scholarly journals DNA Microarray Profiling of a Diverse Collection of Nosocomial Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Assigns the Majority to the Correct Sequence Type and Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosomemec(SCCmec) Type and Results in the Subsequent Identification and Characterization of Novel SCCmec-SCCM1Composite Islands

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 5340-5355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna C. Shore ◽  
Orla M. Brennan ◽  
Emily C. Deasy ◽  
Angela S. Rossney ◽  
Peter M. Kinnevey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Microarray ◽  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Sccmec Type ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Microarray Profiling

ABSTRACTOne hundred seventy-five isolates representative of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) clones that predominated in Irish hospitals between 1971 and 2004 and that previously underwent multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and staphylococcal cassette chromosomemec(SCCmec) typing were characterized byspatyping (175 isolates) and DNA microarray profiling (107 isolates). The isolates belonged to 26 sequence type (ST)-SCCmectypes and subtypes and 35spatypes. The array assigned all isolates to the correct MLST clonal complex (CC), and 94% (100/107) were assigned an ST, with 98% (98/100) correlating with MLST. The array assigned all isolates to the correct SCCmectype, but subtyping of only some SCCmecelements was possible. Additional SCCmec/SCC genes or DNA sequence variation not detected by SCCmectyping was detected by array profiling, including the SCC-fusidic acid resistance determinant Q6GD50/fusC. Novel SCCmec/SCC composite islands (CIs) were detected among CC8 isolates and comprised SCCmecIIA-IIE, IVE, IVF, or IVg and accrAB4-SCC element with 99% DNA sequence identity to SCCM1from ST8/t024-MRSA, SCCmecVIII, and SCC-CI inStaphylococcus epidermidis. The array showed that the majority of isolates harbored one or more superantigen (94%; 100/107) and immune evasion cluster (91%; 97/107) genes. Apart from fusidic acid and trimethoprim resistance, the correlation between isolate antimicrobial resistance phenotype and the presence of specific resistance genes was ≥97%. Array profiling allowed high-throughput, accurate assignment of MRSA to CCs/STs and SCCmectypes and provided further evidence of the diversity of SCCmec/SCC. In most cases, array profiling can accurately predict the resistance phenotype of an isolate.

scholarly journals Extensive Genetic Diversity Identified among Sporadic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Recovered in Irish Hospitals between 2000 and 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 1907-1917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Kinnevey ◽  
Anna C. Shore ◽  
Grainne I. Brennan ◽  
Derek J. Sullivan ◽  
Ralf Ehricht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Type Assignment ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes ◽  
Microarray Profiling ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Ongoing Surveillance

ABSTRACTClonal replacement of predominant nosocomial methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) strains has occurred several times in Ireland during the last 4 decades. However, little is known about sporadically occurring MRSA in Irish hospitals or in other countries. Eighty-eight representativepvl-negative sporadic MRSA isolates recovered in Irish hospitals between 2000 and 2012 were investigated. These yielded unusual pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and antibiogram-resistogram typing patterns distinct from those of the predominant nosocomial MRSA clone, ST22-MRSA-IV, during the study period. Isolates were characterized byspatyping and DNA microarray profiling for multilocus sequence type (MLST) clonal complex (CC) and/or sequence type (ST) and SCCmectype assignment, as well as for detection of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes. Conventional PCR-based SCCmecsubtyping was undertaken when necessary. Extensive diversity was detected, including 38spatypes, 13 MLST-CCs (including 18 STs among 62 isolates assigned to STs), and 25 SCCmectypes (including 2 possible novel SCCmecelements and 7 possible novel SCCmecsubtypes). Fifty-four MLST-spa-SCCmectype combinations were identified. Overall, 68.5% of isolates were assigned to nosocomial lineages, with ST8-t190-MRSA-IID/IIE ± SCCM1predominating (17.4%), followed by CC779/ST779-t878-MRSA-ψSCCmec-SCC-SCCCRISPR(7.6%) and CC22/ST22-t032-MRSA-IVh (5.4%). Community-associated clones, including CC1-t127/t386/t2279-MRSA-IV, CC59-t216-MRSA-V, CC8-t008-MRSA-IVa, and CC5-t002/t242-MRSA-IV/V, and putative animal-associated clones, including CC130-t12399-MRSA-XI, ST8-t064-MRSA-IVa, ST398-t011-MRSA-IVa, and CC6-t701-MRSA-V, were also identified. In total, 53.3% and 47.8% of isolates harbored genes for resistance to two or more classes of antimicrobial agents and two or more mobile genetic element-encoded virulence-associated factors, respectively. Effective ongoing surveillance of sporadic nosocomial MRSA is warranted for early detection of emerging clones and reservoirs of virulence, resistance, and SCCmecgenes.

scholarly journals In VitroEfficacies and Resistance Profiles of Rifampin-Based Combination Regimens for Biofilm-Embedded Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 5717-5720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Jen Tang ◽  
Chi-Chung Chen ◽  
Kuo-Chen Cheng ◽  
Kuan-Ying Wu ◽  
Yi-Chung Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Biofilm Model ◽  
Rifampin Resistance ◽  
Combination Regimens ◽  
Resistant Mutation

ABSTRACTTo compare thein vitroantibacterial efficacies and resistance profiles of rifampin-based combinations against methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in a biofilm model, the antibacterial activities of vancomycin, teicoplanin, daptomycin, minocycline, linezolid, fusidic acid, fosfomycin, and tigecycline alone or in combination with rifampin against biofilm-embedded MRSA were measured. The rifampin-resistant mutation frequencies were evaluated. Of the rifampin-based combinations, rifampin enhances the antibacterial activities of and even synergizes with fusidic acid, tigecycline, and, to a lesser extent, linezolid, fosfomycin, and minocycline against biofilm-embedded MRSA. Such combinations with weaker rifampin resistance induction activities may provide a therapeutic advantage in MRSA biofilm-related infections.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequences of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains 110900 and 128254, Two Representatives of the CRISPR-Cas-Carrying Sequence Type 630/spa Type t4549 Lineage

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael N. Sieber ◽  
Søren Overballe-Petersen ◽  
Hülya Kaya ◽  
Anders R. Larsen ◽  
Andreas Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spa Type

ABSTRACT Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence type 630 (ST630) and spa type t4549 is an emerging lineage in Nordic countries, and some representatives carry the CRISPR-Cas system. Here, the complete genome sequences of two isolates from this lineage are presented, comprising chromosomes of 2,918,239 and 2,877,083 nucleotides, respectively, and a 2,473-nucleotide plasmid carrying erm(C).

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Systemically Disseminated Sequence Type 8 Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Type IVl Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (35) ◽  
Author(s):  
Junzo Hisatsune ◽  
Hideharu Hagiya ◽  
Sumiko Shiota ◽  
Motoyuki Sugai
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome ◽  
Epidermal Cell Differentiation

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus JH4899, a community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) isolate collected from a patient with systematically disseminated infection, is classified as sequence type 8 and carries the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type IVl (SCCmecIVl). It produces TSST-1, SEC, a newly discovered enterotoxin (SE1), and epidermal cell differentiation inhibitor A (EDIN-A). Here, we present the complete genome sequence of the chromosome and a plasmid harboring the se1 and ednA genes.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 1, SCC mec IV[2B], Isolated in the 1990s from Northern Western Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola M. Karakatsanis ◽  
Shakeel Mowlaboccus ◽  
Elena Colombi ◽  
Julie C. Pearson ◽  
Joshua P. Ramsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Indigenous Australian ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type

Sequence type 1 (ST1) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) type IV[2B] has become one of the most common community-associated MRSA clones in Australia. We report the complete genome sequence of one of the earliest isolated Australian S. aureus ST1-MRSA-IV strains, WBG8287, isolated from an Indigenous Australian patient living in the remote Kimberley Region of Western Australia.

scholarly journals A Multicenter Study To Evaluate Ceftaroline Breakpoints: Performance in an Area with High Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 5 Lineage

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Khan ◽  
Lina M. Rivas ◽  
Maria Spencer ◽  
Rodrigo Martinez ◽  
Marusella Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bmd Testing ◽  
High Prevalence

ABSTRACT Ceftaroline (CPT) is a broad-spectrum agent with potent activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The sequence type 5 (ST5) Chilean-Cordobés clone, associated with CPT nonsusceptibility, is dominant in Chile, a region with high rates of MRSA infections. Here, we assessed the in vitro activity of CPT against a collection of MRSA isolates collected between 1999 and 2018 from nine hospitals (n = 320) and community settings (n = 41) in Santiago, Chile, and evaluated performance across testing methodologies. We found that our hospital-associated isolates exhibited higher CPT MIC distributions (MIC50 and MIC90 of 2 mg/liter) than the community isolates (MIC50 and MIC90 of 0.5 mg/liter), a finding that was consistent across time and independent of the culture source. High proportions (64%) of isolates were CPT nonsusceptible despite the absence of CPT use in Chile. Across methodologies, the Etest underestimated the MIC relative to the gold standard broth microdilution (BMD) test (MIC50 and MIC90 of 1 and 1.5 mg/liter, respectively). There was low (∼51%) categorical agreement (CA) between Etest and BMD results across CLSI and EUCAST breakpoints. The recent revision of CLSI guidelines abolished “very major error” (VME) from the previous guidelines (81%), which perform similarly to the EUCAST guidelines. The level of concordance between CLSI and EUCAST for BMD testing and Etest was >95%. Disk diffusion performed poorly relative to BMD under CLSI (CA, 55%) and EUCAST (CA, 36%) guidelines. Comparison of EUCAST to CLSI for disk diffusion (with EUCAST used as the reference) showed low agreement (CA, 25%; VME, 70%). In summary, CPT-nonsusceptible MRSA are dominant in clinical settings in Chile. Our results provide data to support the reevaluation of CPT breakpoints and to improve agreement across methodologies and agencies.

scholarly journals Full-Genome Sequencing Identifies in the Genetic Background Several Determinants That Modulate the Resistance Phenotype in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Carrying the Novel mecC Gene

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Milheiriço ◽  
Hermínia de Lencastre ◽  
Alexander Tomasz
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Oxacillin Resistance ◽  
Mrsa Strains

ABSTRACT Most methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics due to the presence of the mecA gene, encoding an extra penicillin-binding protein (PBP2A) that has low affinity for virtually all beta-lactam antibiotics. Recently, a new resistance determinant—the mecC gene—was identified in S. aureus isolates recovered from humans and dairy cattle. Although having typically low MICs to beta-lactam antibiotics, MRSA strains with the mecC determinant are also capable of expressing high levels of oxacillin resistance when in an optimal genetic background. In order to test the impact of extensive beta-lactam selection on the emergence of mecC-carrying strains with high levels of antibiotic resistance, we exposed the prototype mecC-carrying MRSA strain, LGA251, to increasing concentrations of oxacillin. LGA251 was able to rapidly adapt to high concentrations of oxacillin in growth medium. In such laboratory mutants with increased levels of oxacillin resistance, we identified mutations in genes with no relationship to the mecC regulatory system, indicating that the genetic background plays an important role in the establishment of the levels of oxacillin resistance. Our data also indicate that the stringent stress response plays a critical role in the beta-lactam antibiotic resistance phenotype of MRSA strains carrying the mecC determinant.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of 14 Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 398 Isolates from Swine Farms in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (44) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Hau ◽  
Darrell O. Bayles ◽  
David P. Alt ◽  
Timothy S. Frana ◽  
Tracy L. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mrsa St398

ABSTRACT Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) is a bacterium carried by or obtained from swine and other livestock. The initial and predominant swine-associated LA-MRSA sequence type (ST) identified is ST398. Here, we present 14 draft genome sequences from LA-MRSA ST398 isolates found in the United States.

scholarly journals Molecular Evolution and Adaptation of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) Sequence Type 9

mSystems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangyou Yu ◽  
Astrid V. Cienfuegos-Gallet ◽  
Marcus H. Cunningham ◽  
Ye Jin ◽  
Bingjie Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Asian Continent ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Severe Infections

Staphylococcus aureus sequence type 9 (ST9) is the main LA-MRSA clone spreading in the Asian continent. It can colonize and cause mild to severe infections both in animal and humans.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequences of One Methicillin-Sensitive and Seven Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 5 Isolates Obtained in California

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (42) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha J. Hau ◽  
Darrell O. Bayles ◽  
David P. Alt ◽  
Tracy L. Nicholson
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Mobile Genetic Elements ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Commensal Bacterium ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is a commensal bacterium of humans that can cause a spectrum of diseases. An isolate’s capacity to cause disease is partially attributed to the acquisition of novel mobile genetic elements. This report provides the draft genome sequence of one methicillin-susceptible and seven methicillin-resistant clinical human S. aureus isolates.

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