Urinary Tract Infections Associated with Nontyphoidal Salmonella Serogroups

In an analysis of over 23,000 nontyphoidal strains ofSalmonella submitted to the Microbial Diseases Laboratory between 1992 and 1996, two groups (C1 and E) were significantly recovered more often from the urinary tract than stool compared to more common groups such as B and D. An analysis of >60 urine isolates from 1996 suggests that most of these represent true urinary tract infections, as opposed to colonization or fecal contamination, by virtue of being isolated in pure culture and in high concentrations (>100,000 CFU/ml).

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Urinary Tract Infections: Need for Pure Culture Technology in Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis

The Journal of Urology ◽

10.1016/s0022-5347(17)38119-3 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 146 (5) ◽

pp. 1381-1382 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paul Fugazzotto

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Pure Culture ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Culture Technology

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Urinary Tract Infections: Need for Pure Culture Technology in Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis

Southern Medical Journal ◽

10.1097/00007611-199104000-00041 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 84 (4) ◽

pp. 539-540

Author(s):

Paul Fugazzotto

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Pure Culture ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Culture Technology

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Susceptibility of Nosocomial Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Multiply Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Potential Use of Antimicrobials “Resistant” by Disc-Diffusion Testing for Controlling Epidemics

Infection Control ◽

10.1017/s0195941700052887 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 157-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Walter E. Stamm ◽

Joseph Arbaczawski ◽

Donald C. Mackel ◽

Roger L. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Sensitivity Testing ◽

Simultaneous Treatment ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽

Drug Concentrations ◽

Mueller Hinton ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Tract Infections

AbstractProtracted hospital-based epidemics of urinary tract infection and bacteremia due to multiply resistant gram-negative bacilli have become an increasingly common and serious problem. Failure to control such outbreaks stems partly from inability to eradicate a key reservoir, the catheterized bladder. Since eradication of bacteriuria in noncatheterized patients can be achieved with single doses of antimicrobials and correlates with urinary rather than with serum antibiotic concentrations, drugs to which an organism appears resistant by discdiffusion testing, if excreted in the urine in high concentrations, might also prove useful in eliminating catheter-associated bacteriuria. Alternatively, urinary antiseptics, for which antimicrobial sensitivity testing is not usually done, might be effective. To test this hypothesis we determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 45 multiply resistant Proteus, Serratia, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas strains isolated in 13 recent epidemics of nosocomial urinary tract infections against 10 selected antimicrobials and urinary antiseptics, and compared these MICs with expected urinary concentrations of each drug. For each genus tested, MICs for at least two antimicrobials or urinary antiseptics were well below easily achievable urinary drug concentrations. Zone size criteria often predicted which drugs had MICs below achievable urinary levels. Little difference was found between MICs determined in Mueller-Hinton broth and in urine. During an epidemic, simultaneous treatment of all patients with bacteriuria by administration of a urinary antiseptic or an antibiotic that achieves high concentrations in urine, in conjunction with brief catheter removal, might prove useful in controlling any further infection.

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Socialization of Providencia stuartii enables resistance to environmental insults.

10.1101/2021.12.20.472897 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Julie Lopes ◽

Guillaume TETREAU ◽

Kevin Pounot ◽

Mariam El Khatib ◽

Jacques-Philippe Colletier

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Environmental Cues ◽

Canonical Surface ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Ammonia Bicarbonate ◽

Providencia Stuartii ◽

Tract Infections

Providencia stuartii is a highly-social pathogen responsible for nosocomial chronic urinary tract infections. The bacterium indeed forms floating communities of cells (FCC) besides and prior-to canonical surface-attached biofilms (SAB). Within P. stuartii FCC, cells are riveted one to another owing to by self-interactions between its porins, viz. Omp-Pst1 and Omp-Pst2. In pathophysiological conditions, P. stuartii is principally exposed to high concentrations of urea, ammonia, bicarbonate, creatinine and to large variations of pH, questioning how these environmental cues affect socialization, and whether formation of SAB and FCC protects cells against those. Results from our investigations indicate that FCC and SAB can both form in the urinary tract, endowing cells with increased resistance and fitness. They additionally show that while Omp-Pst1 is the main gateway allowing penetration of urea, bicarbonate and ammonia into the periplasm, expression of Omp-Pst2 enables resistance to them.

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