Beliefs and Information Sources of High School Athletes Regarding Muscle Development

This study examined the beliefs and sources of information regarding muscle development among 742 high school athletes in one rural county. About 40% of the athletes stated that muscle development was very important and 50% said it was somewhat important. Most of them recognized the dangers of steroids but still thought these were important in muscle development. A majority also thought nutritional and genetic factors were important. Physicians were seen as providing the most accurate information about muscle development, followed by coaches and trainers. Understanding the athletes’ beliefs and information sources about muscle development may be useful in dispelling misconceptions and providing education on the topic.

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Sources of Performance Information in the Exercise Setting

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsep.12.1.56 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 56-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Vicki Ebbeck

Keyword(s):

Goal Setting ◽

Muscle Development ◽

Information Sources ◽

Weight Training ◽

Function Analysis ◽

Information Source ◽

Student Feedback ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Perceived Effort ◽

Gender Groups

This study examined the sources of information used by adult exercisers to judge performance. Of particular interest was the investigation of gender differences. Subjects, 271 adults (174 males, 97 females) who were enrolled in a university weight training program, completed a questionnaire designed to evaluate the importance of 12 information sources in judging weight training performance: instructor feedback, student feedback, student comparison, changes noticed outside the gym, personal attraction toward the activity, degree of perceived effort exerted in the workout, performance in workout, feedback from others not in the class, goal setting, muscle development, workout improvement over time, and ease in learning new skills. Results revealed a significant discriminant function analysis for gender, with six information sources entering the stepwise procedure: goal setting, student feedback, learning, effort, improvement, and changes noticed outside the gym differentiated the gender groups. Males relied more than females on student feedback as an information source to judge performance. Alternatively, females used effort, goal setting, improvement, and learning as information sources more than males.

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Plant-based foods in Canada: information, trust and closing the commercialization gap

British Food Journal ◽

10.1108/bfj-12-2018-0826 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 121 (10) ◽

pp. 2535-2550

Author(s):

Lisa Frances Clark ◽

Ana-Maria Bogdan

Keyword(s):

Health Care Professionals ◽

Online Survey ◽

Information Sources ◽

Food Choices ◽

Accurate Information ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Content Type ◽

Information Barriers ◽

Consumption Rates ◽

Protein Rich

Purpose Despite the growing awareness of links between meat consumption and human, animal and environmental health, consumption rates of protein rich plant-based foods (PBFs) in Canada remain relatively low. The purpose of this paper is to better understand how information sources and trust relate to PBFs in Canadians’ diets, and how these variables may factor into closing the commercialization gap for PBFs in Canada. Design/methodology/approach A geographically representative sample of Canadians (n=410) participated in a 20-minute, online survey. The survey consists of 24 questions covering demographic characteristics, motivations behind current and future food choices, frequency of current PBF consumption, sources of information about PBFs and trust levels of these sources. Findings Most Canadians get information about PBFs from labels, the internet and family and friends, but only half trust these sources to provide accurate information. Sources of information (e.g. licensed health care professionals) that rank high in trust are only consulted by a minority of respondents. Several information sources (e.g. family and friends) are associated with consumers’ willingness to try new PBFs, whereas other sources (e.g. labels) are associated with Canadians being unlikely to try new PBFs. Originality/value Understanding the patterns of where Canadians access information about PBFs and what sources of information are trusted can help to strategically place information about PBF qualities among select information sources and to remove some of the information barriers contributing to the PBF commercialization gap.

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Sources of Information Underlying Personal Ability Judgments in High School Athletes

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.5.3.263 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 263-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Thelma S. Horn ◽

Susan D. Glenn ◽

Amy B. Wentzell

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Use Of Self ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

High School Athletes ◽

Evaluative Feedback ◽

Gender And Age ◽

Age And Gender Differences ◽

Sport Competence ◽

Internal Information ◽

And Gender

This study was conducted to test whether there are age and gender differences in the criteria that high school athletes use to evaluate their ability in sport contexts. To test this issue, 435 high school athletes from a variety of sports were administered the Sport Competence information Questionnaire which provides a measure of preference for 10 competence information sources. A 2 × 2 (Gender × Age Level) MANOVA revealed that older adolescents were more apt to use self-comparison/internal information, goal achievement, and sport attraction/enjoyment to judge their sport ability while younger athletes were more dependent on the evaluation of peers. In addition, females scored higher than males on the use of self-comparison/internal information and on evaluative feedback from significant others. In contrast, males scored higher on the use of competitive outcomes and speed/ease of learning to evaluate personal sport competence. The results indicate that high school athletes do vary in the sources of information they use to judge their sport competence, and that gender and age can account for a significant amount of that variation.

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Doping in sport: Attitudes, beliefs and knowledge of competitive high school athletes in Gauteng Province

South African Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.17159/2413-3108/2014/v26i3a103 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 81

Author(s):

Kim Nolte ◽

B J M Steyn ◽

P E Krüger ◽

L Fletcher

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

High Performance ◽

Survey Study ◽

Research Approach ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

High School Athletes ◽

Gauteng Province ◽

Performance Enhancing Drugs ◽

Changing Attitudes

Objective. To determine the attitudes, beliefs and knowledge of talented young athletes residing in Gauteng regarding prohibited performance-enhancing drugs (PEDs) and anti-doping rules and regulations.Methods. This was a survey study using a quantitative research approach. South African TuksSport academy athletes at the High Performance Centre, University of Pretoria, and competitive high-school athletes at four private high schools in Gauteng completed the survey. A selfdetermined, structured questionnaire was used to establish the attitudes, beliefs and knowledge of the athletes.Results. A total of 346 (208 males, 138 females) athletes, mean (standard deviation) age 16.9 (1.4) years participated in the survey. According to this survey, 3.9% of the athletes in this survey admitted to using a prohibited PED and more than 14.0% of the athletes said they would consider using a prohibited PED if they knew they would not get caught. Ambition (46.0%) and emotional pressure (22.5%) were the primary reasons why the athletes would consider using prohibited PEDs. Even though coaches appeared to be one of the main sources of information (on PEDs and anti-doping rules), only 42.1% of the athletes felt that they were well informed.Conclusion. Controlling doping by means of testing is important. However, it may be necessary to put more emphasis on changing attitudes towards doping and implementing additional educational programmes.

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