index, and LBP rating scale were used to assess pain in the LBP group before and after the intervention. Results: We found an interaction between the LBP and control groups and a main effect from pretest to posttest for only TrA muscle thickness change (F1,38 = 6.57, P = .01). Reductions in all pain measures were observed after training (P &lt; .05). Group differences in peak and mean EMG amplitudes and onset time values for TrA/IO and TA were achieved (P &lt; .05). The RF peak (t38 = −3.12, P = .003) and mean (t38 = −4.12, P = .001) EMG amplitudes were different, but no group difference was observed in RF onset time (t38 = 1.63, P = .11) or the cocontracted TrA/IO peak (t38 = −1.90, P = .07) and mean (t38 = −1.81, P = .08). The test-retest reliability for the muscle thickness measure revealed excellent correlations (intraclass correlation coefficient range, 0.95–0.99). Conclusions: We are the first to demonstrate that a cocontraction of the ankle dorsiflexors with ADIM training might result in a thickness change in the TrA muscle and associated pain management in patients with chronic LBP.

Comparison of Selective Local and Global Muscle Thicknesses in Females with and without Chronic Low Back Pain

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Aboufazeli ◽  
Mohammad Akbari ◽  
Ali Ashraf Jamshidi ◽  
Mohammad Saleh Jafarpisheh
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Lumbar Multifidus ◽  
Sample Test

Background. Chronic low back pain (LBP) leads to long-term physical and psychological problems and may result in acute deterioration of the pain. It is hypothesized that size changes in selected limb and pelvis muscles during contracting movements are different between healthy individuals and LBP patients. Materials and methods. A case-control study including two groups of 30 female participants with and without LBP symptoms was designed. Participants were 20-45 years old (36.7±6.7, healthy subjects; 34.6±6.2 LBP subjects). Ultrasonography was used to estimate the thicknesses of the quadratus lumborum (QL), gluteus medius (GMed), transversus abdominis (TrA) and lumbar multifidus (MF). Thickness changes of the muscles in a submaximal contracting position compared to the rest position were measured. Statistical analysis included an independent t-test to determine the significance of differences, and the Kolmogrov-Smirnov two-sample test to evaluate the normality and reliability. Results. All muscles increased their thickness during contractions. The average increase in LBP subjects was lower than in the healthy subjects. The smaller increase in the muscle thickness of GMed in the LBP group may suggest a weakness because of imbalance in the GMed muscle of LBP patients. Conclusions. 1. Ultrasonography of local and global muscles is an appropriate device for clinical diagnosis of LBP. 2. Strengthening TrA, MF, and GMed muscles for pain prevention is effective in the prevention and treatment of LBP.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Low Back Pain Incidence and Ultrasound Assessment of Trunk Muscles in Adult Soccer Players: A Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pardis Noormohammadpour ◽  
Morteza Aghaei-Afshar ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mansournia ◽  
Babak Mirzashahi ◽  
Maryam Akbari-Fakhrabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Study Results

Background: Few studies have demonstrated the connection between trunk muscle thickness and low back pain (LBP) in athletes. Objectives: This study aimed to define whether the thickness of the lateral abdominal muscles (LAM) and lumbar multifidus (LM) are related to LBP incidence in elite male soccer players. Methods: In this short-term cohort study, 42 elite male soccer players from professional soccer teams were followed for a season. The muscle thickness of LAM and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the LM were assessed. The relation between the incidence of LBP and the aforementioned factors was evaluated after the cohort study. Results: Thirty-seven participants completed the study, and seven participants (18.91%) experienced LBP during the follow-up period. No significant relationship was detected between LBP and the thickness of LAM and CSA of LM (P > 0.05). None of the other variables had any relationship with LBP incidence (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The LAM thickness and CSA of LM during a resting position and drawing-in maneuver was found not to be directly related to LBP incidence in elite male soccer players in the short term. Assessing these muscles’ conditions in more functional positions could be considered for further research.

scholarly journals Reliability of Sonography Measures of the Lumbar Multifidus and Transversus Abdominis during Static and Dynamic Activities in Subjects with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Eleuterio A. Sánchez Romero ◽  
José Luis Alonso Pérez ◽  
Alberto Carlos Muñoz Fernández ◽  
Andrea Battaglino ◽  
Matteo Castaldo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Lumbar Multifidus ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Contraction Ratio ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Thickness Measurements

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the test-retest reliability of ultrasound (US) thickness measurements and the muscle contraction ratio (CR) of lumbar multifidus (LM) and transversus abdominis (TA) muscles in participants with and without nonspecific chronic low back pain (NCLBP). Methods: A total of 62 participants (37 with NCLBP, 25 without NCLBP) with participated in the study. The within-day and between-day reliability of US thickness measurements and CR in a lying (supine for TA and prone for LM) and sitting positions for both muscles (sitting on a gym ball with both feet on the ground or lifting one foot off the floor) were assessed. Reliability analysis was performed with intraclass correlations (ICCs) for these two static and dynamic positions. Results: Test-retest reliability was calculated to be good to high for the static position (ICC = 0.72–0.95) and the dynamic position (ICC = 0.74–0.94) sonographic measurements in both group of TA measurement. Test-retest reliability of LM measurements was good to high for the static position (ICC = 0.82–0.95) and the dynamic position (ICC = 0.85–0.97) sonographic measurements in both groups. Conclusions: US imaging is a highly reliable method for the assessment of TA and LM thickness muscles in the dynamic position in participants with and without NCLBP. The CR measures may be adequately reliable in assessing the function of the TA and LM muscles in participants with NCLBP and healthy ones.

scholarly journals Ultrasonographic Changes of Abdominal Muscles in Subjects with and without Chronic Low Back Pain

Healthcare ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Iria Da Cuña-Carrera ◽  
Alejandra Alonso-Calvete ◽  
Eva M. Lantarón-Caeiro ◽  
Mercedes Soto-González
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Breathing Patterns ◽  
Healthy Participants

Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a prevalent disfunction in the spine, affecting both women and men. The implication of the abdominal muscles in this disfunction has been studied, including wrong breathing patterns or inactivity of this area. However, there is a lack of studies examining changes in thickness of abdominal with ultrasonography. Thus, the aim of this study is to analyze the differences in the thickness of abdominal muscles at rest and during breathing between subjects with and without CLBP. A total of 72 subjects were divided in two groups: participants with CLBP (n = 36) and participants without CLBP (n = 36). In both groups, the thickness of the four abdominal muscles was measured and compared at rest and during breathing with ultrasonography. In TrA and IO there were no significant differences between groups, but those subjects with CLBP increased the muscle thickness more than participants without pain during breathing. In EO there were no differences in muscle thickness between groups and between rest and breathing. In RA, subjects with CLBP showed less muscle thickness than subjects without pain during breathing, but no changes were found at rest. In conclusion, the deepest abdominal muscles, TrA and IO, appear to increase their thickness and RA appear to decrease more in subjects with CLBP, in comparison with healthy participants.

Effect of 2 Lumbar Spine Postures on Transversus Abdominis Muscle Thickness During a Voluntary Contraction in People With and Without Low Back Pain

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Z. Pinto ◽  
Paulo H. Ferreira ◽  
Marcia R. Franco ◽  
Manuela L. Ferreira ◽  
Mariana C. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Transversus Abdominis Muscle

COMPARISON OF LATERAL ABDOMINAL MUSCLE THICKNESS IN YOUNG MALE SOCCER PLAYERS WITH AND WITHOUT LOW BACK PAIN

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pardis Noormohammadpour ◽  
Shadi Mirzaei ◽  
Navid Moghadam ◽  
Mohammad Ali Mansournia ◽  
Ramin Kordi
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Low Back
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