scholarly journals In Vitro Interactions of Approved and Novel Drugs against Paecilomyces spp

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 2727-2729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montserrat Ortoneda ◽  
Javier Capilla ◽  
F. Javier Pastor ◽  
Isabel Pujol ◽  
Clara Yustes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Paecilomyces Variotii ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
In Vitro Interactions

ABSTRACT We have evaluated the in vitro activity of 15 combinations of antifungal drugs (amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole, albaconazole, ravuconazole, terbinafine, and micafungin) against four isolates of Paecilomyces variotii and three of P. lilacinus. The interaction of terbinafine with the four azoles was synergistic for 53% of the combinations, while the interactions of both amphotericin B and micafungin with the rest of antifungal agents were mainly indifferent.

scholarly journals Comparison of In Vitro Activity of Liposomal Nystatin againstAspergillus Species with Those of Nystatin, Amphotericin B (AB) Deoxycholate, AB Colloidal Dispersion, Liposomal AB, AB Lipid Complex, and Itraconazole

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1264-1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Oakley ◽  
Caroline B. Moore ◽  
David W. Denning
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Colloidal Dispersion ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Lipid Complex

ABSTRACT We compared the in vitro activity of liposomal nystatin (Nyotran) with those of other antifungal agents against 60Aspergillus isolates. Twelve isolates were itraconazole resistant. For all isolates, geometric mean (GM) MICs (micrograms per milliliter) were 2.30 for liposomal nystatin, 0.58 for itraconazole, 0.86 for amphotericin B (AB) deoxycholate, 9.51 for nystatin, 2.07 for liposomal AB, 2.57 for AB lipid complex, and 0.86 for AB colloidal dispersion. Aspergillus terreus (GM, 8.72 μg/ml; range, 8 to 16 μg/ml) was significantly less susceptible to all of the polyene drugs than all other species (P = 0.0001).

In vitro activity of BMS-181184 compared with those of fluconazole and amphotericin B against various candida spp.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 2229-2231 ◽  
Author(s):  
H M Wardle ◽  
D Law ◽  
D W Denning
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
New Class ◽  
Microdilution Method

We compared the in vitro activity of BMS-181184, the first compound of a new class of antifungal agents, the pradimicins, with those of fluconazole and amphotericin B against 64 clinical isolates of Candida species. MICs were determined by a microdilution method with high resolution medium for BMS-181184 and fluconazole and antibiotic medium no. 3 with 2% glucose for amphotericin B. MICs of BMS-181184 for all yeasts were in the range of 0.78 to 12.5 micrograms/ml. BMS-181184 was active against isolates resistant to other antifungal agents, consistent with a novel mode of action. Minimum fungicidal concentrations for 16 isolates showed that BMS-181184 was fungicidal. Clinical studies are now required to confirm its activity.

scholarly journals In Vitro Susceptibilities of 217 Clinical Isolates of Zygomycetes to Conventional and New Antifungal Agents

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 2587-2590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos G. Almyroudis ◽  
Deanna A. Sutton ◽  
Annette W. Fothergill ◽  
Michael G. Rinaldi ◽  
Shimon Kusne
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Cunninghamella Bertholletiae

ABSTRACT We evaluated the in vitro susceptibilities of 217 zygomycetes to amphotericin B, ketoconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, caspofungin, and flucytosine. The significant in vitro activity of posaconazole against several species appears to support its reported clinical efficacy. Decreased susceptibility to amphotericin B was noted with Cunninghamella bertholletiae.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of quinolone antibiotics in modulating the effects of antifungal drugs.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2518-2521 ◽  
Author(s):  
A M Sugar ◽  
X P Liu ◽  
R J Chen
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Quinolone Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Gyrase A ◽  
Yeasts And Molds

Quinolone antibacterial drugs inhibit DNA gyrase, a type 2 topoisomerase. Since topoisomerases are present in eukaryotic cells, it was of interest to evaluate the antifungal activities of two clinically available quinolones, ciprofloxacin and trovafloxacin, alone and in combination with amphotericin B or fluconazole, in vitro against Candida albicans and in a murine model of invasive candidiasis. The in vitro activity of trovafloxacin was also tested against other yeasts and molds. In vitro, trovafloxacin exhibited no antifungal activity against any of the fungi (MIC, >250 microg/ml). There was also no effect of the quinolone on the in vitro activity of either antifungal drug. Marked antifungal effects were seen, however, in the murine model of candidiasis. In all experiments, control mice infected intravenously with C. albicans were dead by day 24. While either quinolone had minimal effects on survival of mice when used alone in oral doses of up to 40 mg/kg twice daily, the combination of the quinolone with fluconazole (40 or 80 mg/kg given twice daily by oral gavage) was more effective in prolonging survival than was fluconazole alone. Colony counts of kidneys on days 12 and 30 showed similar reductions in C. albicans recovered from mice treated with fluconazole with or without trovafloxacin or amphotericin B with or without trovafloxacin. Survival of mice treated with a suboptimal dose of amphotericin B (0.2 mg/kg/day) was also improved when trovafloxacin (40 mg/kg) given twice daily was included (0 versus 27%, respectively; P < 0.05). While the mechanisms of action of the combination of trovafloxacin and amphotericin B or fluconazole are unclear, further work focused on fungal topoisomerase inhibition and the mechanism of the antifungal effect of quinolone antibacterial drugs is warranted.

In Vitro Activities of Voriconazole (UK-109,496) and Four Other Antifungal Agents against 394 Clinical Isolates ofCandida spp.

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Marco ◽  
M. A. Pfaller ◽  
S. Messer ◽  
R. N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
National Committee ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Medical Centers

ABSTRACT Voriconazole (formerly UK-109,496) is a new monotriazole antifungal agent which has potent activity against Candida,Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus species. We investigated the in vitro activity of voriconazole compared to those of fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B, and flucytosine (5FC) against 394 bloodstream isolates of Candida (five species) obtained from more than 30 different medical centers. MICs of all antifungal drugs were determined by the method recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards using RPMI 1640 test medium. Overall, voriconazole was quite active against all the yeast isolates (MIC at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited [MIC90], ≤0.5 μg/ml). Candida albicans was the most susceptible species (MIC90, 0.06 μg/ml) andCandida glabrata and Candida krusei were the least (MIC90, 1 μg/ml). Voriconazole was more active than amphotericin B and 5FC against all species except C. glabrata and was also more active than itraconazole and fluconazole. For isolates of Candida spp. with decreased susceptibility to fluconazole and itraconazole MICs of voriconazole were also higher. Based on these results, voriconazole has promising antifungal activity and further in vitro and in vivo investigations are warranted.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of the New Azole Isavuconazole (BAL4815) Compared with Six Other Antifungal Agents against 162 Cryptococcus neoformans Isolates from Cuba

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1580-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Teresa Illnait-Zaragozi ◽  
Gerardo F. Martínez ◽  
Ilse Curfs-Breuker ◽  
Carlos M. Fernández ◽  
Teun Boekhout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity

ABSTRACT Cuban Cryptococcus isolates (n = 165) were tested in vitro against amphotericin B, flucytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole, giving MIC90 values of 0.25, 8, 4, 0.25, 0.125, 0.016, and 0.016 μg/ml, respectively. Isavuconazole and posaconazole seem to be potentially active drugs for treating cryptococcal infections.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of Ravuconazole and Voriconazole Compared with Those of Four Approved Systemic Antifungal Agents against 6,970 Clinical Isolates of Candida spp

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1723-1727 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Pfaller ◽  
S. A. Messer ◽  
R. J. Hollis ◽  
R. N. Jones ◽  
D. J. Diekema
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Dose Dependent

ABSTRACT The in vitro activities of ravuconazole and voriconazole were compared with those of amphotericin B, flucytosine (5FC), itraconazole, and fluconazole against 6,970 isolates of Candida spp. obtained from over 200 medical centers worldwide. Both ravuconazole and voriconazole were very active against all Candida spp. (MIC at which 90% of the isolates tested are inhibited [MIC90], 0.25 μg/ml; 98% of MICs were ≤1 μg/ml); however, a decrease in the activities of both of these agents was noted among isolates that were susceptible-dose dependent (fluconazole MIC, 16 to 32 μg/ml) and resistant (MIC, ≥ 64 μg/ml) to fluconazole. Candida albicans was the most susceptible species (MIC90 of both ravuconazole and voriconazole, 0.03 μg/ml), and C. glabrata was the least susceptible species (MIC90, 1 to 2 μg/ml). Ravuconazole and voriconazole were each more active in vitro than amphotericin B, 5FC, itraconazole, and fluconazole against all Candida spp. and were the only agents with good in vitro activity against C. krusei. These results provide further evidence for the spectrum and potency of ravuconazole and voriconazole against a large and geographically diverse collection of Candida spp.

scholarly journals In Vitro Interactions of Micafungin with Amphotericin B against Clinical Isolates of Candida spp.

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 1529-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Serena ◽  
Marçal Mariné ◽  
Guillermo Quindós ◽  
Alfonso J. Carrillo ◽  
J. F. Cano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Synergistic Interactions ◽  
Time Kill ◽  
In Vitro Interactions

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of amphotericin B in combination with micafungin was evaluated against 115 isolates representing seven species of Candida. Overall, the percentages of synergistic interactions were 50% and 20% when the MIC-2 (lowest drug concentration to cause a prominent reduction in growth) and MIC-0 (lowest drug concentration to cause 100% growth inhibition) end point criteria, respectively, were used. Antagonism was not observed. Some of the interactions were confirmed by time-kill assays.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activities of Approved and Investigational Antifungal Agents against 44 Clinical Isolates of Basidiomycetous Fungi

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 633-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria M. González ◽  
Deanna A. Sutton ◽  
Elizabeth Thompson ◽  
Rolando Tijerina ◽  
Michael G. Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Bjerkandera Adusta

ABSTRACT The in vitro activity of amphotericin B, fluconazole, flucytosine, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole was evaluated against 44 clinical isolates of filamentous basidiomycetous fungi. No statistically significant differences were noted betweenSchizophyllum commune (n = 5),Coprinus species (n = 8),Bjerkandera adusta (n = 14), and sterile, uncharacterized basidiomycetes (n = 17).

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of Combinations of Zinc Chelators with Amphotericin B and Posaconazole against Six Mucorales Species

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Leonardelli ◽  
Daiana Macedo ◽  
Catiana Dudiuk ◽  
Laura Theill ◽  
Matias S. Cabeza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Vitro Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Therapy Strategies ◽  
Strain Dependent

ABSTRACT Mucormycosis is an emerging disease with high mortality rates. Few antifungal drugs are active against Mucorales. Considering the low efficacy of monotherapy, combination-therapy strategies have been described. It is known that fungi are susceptible to zinc deprivation, so we tested the in vitro effect of the zinc chelators clioquinol, phenanthroline, and N,N,N′,N′-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethane-1,2-diamine combined with amphotericin B or posaconazole against 25 strains of Mucorales. Clioquinol-posaconazole was the most active combination, although results were strain dependent.

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