scholarly journals Interleaved atom interferometry for high-sensitivity inertial measurements

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. eaau7948 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Savoie ◽  
M. Altorio ◽  
B. Fang ◽  
L. A. Sidorenkov ◽  
R. Geiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Cold Atom ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Atom Interferometry ◽  
Gravity Gradiometry ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
Inertial Measurements ◽  
Dynamic Rotation ◽  
Vibration Noise

Cold-atom inertial sensors target several applications in navigation, geoscience, and tests of fundamental physics. Achieving high sampling rates and high inertial sensitivities, obtained with long interrogation times, represents a challenge for these applications. We report on the interleaved operation of a cold-atom gyroscope, where three atomic clouds are interrogated simultaneously in an atom interferometer featuring a sampling rate of 3.75 Hz and an interrogation time of 801 ms. Interleaving improves the inertial sensitivity by efficiently averaging vibration noise and allows us to perform dynamic rotation measurements in a so far unexplored range. We demonstrate a stability of 3 × 10−10 rad s−1 , which competes with the best stability levels obtained with fiber-optic gyroscopes. Our work validates interleaving as a key concept for future atom-interferometry sensors probing time-varying signals, as in on-board navigation and gravity gradiometry, searches for dark matter, or gravitational wave detection.

Towards a two-axis cold-atom gyroscope for rotational seismology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remi Geiger ◽  
romain gautier ◽  
leonid sidorenkov ◽  
arnaud landragin
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
Cold Atom ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
Rotational Seismology ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Noise Limit ◽  
Superposition States

<p>Cold-atom inertial sensors target several applications in navigation, prospection, geoscience and tests of fundamental physics. The operation of these sensors is based on atomic interferometry taking advantage of superpositions between quantum states of different momentum of an atom. These superposition states are obtained by means of optical transitions with two (or more) photons communicating momentum to the atom and acting as beam splitters and mirrors for the matter waves. The SYRTE cold-atom gyroscope currently represent the state of the art of atomic gyroscopes with a short-term sensitivity of 40 nrad/s/sqrt(Hz) limited by vibration noise (using a 4 Hz sampling rate), a long term stability of 3e-10 rad/s and an accuracy of 10 nrad/s. The detection noise limit of the sensor (quantum projection noise) is currently 5 nrad/s/sqrt(Hz) in the band DC-1 Hz, which already represents an interest to sense ground rotations in a typical frequency range between 1 mHz and 1 Hz. A second horizontal axis of measurement is currently being implemented. Moreover, we are designing a new experiment which aims a reaching a (quantum projection noise limited) sensitivity of 1 nrad/s/sqrt(Hz) in this frequency band along two axes of measurement, which represents an interesting perspective for the field of rotational seismology. This contribution will present the results recently achieved with the SYRTE gyroscope experiment to reach state-of-the-art performances and present the route to applications of this sensor in geosciences.</p><p> </p>

Cold atom interferometry for inertial sensing in the field

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Ravi Kumar ◽  
Ana Rakonjac
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Cold Atoms ◽  
Cold Atom ◽  
Atom Interferometry ◽  
Precision Measurements ◽  
Inertial Sensing ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Resource Exploration ◽  
Atom Interferometers

AbstractAtom interferometry is one of the most promising technologies for high precision measurements. It has the potential to revolutionise many different sectors, such as navigation and positioning, resource exploration, geophysical studies, and fundamental physics. After decades of research in the field of cold atoms, the technology has reached a stage where commercialisation of cold atom interferometers has become possible. This article describes recent developments, challenges, and prospects for quantum sensors for inertial sensing based on cold atom interferometry techniques.

Michelson laser interferometer-based vibration noise contribution measurement method for cold atom interferometry gravimeter

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 070601
Author(s):  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Qingqing Hu ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Qingchen Ji ◽  
Weijing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Laser Interferometer ◽  
Cold Atom ◽  
Atom Interferometry ◽  
Vibration Noise ◽  
Noise Contribution

High Sensitivity Gravity Measurement with Cold Atom Interferometry

CLEO: 2014 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongkun Hu ◽  
Xiao-Chun Duan ◽  
Min-Kang Zhou ◽  
Le-Le Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cold Atom ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Atom Interferometry ◽  
Gravity Measurement

Future Satellite Gravity Missions enhanced by Cold Atom Interferometry Accelerometers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annike Knabe ◽  
Hu Wu ◽  
Manuel Schilling ◽  
Alireza HosseiniArani ◽  
Jürgen Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Field ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Cold Atom ◽  
Atom Interferometry ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Lower Saxony ◽  
Satellite Gravity ◽  
German Research Foundation ◽  
Gravity Field Recovery ◽  
Satellite Gravity Missions

<p>Satellite gravity missions, like GRACE and GRACE Follow-On, successfully map the Earth’s gravity field and its changes, but the boundaries of spatial and temporal resolution need to be pushed further. The major enhancement from GRACE to GRACE-FO is the laser interferometry instrument which enables a much more accurate inter-satellite ranging. However, the accelerometers used for observing the non-conservative forces have merely been improved and are one major limiting factor for gravity field recovery. Inertial sensors based on cold atom interferometry (CAI) show promising characteristics, especially their long-term stability at frequencies below 10^-3 Hz is very beneficial. The CAI concept has already been successfully demonstrated in ground experiments. In space, an even higher sensitivity is expected due to increased interrogation time of one interferometer measurement cycle.</p><p>In this contribution, we investigate potential next-generation gravity missions (NGGM) following the GRACE design, employing an LRI with GRACE-FO characteristics and the utilisation of CAI accelerometry. The combination of CAI technology with a classic electrostatic accelerometer is evaluated as well. The sensor performances are tested via closed-loop simulations for different scenarios and the recovered gravity field results are evaluated. In order to achieve a realistic model of the atomic interferometer, noise levels depending on the architecture of the sensor and its transfer function are included. Here, also the effect of variations of the non-gravitational accelerations during one interferometer cycle is analyzed.</p><p>Another crucial aspect for satellite missions is the drag compensation. Its requirement is reduced by two orders of magnitude when using a CAI accelerometer due to its better known scale factor. The feasibility of such requirements is assessed with respect to simulated satellite dynamics for several altitudes and drag compensation parameters.</p><p>H.W. acknowledges support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy – EXC 2123 “QuantumFrontiers, Project-ID 390837967“. A.K. acknowledges initial funding for the DLR Institute by the Ministry of Science and Culture of the German State of Lower Saxony from “Niedersächsisches Vorab”. A.H. acknowledges support by DLR-Institute for Satellite Geodesy and Inertial Sensing.</p>

scholarly journals Reference in-vitro dataset for inertial-sensor-to-bone alignment applied to the tibiofemoral joint

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ive Weygers ◽  
Manon Kok ◽  
Thomas Seel ◽  
Darshan Shah ◽  
Orçun Taylan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Transformation Matrices ◽  
True Model ◽  
Advance Research ◽  
Manual Palpation ◽  
Visualization Tools ◽  
Inertial Measurements

AbstractSkin-attached inertial sensors are increasingly used for kinematic analysis. However, their ability to measure outside-lab can only be exploited after correctly aligning the sensor axes with the underlying anatomical axes. Emerging model-based inertial-sensor-to-bone alignment methods relate inertial measurements with a model of the joint to overcome calibration movements and sensor placement assumptions. It is unclear how good such alignment methods can identify the anatomical axes. Any misalignment results in kinematic cross-talk errors, which makes model validation and the interpretation of the resulting kinematics measurements challenging. This study provides an anatomically correct ground-truth reference dataset from dynamic motions on a cadaver. In contrast with existing references, this enables a true model evaluation that overcomes influences from soft-tissue artifacts, orientation and manual palpation errors. This dataset comprises extensive dynamic movements that are recorded with multimodal measurements including trajectories of optical and virtual (via computed tomography) anatomical markers, reference kinematics, inertial measurements, transformation matrices and visualization tools. The dataset can be used either as a ground-truth reference or to advance research in inertial-sensor-to-bone-alignment.

scholarly journals Ultracold atom interferometry in space

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maike D. Lachmann ◽  
Holger Ahlers ◽  
Dennis Becker ◽  
Aline N. Dinkelaker ◽  
Jens Grosse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Coherence ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Atom Interferometry ◽  
Matter Wave ◽  
Sounding Rocket ◽  
Ultracold Atom ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
Light Pulses ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
Promising Source

AbstractBose-Einstein condensates (BECs) in free fall constitute a promising source for space-borne interferometry. Indeed, BECs enjoy a slowly expanding wave function, display a large spatial coherence and can be engineered and probed by optical techniques. Here we explore matter-wave fringes of multiple spinor components of a BEC released in free fall employing light-pulses to drive Bragg processes and induce phase imprinting on a sounding rocket. The prevailing microgravity played a crucial role in the observation of these interferences which not only reveal the spatial coherence of the condensates but also allow us to measure differential forces. Our work marks the beginning of matter-wave interferometry in space with future applications in fundamental physics, navigation and earth observation.

scholarly journals Compact lightweight imager of both gamma rays and neutrons based on a pixelated stilbene scintillator coupled to a silicon photomultiplier array

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihwan Boo ◽  
Mark D. Hammig ◽  
Manhee Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Sampling Rate ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Pulse Shape Discrimination ◽  
Nuclear Materials ◽  
Silicon Photomultiplier ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Particle Imaging ◽  
Imaging Plane

AbstractDual particle imaging, in which both neutrons and gamma-rays in the environment can be individually characterized, is particularly attractive for monitoring mixed radiation emitters such as special nuclear materials (SNM). Effective SNM localization and detection benefits from high instrument sensitivity so that real-time imaging or imaging with a limited number of acquired events is enabled. For portable applications, one also desires a dual particle imager (DPI) that is readily deployable. We have developed a hand-held type DPI equipped with a pixelated stilbene-silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) array module and low sampling-rate analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) processed via a multiplexed readout. The stilbene-SiPM array (12 × 12 pixels) is capable of effectively performing pulse shape discrimination (PSD) between gamma-ray and neutron events and neutron/gamma-ray source localization on the imaging plane, as demonstrated with 252Cf neutron/gamma and 137Cs gamma-ray sources. The low sampling rate ADCs connected to the stilbene-SiPM array module result in a compact instrument with high sensitivity that provides a gamma-ray image of a 137Cs source, producing 6.4 μR/h at 1 m, in less than 69 s. A neutron image for a 3.5 × 105 n/s 252Cf source can also be obtained in less than 6 min at 1 m from the center of the system. The instrument images successfully with field of view of 50° and provides angular resolution of 6.8°.

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