Multilocus Sequence Typing of Bartonella henselae in the United Kingdom Indicates that Only a Few, Uncommon Sequence Types Are Associated with Zoonotic Disease

ABSTRACT We recently developed a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme to differentiate S. uberis isolates and facilitate an understanding of the population biology of this pathogen. The scheme was initially used to study a collection of 160 bovine milk isolates from the United Kingdom and showed that the majority of isolates were from one clonal complex (designated the ST-5 complex). Here we describe the MLST analysis of a collection of New Zealand isolates. These were obtained from diverse sources, including bovine milk, other bovine anatomical sites, and environmental sources. The complete allelic profiles of 253 isolates were determined. The collection was highly diverse and included 131 different sequence types (STs). The New Zealand and United Kingdom populations were distinct, since none of the 131 STs were represented within the previously studied collection of 160 United Kingdom S. uberis isolates. However, seven of the STs were members of the ST-5 clonal complex, the major complex within the United Kingdom collection. Two new clonal complexes were identified: ST-143 and ST-86. All three major complexes were isolated from milk, other bovine sites, and the environment. Carriage of the hasA gene, which is necessary for capsule formation, correlated with clonal complex and isolation from clinical cases of mastitis.

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Canine leishmaniosis in the United Kingdom: A zoonotic disease waiting for a vector?

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.03.025 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 163 (4) ◽

pp. 281-285 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

Susan E. Shaw ◽

Debra A. Langton ◽

Timothy J. Hillman

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Zoonotic Disease ◽

Canine Leishmaniosis ◽

The United Kingdom

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Complete Sequence of pSAM7, an IncX4 Plasmid Carrying a NovelblaCTX-M-14bTransposition Unit Isolated from Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae from Cattle

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.01157-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 57 (9) ◽

pp. 4590-4594 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

M. O. Stokes ◽

M. AbuOun ◽

S. Umur ◽

G. Wu ◽

S. R. Partridge ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Enterobacter Cloacae ◽

Complete Sequence ◽

Human Isolate ◽

Content Type ◽

Pcr Screening ◽

E Coli ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Sequence Types

ABSTRACTThe same plasmid carryingblaCTX-M-14bwas identified from anEscherichia coliisolate and anEnterobacter cloacaeisolate collected from cattle in the United Kingdom by complete plasmid sequencing. This 35,341-bp plasmid, pSAM7, had an IncX4 backbone that is 99% identical to that of pJIE143 from a human isolate in Australia. PCR screening identified pSAM7-like plasmids in three otherE. coliisolates of different multilocus sequence types isolated from cattle on different farms in the United Kingdom.

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Multilocus Sequence Typing of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from High-Somatic-Cell-Count Cows and the Environment of an Organic Dairy Farm in the United Kingdom

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.43.9.4731-4736.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 43 (9) ◽

pp. 4731-4736 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

E. M. Smith ◽

L. E. Green ◽

G. F. Medley ◽

H. E. Bird ◽

C. G. Dowson

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Somatic Cell ◽

Cell Count ◽

Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Dairy Farm ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Organic Dairy

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Diverse Sequence Types of Klebsiella pneumoniae Contribute to the Dissemination ofblaNDM-1in India, Sweden, and the United Kingdom

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.06142-11 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 2735-2738 ◽

Cited By ~ 121

Author(s):

Christian G. Giske ◽

Inga Fröding ◽

Chowdhury Mehedi Hasan ◽

Agata Turlej-Rogacka ◽

Mark Toleman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽

Repetitive Sequence ◽

Virulence Gene ◽

Content Type ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Plasmid Replicon ◽

Serotype K2 ◽

Sequence Types ◽

Replicon Type

ABSTRACTClinical isolates ofKlebsiella pneumoniaeproducing NDM-1 carbapenemase from India (n= 22), the United Kingdom (n= 13), and Sweden (n= 4) were subjected to multilocus sequence typing (MLST), automated repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR), serotyping, virulence gene screening, and plasmid replicon typing. The most frequently detected MLST sequence types (STs) were ST14 (n= 13; all serotype K2), ST11, ST149, ST231, and ST147. The correlation between MLST and automated rep-PCR was excellent. IncA/C was the most frequently detected plasmid replicon type (n= 14). ST14, ST11, and other successful clones may be important for the dissemination ofblaNDM-1.

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Comparison ofArcobacterIsolation Methods, and Diversity ofArcobacterspp. in Cheshire, United Kingdom

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01964-10 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 77 (5) ◽

pp. 1646-1650 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

J. Y. Merga ◽

A. J. H. Leatherbarrow ◽

C. Winstanley ◽

M. Bennett ◽

C. A. Hart ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽

Specific Method ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

Mlst Analysis ◽

Isolation Methods ◽

Arcobacter Butzleri ◽

High Level ◽

Sequence Types ◽

Animal Feces

ABSTRACTThe aims of this study were, firstly, to compare five published methods for the isolation ofArcobacterspp. from animal feces in order to determine the most sensitive and specific method. Second, we analyzed the resulting isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) in order to investigate the diversity of the isolates recovered. Third, we investigated the ability to recoverArcobacterspp. from frozen fecal samples. Seventy-seven fecal samples from cattle, sheep, and badgers were subjected to five isolation methods, based on published methods for the isolation ofArcobacterandCampylobacterspp. Thirty-nineArcobacter butzleriisolates were analyzed using a multilocus sequence typing scheme. The survival ofArcobacterspp. in frozen samples was investigated by freezing the fecal samples at −80°C for 7 days and then applying the same five isolation methods. The most sensitive and specific method used anArcobacter-specific broth in conjunction with modified charcoal cefoperazone deoxycholate agar (mCCDA) with added antibiotics. Freezing of fecal samples led to a reduction in the recovery ofArcobacterspp. by approximately 50%. The 39 allelic profiles obtained by MLST could be divided into 11 sequence types (STs). We have identified the most sensitive and specific method for the isolation ofArcobacterspp. from animal feces and demonstrated that the freezing of fecal samples prior to isolation reduces arcobacter recovery. MLST analysis of the isolates revealed a high level of diversity.

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Molecular Epidemiology of Streptococcus uberis Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Herds: Strain Heterogeneity and Transmission

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.01583-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 68-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

P. L. Davies ◽

J. A. Leigh ◽

A. J. Bradley ◽

S. C. Archer ◽

R. D. Emes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Clonal Complex ◽

Clinical Mastitis ◽

Small Subset ◽

Dairy Herds ◽

Content Type ◽

Persistent Infections ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Streptococcus Uberis ◽

Sequence Types

Multilocus sequence typing was successfully completed on 494 isolates ofStreptococcus uberisfrom clinical mastitis cases in a study of 52 commercial dairy herds over a 12-month period. In total, 195 sequence types (STs) were identified.S. uberismastitis cases that occurred in different cows within the same herd and were attributed to a common ST were classified as potential transmission events (PTEs). Clinical cases attributed to 35 of the 195 STs identified in this study were classified PTE. PTEs were identified in 63% of the herds. PTE-associated cases, which include the first recorded occurrence of that ST in that herd (index case) and all persistent infections with that PTE ST, represented 40% of all the clinical mastitis cases and occurred in 63% of the herds. PTE-associated cases accounted for >50% of allS. uberisclinical mastitis cases in 33% of the herds. Nine STs (ST-5, -6, -20, -22, -24, -35, -233, -361, and -512), eight of which were grouped within a clonal complex (sharing at least four alleles), were statistically overrepresented (OVR STs). The findings indicate that 38% of all clinical mastitis cases and 63% of the PTEs attributed toS. uberisin dairy herds may be caused by the nine most prevalent strains. The findings suggest that a small subset of STs is disproportionally important in the epidemiology ofS. uberismastitis in the United Kingdom, with cow-to-cow transmission ofS. uberispotentially occurring in the majority of herds in the United Kingdom, and may be the most important route of infection in many herds.

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The Health Burden of Orphan Zoonotic Disease in the United Kingdom, 2005-2009

Zoonoses and Public Health ◽

10.1111/zph.12040 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 39-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

K. D. Halsby ◽

A. L. Walsh ◽

R. Smith ◽

B. Said ◽

H. Kirkbride ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

Zoonotic Disease ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Health Burden

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The Three Major Spanish Clones of Penicillin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Are the Most Common Clones Recovered in Recent Cases of Meningitis in Spain

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.37.10.3210-3216.1999 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 37 (10) ◽

pp. 3210-3216 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Mark C. Enright ◽

Asunción Fenoll ◽

David Griffiths ◽

Brian G. Spratt

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽

Pneumococcal Meningitis ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

The Other ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Globally Distributed ◽

Sequence Types

One hundred six isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniaerecovered in Spain from patients with meningitis in 1997 and 1998 were characterized by multilocus sequence typing. A heterogeneous collection of genotypes was associated with meningitis in Spain: 65 different sequence types were resolved and, even at a genetic distance of 0.43, there were 37 distinct lineages. Thirty-eight percent of the isolates, including all isolates of serotypes 6B, 9V, 14, and 23F, were resistant to penicillin, and 24% of the isolates were members of the three major Spanish penicillin-resistant or multidrug-resistant clones of serotypes 6B, 9V, and 23F or serotype variants of these clones. These three clones (MICs, 1 to 2 μg of penicillin/ml) were the most common clones associated with pneumococcal meningitis in Spain during 1997 and 1998. Only two of the other clones associated with meningitis were penicillin resistant (MICs, 0.12 to 0.5 μg/ml). One of the two most prevalent penicillin-susceptible clones causing meningitis (serotype 3) has not been detected outside of Spain, whereas the other (serotype 18C) has been recovered from patients with meningitis in the United Kingdom, The Netherlands, and Denmark. The prevalence of meningitis caused by isolates of the three major Spanish penicillin-resistant or multiply antibiotic-resistant clones, which are now globally distributed, is disturbing and clearly establishes their ability to cause life-threatening disease.

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