scholarly journals Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Genes both Induce and Suppress Lymphoproliferative Disease

2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 1034-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera L. Tarakanova ◽  
Friederike Kreisel ◽  
Douglas W. White ◽  
Herbert W. Virgin
Keyword(s):  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disease ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Gammaherpesvirus 68 ◽  
Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Immunocompromised Mice ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68

ABSTRACT Gammaherpesvirus infection is associated with an increased incidence of lymphoproliferative disease in immunocompromised hosts. Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (γHV68) infection of BALB β2-microglobulin-deficient (BALB β2m−/−) mice provides an animal model for analysis of the mechanisms responsible for the induction of a lymphoproliferative disease, atypical lymphoid hyperplasia (ALH), that is pathologically similar to posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection. Here we report that the γHV68 v-cyclin and v-bcl-2 genes are required for the efficient induction of γHV68-associated ALH in BALB β2m−/− mice, while the v-GPCR gene is dispensable for ALH induction. In contrast to these findings, deletion of the viral M1 gene enhanced ALH. Thus, γHV68 genes can either inhibit or enhance the induction of lymphoproliferative disease in immunocompromised mice.

Murine gammaherpesvirus-68 infection of mice: A new model for human cerebral Epstein-Barr virus infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Häusler ◽  
Bernd Sellhaus ◽  
Simone Scheithauer ◽  
Matthias Engler ◽  
Evelyn Alberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
New Model ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Gammaherpesvirus 68 ◽  
Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68

scholarly journals Selective Uptake of Small RNA Molecules in the Virion of Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68

2008 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 2321-2326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna R. Cliffe ◽  
Anthony A. Nash ◽  
Bernadette M. Dutia
Keyword(s):  
Small Rna ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Gammaherpesvirus 68 ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68

ABSTRACT Noncoding RNAs are a feature of many herpesvirus genomes. They include microRNAs, whose function is the subject of intense investigation, in addition to longer RNA molecules such as the Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs and herpesvirus saimiri U RNAs, which have been known for some time but whose function is still not well defined. Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) encodes eight viral tRNA-like molecules (vtRNAs) of unknown function. Investigating the kinetics of expression of the vtRNAs, we observed that they were present directly after infection with the virus. This strongly suggested that vtRNAs were part of the virion structure, which was confirmed by their detection within various purified, RNase-treated preparations. Although both viral and cellular mRNAs were also detected within the MHV-68 virion, the major RNA species present were small RNAs of around 70 nucleotides in length. Interestingly, incorporation of viral mRNA was not related to the relative abundance in infected cells, as M11 mRNA, which is present at low abundance, was found in virions. MHV-76, which lacks the genes encoding the vtRNAs, also incorporated small RNA molecules within the virion, suggesting a requirement for these molecules for virion maturation. In productively infected cells the vtRNAs localized predominantly within the cytoplasm, although they also exhibited a globular pattern of nuclear staining. Their presence in the cytoplasm is consistent with interaction with virion components prior to maturation of virus particles. The significance of these findings for virion architecture and function is discussed.

scholarly journals Identification of Novel Rodent Herpesviruses, Including the First Gammaherpesvirus of Mus musculus

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (15) ◽  
pp. 8091-8100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Ehlers ◽  
Judit Küchler ◽  
Nezlisah Yasmum ◽  
Güzin Dural ◽  
Sebastian Voigt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Murine Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Gammaherpesvirus 68 ◽  
Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 ◽  
Pcr Targeting

ABSTRACT Rodent herpesviruses such as murine cytomegalovirus (host, Mus musculus), rat cytomegalovirus (host, Rattus norvegicus), and murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (hosts, Apodemus species) are important tools for the experimental study of human herpesvirus diseases. However, alphaherpesviruses, roseoloviruses, and lymphocryptoviruses, as well as rhadinoviruses, that naturally infect Mus musculus (house mouse) and other Old World mice are unknown. To identify hitherto-unknown rodent-associated herpesviruses, we captured M. musculus, R. norvegicus, and 14 other rodent species in several locations in Germany, the United Kingdom, and Thailand. Samples of trigeminal ganglia, dorsal root ganglia, brains, spleens, and other organs, as well as blood, were analyzed with a degenerate panherpesvirus PCR targeting the DNA polymerase (DPOL) gene. Herpesvirus-positive samples were subjected to a second degenerate PCR targeting the glycoprotein B (gB) gene. The sequences located between the partial DPOL and gB sequences were amplified by long-distance PCR and sequenced, resulting in a contiguous sequence of approximately 3.5 kbp. By DPOL PCR, we detected 17 novel betaherpesviruses and 21 novel gammaherpesviruses but no alphaherpesvirus. Of these 38 novel herpesviruses, 14 were successfully analyzed by the complete bigenic approach. Most importantly, the first gammaherpesvirus of Mus musculus was discovered (Mus musculus rhadinovirus 1 [MmusRHV1]). This virus is a member of a novel group of rodent gammaherpesviruses, which is clearly distinct from murine herpesvirus 68-like rodent gammaherpesviruses. Multigenic phylogenetic analysis, using an 8-kbp locus, revealed that MmusRHV1 diverged from the other gammaherpesviruses soon after the evolutionary separation of Epstein-Barr virus-like lymphocryptoviruses from human herpesvirus 8-like rhadinoviruses and alcelaphine herpesvirus 1-like macaviruses.

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