Zooplankton Species Groups in the North Pacific: Co-occurrences of species can be used to derive groups whose members react similarly to water-mass types

Science ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 140 (3566) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Fager ◽  
J. A. McGowan
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Zooplankton Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
The North Pacific

scholarly journals Interdecadal Baroclinic Sea Level Changes in the North Pacific Based on Historical Ocean Hydrographic Observations

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. 4585-4594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Suzuki ◽  
Masayoshi Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Wind Stress ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Baroclinic Mode ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
The North ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract Using historical ocean hydrographic observations, decadal to multidecadal sea level changes from 1951 to 2007 in the North Pacific were investigated focusing on vertical density structures. Hydrographically, the sea level changes could reflect the following: changes in the depth of the main pycnocline, density gradient changes across the pycnocline, and modification of the water mass density structure within the pycnocline. The first two processes are characterized as the first baroclinic mode. The changes in density stratification across the pycnocline are sufficiently small to maintain the vertical profile of the first baroclinic mode in this analysis period. Therefore, the first mode should represent mainly the dynamical response to the wind stress forcing. Meanwhile, changes in the composite of all modes of order greater than 1 (remaining baroclinic mode) can be attributed to water mass modifications above the pycnocline. The first baroclinic mode is associated with 40–60-yr fluctuations in the subtropical gyre and bidecadal fluctuations of the Kuroshio Extension (KE) in response to basin-scale wind stress changes. In addition to this, the remaining baroclinic mode exhibits strong variability around the recirculation region south of the KE and regions downstream of the KE, accompanied by 40–60-yr and bidecadal fluctuations, respectively. These fluctuations follow spinup/spindown of the subtropical gyre and meridional shifts of the KE shown in the first mode, respectively. A lag correlation analysis suggests that interdecadal sea level changes due to water mass density changes are a secondary consequence of changes in basin-scale wind stress forcing related to the ocean circulation changes associated with the first mode.

scholarly journals Spatial distribution of turbulent diapycnal mixing along the Mindanao current inferred from rapid-sampling Argo floats

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying He ◽  
Jianing Wang ◽  
Fan Wang ◽  
Toshiyuki Hibiya
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Mixing ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Strong Mixing ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Diapycnal Mixing ◽  
The North ◽  
Rapid Sampling ◽  
Mindanao Current ◽  
The North Pacific

AbstractThe Mindanao Current (MC) bridges the North Pacific low-latitude western boundary current system region and the Indonesian Seas by supplying the North Pacific waters to the Indonesian Throughflow. Although the previous study speculated that the diapycnal mixing along the MC might be strong on the basis of the water mass analysis of the gridded climatologic dataset, the real spatial distribution of diapycnal mixing along the MC has remained to be clarified. We tackle this question here by applying a finescale parameterization to temperature and salinity profiles obtained using two rapid-sampling profiling Argo floats that drifted along the MC. The western boundary (WB) region close to the Mindanao Islands and the Sangihe Strait are the two mixing hotspots along the MC, with energy dissipation rate ε and diapycnal diffusivity Kρ enhanced up to ~ 10–6 W kg−1 and ~ 10–3 m2 s−1, respectively. Except for the above two mixing hotspots, the turbulent mixing along the MC is mostly weak, with ε and Kρ to be 10–11–10–9 W kg−1 and 10–6–10–5 m2 s−1, respectively. Strong mixing in the Sangihe Strait can be basically attributed to the existence of internal tides, whereas strong mixing in the WB region suggests the existence of internal lee waves. We also find that water mass transformation along the MC mainly occurs in the Sangihe Strait where the water masses are subjected to strong turbulent mixing during a long residence time.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of water mass transformation and formation rates in a high-resolution GCM of the North Pacific

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 1051-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nishikawa ◽  
H. Tsujino ◽  
K. Sakamoto ◽  
H. Nakano
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Pacific ◽  
Water Mass Transformation

scholarly journals Water mass characteristics in the Makassar Strait and Flores Sea in August-September 2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 944 (1) ◽  
pp. 012054
Author(s):  
L L Silaban ◽  
A S Atmadipoera ◽  
M T Hartanto ◽  
Herlisman
Keyword(s):  
North Pacific ◽  
Thermohaline Circulation ◽  
Water Mass ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Circulation System ◽  
The North ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
The North Pacific

Abstract Makassar Strait is one of the main entrance points for Indonesian Throughflow (ITF), which carries water from the North Pacific through Flores Sea. ITF has a crucial role as a branch of the thermohaline circulation system in controlling the Indonesian marine ecosystem as well as regional climate variability. This research aims to describe the structure and stratification of water mass and the distribution parameters of chemical physics in the area of Makassar Strait up to Flores Sea at the month of August-September 2015 as much as 8 casts of data CTD is obtained from the result of expedition STOKAS BRKP-KKP using research vessel Baruna Jaya VIII. Research results indicate that the origin of the water mass from the North Pacific is still dominant in the thermocline layer (NPSW) also in the intermediate (NPIW). On average the depth of mixed water layers 60m (± 12.59) with temperature variation between 25.62 – 27.65 C, the average depth of thermocline 130m (±43.65) with temperatures between 18.29 °C – 21.88 °C. Temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen distribution tends to be higher in the northern region. Fluorescence distribution in the south is higher than the northern region due to inputs from the Makassar upwelling.

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