scholarly journals Identification and Ecophysiological Characterization of Epiphytic Protein-Hydrolyzing Saprospiraceae (“Candidatus Epiflobacter” spp.) in Activated Sludge

2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
pp. 2229-2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Xia ◽  
Yunhong Kong ◽  
Trine Rolighed Thomsen ◽  
Per Halkjær Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
The Family ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

ABSTRACT The identity and ecophysiology of a group of uncultured protein-hydrolyzing epiphytic rods attached to filamentous bacteria in activated sludge from nutrient removal plants were investigated by using the full-cycle rRNA approach combined with microautoradiography and histochemical staining. The epiphytic group consists of three closely related clusters, each containing 11 to 16 clones. The closest related cultured isolate is the type strain Haliscomenobacter hydrossis (ATCC 27775) (<87% similarity) in the family Saprospiraceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes. Oligonucleotide probes at different hierarchical levels were designed for each cluster and used for ecophysiological studies. All three clusters behaved similarly in their physiology and were specialized in protein hydrolysis and used amino acids as energy and carbon sources. They were not involved in denitrification. No storage of polyphosphate and polyhydroxyalkanoates was found. They all colonized probe-defined filamentous bacteria belonging to the phyla Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, and candidate phylum TM7, with the exception of cluster 1, which did not colonize TM7 filaments. The three epiphytic clusters were all widespread in domestic and industrial wastewater treatment plants with or without biological phosphorus removal, constituting, in total, up to 9% of the bacterial biovolume. A new genus, “Candidatus Epiflobacter,” is proposed for this epiphytic group in activated-sludge treatment plants, where it presumably plays an important role in protein degradation.

Modelling of full-scale wastewater treatment plants with different treatment processes using the Activated Sludge Model no. 3

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wichern ◽  
F. Obenaus ◽  
P. Wulf ◽  
K.-H. Rosenwinkel
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Activated Sludge Model ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
P Removal

In 1999 the Activated Sludge Model no. 3 (ASM 3) by the IWA task Group on Mathematical Modeling for Design and Operation of Biological Wastewater Treatment was presented. The model is used for simulation of nitrogen removal. On the basis of a new calibration of the ASM 3 with the easy degradable COD measured by respiration simulation runs of this paper have been done. In 2000 a biological phosphorus removal module by the EAWAG was added to the calibrated version of ASM 3 and is now serving the current requirements for modelling the enhanced biological P-removal. Only little experiences with different load situations of large-scale wastewater treatment plants were made with both new models so far. This article reports the experiences with the simulation and calibration of the biological parameters using ASM 3 and the EAWAG BioP Module. Three different large-scale wastewater treatment plants in Germany with different treatment systems will be discussed (Koblenz: pre-denitrification; Hildesheim: simultaneous denitrification with EBPR; Duderstadt: intermediate denitrification with EBPR). Informations regarding the choice of kinetic and stoichiometric parameters will be given.

Wastewater and biomass characterization for the Activated Sludge Model No. 2: biological phosphorus removal

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Henze ◽  
W. Gujer ◽  
T. Mino ◽  
T. Matsuo ◽  
M. C. Wentzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Activated Sludge Model ◽  
Biomass Characterization ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

The characterization of wastewater and biomass in relation to the Activated Sludge Model No. 2 is described. A new fraction of organic fermentable matter is needed. Phosphate accumulating organisms and their structural compounds polyphosphate and polyhydroxyalkanoate have to be included in the biomass characterization. There is still a need for development of analytical methods for characterization of the various components.

Phylogenetic analysis and in situ identification of “Nostocoida limicola”-like filamentous bacteria in activated sludge from industrial wastewater treatment plants

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Snaidr ◽  
C. Beimfohr ◽  
C. Levantesi ◽  
S. Rossetti ◽  
J. van der Waarde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Molecular Probes ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Filamentous Bacteria ◽  
Industrial Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biological Methods

The diversity of filamentous bacteria present in industrial wastewater treatment plants was analysed by a combination of classical and molecular-biological approaches. Many unknown filamentous bacteria were observed in about 80 screened activated sludge samples from different industries with sometimes severe bulking sludge problems. A special focus was paid to filaments which resembled “Nostocoida limicola”, a filamentous bacterium which was found to be present in many WWTPs. These filamentous bacteria are hardly cultivable and only one strain was obtained and maintained in co-culture with a yeast. The 16S rRNA sequences of several other “Nostocoida limicola”-like filamentous bacteria from different sludge samples were obtained by micromanipulation and different molecular-biological methods. The sequences were phylogenetically analyzed and specific molecular probes were developed and applied. The results clearly demonstrate that “Nostocoida limicola”-like filaments from industrial WWTPs are different from all other “Nostocoida limicola” types investigated so far. Our strains are affiliated to the alpha-subclass of Proteobacteria.

scholarly journals Runella limosa sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 2757-2760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hyun Ryu ◽  
Thi Thu Hien Nguyen ◽  
Woojun Park ◽  
Chang-Jin Kim ◽  
Che Ok Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
The Family ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

A Gram-negative bacterium, designated strain EMB111T, was isolated from activated sludge performing enhanced biological phosphorus removal in a sequencing batch reactor. Cells were long and rod-shaped. The isolate was strictly aerobic and non-motile. The strain grew optimally at 25–30 °C and pH 7.5–8.0. The predominant fatty acids of strain EMB111T were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1 ω5c, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The strain contained a large amount of phosphatidylglycerol and small amounts of two unknown phospholipids (PL1, PL2) as the polar lipids. The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone-7. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that strain EMB111T formed a phyletic cluster with members of the genus Runella within the family Flexibacteraceae and was most closely related to Runella slithyformis ATCC 29530T with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 94.8 %. On the basis of chemotaxonomic data and molecular properties, strain EMB111T represents a novel species within the genus Runella, for which the name Runella limosa sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EMB111T (=KCTC 12615T=DSM 17973T).

scholarly journals Polyhydroxybutyrate Production from Municipal Wastewater Activated Sludge with Different Carbon Sources

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. ASWR.S27218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiuyan Yuan ◽  
Richard Sparling ◽  
Jan Oleszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Beef Extract ◽  
Dry Cell Weight ◽  
Phb Production ◽  
Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

In this study, a sequencing batch reactor was set up and operated for over three months to cultivate polyphosphate-accumulating organisms polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) in the enriched activated sludge. Batch studies were then carried out to study the effect of different carbon sources on phosphorus removal as well as polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production. The carbon sources investigated were acetate, glucose, wastewater, and beef extract. It was found that enhanced biological phosphorus removal could not be achieved using glucose as substrate. This suggested that glucose was not a good candidate for biological phosphorus removal. In terms of PHB production, using acetate and glucose as substrate resulted in PHB production of 42% and 40%, respectively, of the dry cell weight (DCW). Lower PHB production was obtained from using municipal wastewater and beef extract as a carbon source. This resulted in ∼15% and 13% of DCW. It was concluded that municipal wastewater activated sludge can be an economic alternative for PHB production if municipal wastewater is mixed with certain kinds of carbon-enriched industrial wastewater.

Evaluation of the Feasibility of Implementing Biological Phosphorus Removal in Wastewater Treatment Plants

1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-494
Author(s):  
Lise Raymond ◽  
Yves Comeau ◽  
Jean F. Riel ◽  
François G. Brière
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Rating System ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

Abstract A weighted rating system to evaluate the feasibility of implementing biological phosphorus removal to wastewater treatment plants was developed and applied to identify the most promising existing Quebec plants using activated sludge that may benefit from this advanced technology. Three main categories of criteria were considered, (A) phosphorus discharge standards, (B) influent and effluent characteristics and (C) process characteristics. The percentage of the total weight attributed to each category was 12%, 29% and 59%, respectively. The most important factors were proposed to be the plant flexibility and configuration, the influent BOD5/TP and TKN/COD ratios, the existence of a primary clarifier, the requirements to comply with phosphorus standards, the presence of a sand filter and the possibility of mixing without air entrainment the zones of the process that should not be aerated. Among the 16 activated sludge plants for which operating data was available for 1989, 9 showed an interesting potential for conversion to biological phosphorus removal (6 with aeration tanks, 1 with oxidation ditches and 2 with sequencing batch reactors). Operation and construction modifications were proposed to convert these 9 plants to biological phosphorus removal and the rating system was used to assess the beneficial effect of the proposed modifications. A preliminary cost estimate performed on 7 of these plants indicated that conversion costs to biological phosphorus removal were either negligible (4 or 5 plants) or comparable to the present value of the cost of chemicals over a 20-year period (2 plants). With these conversions, biological phosphorus removal could replace partially or completely chemical phosphorus precipitation, depending on the phosphorus standards, wastewater and plant characteristics.

Efficiency of the Activated Sludge Model no. 3 for German wastewater on six different WWTPs

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 211-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wichern ◽  
M. Lübken ◽  
R. Blömer ◽  
K.-H. Rosenwinkel
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Activated Sludge Model ◽  
Biological Phosphorus ◽  
Activated Sludge Systems

In 1999, the Activated Sludge Model No. 3 by the IWA Task Group on Mathematical Modelling for the Design and Operation of Biological Wastewater Treatment was presented. The model is used for the simulation of nitrogen removal. The simulations in this paper were done on the basis of a new calibration of the ASM 3 by Koch et al., with the easily degradable COD measured by respiration. For modelling of EBPR the BioP-Module of Rieger et al., was used. Six German wastewater treatment plants were simulated during this research to test the existing set of parameters of the models on various large scale plants. It was shown that changes for nitrification and enhanced biological phosphorus removal in the set of biological parameters were necessary. Sensible parameters and recommended values are presented in this article. Apart from the values of the changed biological parameters, we will in our examination discuss the modelling of the different activated sludge systems and the influent fractioning of the COD. Two plants with simultaneous denitrification in the recirculation ditch (EBPR) are simulated, one with preliminary dentrification, one with intermittent denitrification (EBPR), one with cascade denitrification (EBPR), and one pilot plant according to the Johannesburg-process (EBPR) which was simulated over a period of three months.

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