scholarly journals The Xenorhabdus nematophila nilABC Genes Confer the Ability of Xenorhabdus spp. To Colonize Steinernema carpocapsae Nematodes

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (12) ◽  
pp. 4121-4128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Cowles ◽  
Heidi Goodrich-Blair
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Genetic Element ◽  
Xenorhabdus Nematophila ◽  
Host Range Expansion ◽  
Species Specific

ABSTRACT Members of the Steinernema genus of nematodes are colonized mutualistically by members of the Xenorhabdus genus of bacteria. In nature, Steinernema carpocapsae nematodes are always found in association with Xenorhabdus nematophila bacteria. Thus, this interaction, like many microbe-host associations, appears to be species specific. X. nematophila requires the nilA, nilB, and nilC genes to colonize S. carpocapsae. In this work, we showed that of all the Xenorhabdus species examined, only X. nematophila has the nilA, nilB, and nilC genes. By exposing S. carpocapsae to other Xenorhabdus spp., we established that only X. nematophila is able to colonize S. carpocapsae; therefore, the S. carpocapsae-X. nematophila interaction is species specific. Further, we showed that introduction of the nilA, nilB, and nilC genes into other Xenorhabdus species enables them to colonize the same S. carpocapsae host tissue that is normally colonized by X. nematophila. Finally, sequence analysis supported the idea that the nil genes were horizontally acquired. Our findings indicate that a single genetic locus determines host specificity in this bacteria-animal mutualism and that host range expansion can occur through the acquisition of a small genetic element.

scholarly journals Golovinomyces longipes (Noordel. & Loer.) L. Kiss on Matricaria chamomilla L.: another host range expansion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Götz ◽  
U. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Matricaria Chamomilla ◽  
Important Family ◽  
The Past ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Host Range Expansion

AbstractGolovinomyces longipes is a widespread powdery mildew on Solanaceae (Nicotiana, Petunia and Solanum spp.). In the past, it has been reported only once on Verbena (Verbenaceae), a non-solanaceaous host. Recently, this powdery mildew has been found on the composite Matricaria chamomilla. The identification of the powdery mildew species on this unusual host has been proved by morphological studies and DNA sequence analysis. Both datasets coincide with the characteristic data for G. longipes on Solanaceae. First inoculation experiments with further composites resulted in an infection of Brachyscome hybrid ‘Surdaisy’. To our knowledge, this is the first report of G. lonigpes on hosts belonging to the important family of Asteraceae and an additional proof of the broader host range of G. longipes beyond the Solanaceae.

Genomic evidence that resource-based trade-offs limit host-range expansion in a seed beetle

Evolution ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachariah Gompert ◽  
Frank J. Messina
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Seed Beetle ◽  
Host Range Expansion ◽  
Trade Offs

scholarly journals Host range expansion of honey bee Black Queen Cell Virus in the bumble bee, Bombus huntii

Apidologie ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 650-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Peng ◽  
Jilian Li ◽  
Humberto Boncristiani ◽  
James P. Strange ◽  
Michele Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Range ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Black Queen Cell Virus ◽  
Host Range Expansion ◽  
Queen Cell

scholarly journals Mountain pine beetle host-range expansion threatens the boreal forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2157-2171 ◽  
Author(s):  
CATHERINE I. CULLINGHAM ◽  
JANICE E. K. COOKE ◽  
SOPHIE DANG ◽  
COREY S. DAVIS ◽  
BARRY J. COOKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Host Range Expansion ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle

scholarly journals Tracing the Origin and Evolutionary History of Pyricularia oryzae Infecting Maize and Barnyard Grass

2020 ◽  
pp. PHYTO-09-20-042
Author(s):  
Adel Pordel ◽  
Sebastien Ravel ◽  
Florian Charriat ◽  
Pierre Gladieux ◽  
Sandrine Cros-Arteil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Genomics ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Barnyard Grass ◽  
Host Range Expansion ◽  
Recent Emergence

Blast disease is a notorious fungal disease leading to dramatic yield losses on major food crops such as rice and wheat. The causal agent, Pyricularia oryzae, encompasses different lineages, each having a different host range. Host shifts are suspected to have occurred in this species from Setaria spp. to rice and from Lolium spp. to wheat. The emergence of blast disease on maize in Iran was observed for the first time in the north of the country in 2012. We later identified blast disease in two additional regions of Iran: Gilan in 2013 and Golestan in 2016. Epidemics on the weed barnyard grass (Echinochloa spp.) were also observed in the same maize fields. Here, we showed that P. oryzae is the causal agent of this disease on both hosts. Pathogenicity assays in the greenhouse revealed that strains from maize can infect barnyard grass and conversely. However, genotyping with simple sequence repeat markers and comparative genomics showed that strains causing field epidemics on maize and on barnyard grass are different, although they belong to the same previously undescribed clade of P. oryzae. Phylogenetic analyses including these strains and a maize strain collected in Gabon in 1985 revealed two independent host-range expansion events from barnyard grass to maize. Comparative genomics between maize and barnyard grass strains revealed the presence or absence of five candidate genes associated with host specificity on maize, with the deletion of a small genomic region possibly responsible for adaptation to maize. This recent emergence of P. oryzae on maize provides a case study to understand host range expansion. Epidemics on maize raise concerns about potential yield losses on this crop in Iran and potential geographic expansion of the disease.

Comparative sequence analysis of morbillivirus receptors and its implication in host range expansion

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 783-794
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Yadav ◽  
Kaushal Kishor Rajak ◽  
Mukesh Bhatt ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Soumendu Chakravarti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Amino Acid Identity ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Binding Region ◽  
Acid Identity ◽  
Host Range Expansion ◽  
High Amino Acid

SLAM (CD150) and nectin-4 are the major morbillivirus receptors responsible for virus pathogenesis and host range expansion. Recently, morbillivirus infections have been reported in unnatural hosts, including endangered species, posing a threat to their conservation. To understand the host range expansion of morbilliviruses, we generated the full-length sequences of morbillivirus receptors (goat, sheep, and dog SLAM, and goat nectin-4) and tried to correlate their role in determining host tropism. A high level of amino acid identity was observed between the sequences of related species, and phylogenetic reconstruction showed that the receptor sequences of carnivores, marine mammals, and small ruminants grouped separately. Analysis of the ligand binding region (V region; amino acid residues 52–136) of SLAM revealed high amino acid identity between small ruminants and bovine SLAMs. Comparison of canine SLAM with ruminants and non-canids SLAM revealed appreciable changes, including charge alterations. Significant differences between feline SLAM and canine SLAM have been reported. The binding motifs of nectin-4 genes (FPAG motif and amino acid residues 60, 62, and 63) were found to be conserved in sheep, goat, and dog. The differences reported in the binding region may be responsible for the level of susceptibility or resistance of a species to a particular morbillivirus.

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