Starlink already threatens optical astronomy. Now, radio astronomers are worried

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Clery
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Francesco Paresce ◽  
Mark Clampin ◽  
Colin Cox ◽  
Jim Crocker ◽  
Mark Rafal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2019 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Constance Walker ◽  
Stephen Pompea

Poor quality lighting not only impedes astronomy research and our right to see a starry night sky, but creates safety issues, affects human circadian sensitivities, disrupts ecosystems, and wastes billions of dollars/year in energy consumption. It also leads to excess carbon emissions. How do you change the mindset of society that is used to turning night into day? You educate the next generation on quality lighting. As an outcome of the International Year of Light 2015, the U.S. National Optical Astronomy Observatory’s Education and Public Outreach group has produced a Quality Lighting Teaching (QLT) Kit. The kits are designed around problem-based learning scenarios. The kit’s six activities allow students to address real lighting problems that relate to wildlife, sky glow, aging eyes, energy consumption, safety, and light trespass. The activities are optimized for 11-14 year olds, but can be expanded to younger and older. All materials are in English and Spanish. Most of the activities can be done within in a few minutes during class or afterschool in the form of stations or as stand-alones. Everything one needs for the six activities is included. Tutorial videos on how to do the activities can be found at www.noao.edu/education/qltkit.php. Ninety-two kits have been distributed to 32 countries with the help of SPIE–The International Society for Optical Engineering, CIE–International Commission on Illuminations, OSA–The Optical Society, IDA–the International Dark Sky Association, and the IAU OAD–Office of Astronomy Development. Highlights from the initial program evaluation will be discussed.


1996 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 131-138
Author(s):  
D. Mozurkewich

Until recently, all study of stellar surface structure, except for the sun, has been limited to indirect methods. This state of affairs is rapidly changing. With the introduction of interferometric techniques to optical astronomy, direct imaging of stellar surfaces is finally possible. Within a few years we will have images with sub-milliarcsecond resolution and 10 or more resolution elements across the stellar surface.In this talk, I will describe the technique of optical interferometry and explain how it can be made to work through the earth's turbulent atmosphere. I will show some actual data and describe what can be expected in the near future.


1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Crawford

This article provides a summary of the current policies and objectives of the US National Optical Astronomy Observatories (NOAO) in relation to technology transfer activities. NOAO, as one of the world's major astronomical facilities, is engaged in research and development in many areas of frontier technology. It now sees as a significant objective the development of increased interaction with outside organizations to add value, through technology transfer, to its federally funded research and technology efforts.


1992 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Molina ◽  
Ascension del Olmo ◽  
Jaime Perea ◽  
B. D. Ripley
Keyword(s):  

1998 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Derek McNally

There is no doubt that the science of astronomy is now in an exhilarating state. We are in the era of the 10 m optical telescope. Radio astronomy rivals optical astronomy in both positional precision and sensitivity. Observation from space has opened access to a wide range of frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum. The spectacular achievements of the Hubble Space Telescope underline the success story of space astronomy. At all wavelengths, detector technology has made striking advances in sensitivity and, coupled with cheap, sophisticated and powerful computers, raw data can be transformed into useful scientific data with breathtaking speed. One has only to add up the number of papers published in the three major astronomical journals to realise that one must read 100 journal pages a day (every day) to keep up with the literature in these three journals alone. Astronomy at the close of the 20th century is indeed exhilarating.


1991 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
A. M. Smith ◽  
D. L. Dilaura

ABSTRACTAtmospheric scattering of outdoor nighttime electric illumination produces the principal component of background sky luminance that seriously affects ground-based optical astronomy. The sources for this scattering are Tight emitted skyward directly from luminaires, and light reflected off the ground and other illuminated objects. Careful illumination engineering can thus significantly reduce background sky luminance in two ways: 1) by providing outdoor electric lighting equipment that controls the directions in which light is emitted, and; 2) by proper design of outdoor lighting systems which make efficient use of the east amount of light. Recent developments in applied mathematics and computer software have produced computational tools that are being used to design lighting equipment and lighting systems. The software system for luminaire design significantly reduces the cost of this process by eliminating the need for extensive prototyping and provides for inexpensive experimentation with new designs. The system for outdoor lighting calculations permits the design of highly controlled lighting systems that eliminate glare and upward directed light while providing light appropriate for the visual task. These two software systems are described, along with examples of their use in areas that directly affect astronomical observations.


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