scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics of fleroxacin after multiple oral dosing in patients receiving regular hemodialysis.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1903-1909 ◽  
Author(s):  
D E Uehlinger ◽  
F Schaedeli ◽  
M Kinzig ◽  
F Sörgel ◽  
F J Frey
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Regular Hemodialysis

The pharmacokinetic profile of fleroxacin was studied in eight noninfected patients receiving regular hemodialysis (four women and four men; mean age, 63 years; age range, 48 to 73 years). Dialysis clearances (mean +/- standard deviation) calculated from the amount of drug recovered in the dialysate exceeded those calculated from rates of extraction from plasma for fleroxacin (126 +/- 29 versus 73 +/- 11 ml/min) and its metabolite N-demethylfleroxacin (103 +/- 31 versus 72 +/- 15 ml/min) but not that for the metabolite fleroxacin N-oxide (100 +/- 25 versus 100 +/- 12 ml/min). Data were fitted to a two-compartment model over the total observation period of 8 days (six oral daily doses of 200 mg of fleroxacin on days 1 to 6 and hemodialysis treatments on day 1,3, and 6) by nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. The random variability of plasma fleroxacin concentrations was 13% about its prediction. The estimated metabolic clearance was 25 ml/min (coefficient of variation, 43%), and the calculated steady-state volume of distribution was 84 liters (coefficient of variation, 16%). The model was expanded for the two major metabolites by the addition of a two-compartment metabolite distribution. Formation clearances of N-demethylfleroxacin and fleroxacin N-oxide were estimated to be 54 and 33% of fleroxacin's metabolic clearance, respectively. The conclusions were as follows. Because of the slow metabolic clearance and intermittent dialysis treatment, steady-state conditions were not reached after 1 week of oral fleroxacin therapy, and there was relevant accumulation of fleroxacin as well as that of fleroxacin N-oxide in our patients with end-stage renal disease. We recommend that infected hemodialysis patients be treated with an initial oral dose of 400 mg of fleroxacin and then daily oral doses of 200 mg. One cannot recommend the treatment of this patient population with fleroxacin over prolonged time periods until more date about the levels of accumulation of fleroxacin and its metabolites in infected patients with renal disease are available.

scholarly journals The Role of Pharmacokinetics in Anaesthesia: Application to Intravenous Infusions

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Stanski
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Drug Dose ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Drug Infusion ◽  
Fixed Rate ◽  
Elimination Half

Pharmacokinetic concepts describe the relationship between drug dose and resulting plasma concentration. A drug's pharmacokinetic profile can be described by distribution and elimination half-lives, initial volume of distribution, steady-state distribution volume, and metabolic and distributional clearance. After initiating a fixed rate of drug infusion, four to five terminal elimination half-lives are required to reach a steady state of constant plasma concentration. If a loading dose is given, a steady state can be achieved more rapidly. The most rapid method of achieving a constant plasma concentration involves using a variable rate of drug infusion that adjusts for the metabolic clearance and distribution of the drug. Computer-driven infusion pumps can be used to rapidly achieve, then maintain, constant plasma concentrations of a drug.

scholarly journals Assessment of cognitive functions and adaptive behavior in children with end-stage renal disease on regular hemodialysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
MohamedAbdelaziz El-Gamasy ◽  
AzzaKamal Al Shahawy ◽  
MohammedAbd Elhakeem Seleem ◽  
Wegdan Mawlana ◽  
AmiraHassan El Sharkaway
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Regular Hemodialysis

scholarly journals THE CORRELATION OF ANEMIA AND HEPCIDIN SERUM LEVELS IN REGULAR HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C IN HAJI ADAM MALIK HOSPITAL MEDAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 218
Author(s):  
Wingsar Indrawanto ◽  
Adi Koesoema Aman ◽  
Alwi Thamrin
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Regular Hemodialysis

Background : End stage renal disease patients who undergo hemodialysis therapy are the high-risk populations who are infected by hepatitis C virus. Some studies have been reported that hepcidin levels decreased in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepcidin serum concentrations were also reported to increase in patients with renal failure in the line with increased severity of renal failure, which can cause the accumulation of hepcidin which culminates in anemia because iron deficiency. This Study was to analyze the correlation of anemia and hepcidin serum levels in patients end stage renal disease who undergoing regular hemodialysis with chronic hepatitis C.Methods : This study was an analytic observational with cross sectional design which was conduted on 24 patients end stage renal disease (ESRD) with chronic hepatitis C and 24 patients  with ESRD without hepatitis who are undergoing regular hemodialysis theraphy in Haji Adam Malik Hospital, Medan in July – September 2016. All study subjects were examined for full blood count and hepcidin serum levels. The result of the iron status were recorded from the patient’s medical record.Result : In this study, the mean hemoglobin was 8,15±1,44 g/dL, mean hematocrit 25,42±4,53%, median hepcidin levels 29,75 (4,92-359,49) in the patients ESRD with chronic hepatitis C  and mean hemoglobin 8,21±1,50 g/dL, mean hematocrit 25,25±4,37%, median hepcidin levels 30,33 (11,65-141,53) in the patients ESRD without hepatitis. In Spearman’s rho test  was showed a positive correlation that significant between hepcidin and hemoglobin (r = 0,439, p = 0,032), hepcidin and hematocrit (r = 0,021, p = 0,024) in patients ESRD with chronic hepatitis C.Conclusion : This study showed there was a positive correlation between anemia and hepcidin serum levels in patients ESRD who undergoing regular hemodialysis with chronic hepatitis C.

scholarly journals Neurophysiologic Study in Children with End Stage Renal Disease on Regular Hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
‪mohamed ‬ hasan ◽  
Moftah Rabeea ◽  
Hassan Hassan ◽  
ann Abd-Elkader ◽  
Eman Elzamarany
Keyword(s):  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Regular Hemodialysis

scholarly journals The relation between vitamin D status and anemia in patients with end stage renal disease on regular hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e15-e15
Author(s):  
Essam Nour el Din Afifi ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Tawfik ◽  
Essam Eldin Rashed Saeed Abdulkhalek ◽  
Lina Essam Khedr
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Serum Calcium ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Regular Hemodialysis

Introduction: Anemia is a common complication in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on regular hemodialysis (HD). There has been a lot of interest recently in the non-classical effects of 25(OH) vitamin D (calcidiol), including its association with erythropoiesis and anemia pathogenesis. Objectives: To study the relation between anemia and vitamin D status in patients on regular HD Results: This study is a cross-sectional study that included 90 patients on regular HD. Vitamin D status was classified into deficient (<20 ng/ mL), insufficient (20-30 ng/mL) and sufficient (>30 ng/mL). The level of vitamin D measured in the patients ranged between 3.5 to 66 ng/mL with median of 16.35 ng/mL. There were statistically significant positive correlations between vitamin D levels and the level of hemoglobin (P<0.001), serum calcium levels (P<0.001) and serum PO4 levels (P=0.023). Higher hemoglobin levels were statistically related to both higher vitamin D values (P<0.001) and higher serum calcium concentration P<0.001). Meanwhile, a significant negative correlation was found between hemoglobin levels and serum PTH values (P<0.001). Conclusion: There was a significant association between the status of vitamin D and the level of hemoglobin in dialysis population who were studied, independent from iron status. other associations with hemoglobin levels included PTH level and calcium.

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