scholarly journals A Pilot Study of Microbial Succession in Human Rib Skeletal Remains during Terrestrial Decomposition

mSphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Deel ◽  
Alexandra L. Emmons ◽  
Jennifer Kiely ◽  
Franklin E. Damann ◽  
David O. Carter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Time Since Death ◽  
Microbial Succession ◽  
Do So

Microbes are known to facilitate vertebrate decomposition, and they can do so in a repeatable, predictable manner. The succession of microbes in the skin and associated soil can be used to predict time since death during the first few weeks of decomposition.

Gender Stereotypes and Gender Preferences in American Politics

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kira Sanbonmatsu ◽  
Kathleen Dolan
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Gender Attitudes ◽  
Political Involvement ◽  
Gender Preferences ◽  
Women Candidates ◽  
The Public ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Do So

This chapter analyzes a series of questions related to citizen's attitudes about gender issues. These items are included in the 2006 Pilot Study. The examination of gender stereotypes suggests that many people see few differences in the traits and abilities of women and men, but that those who do perceive differences tend to do so in predictable ways. These new items also demonstrate that gender stereotypes transcend party, although gender and party interact in meaningful ways in some circumstances. The examination of voters' gender preferences for elected officials reveal the importance (or lack thereof) of descriptive representation to voters and the potential for women candidates to mobilize women in the public to greater political involvement. Finally, the analysis of these new items clearly indicates that while they are related to other gender attitudes, gender stereotypes and gender preferences are distinct attitudes held by voters.

Differential Effects of Worry and Imagery After Exposure to a Stressful Stimulus: A Pilot Study

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Butler ◽  
Adrian Wells ◽  
Hilary Dewick
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Intrusive Cognitions ◽  
Stressful Stimulus ◽  
Do So

Imagery appears to be associated with higher levels of anxiety than does worry. Borkovec has argued that worry could be a way of avoiding distressing imagery and the associated affect. Thus worry could suppress emotional activation, interfere with emotional processing, and contribute to the maintenance of anxiety. This hypothesis suggests that short and long-term effects of worrying after experiencing a distressing stimulus should differ from the effects of engaging in imagery. In the short term, imagery should maintain anxiety while worry should not do so, or should do so less. In the longer term, worry should be a less successful way of reducing anxiety associated with the stimulus than imagery, and should be followed by a greater number of intrusive cognitions (indicating the relative failure of emotional processing). These predictions were tested by asking subjects to worry, engage in imagery or “settle down” after watching a distressing video. The results were broadly consistent with the hypothesis. Other interpretations are also considered.

scholarly journals Microbial additives in the composting process

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noelly de Queiroz Ribeiro ◽  
Thiago Pereira Souza ◽  
Lívia Martinez Abreu Soares Costa ◽  
Cibelli Paula de Castro ◽  
Eustáquio Souza Dias
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Microbial Inoculants ◽  
Microbial Succession ◽  
High Resolution Melt ◽  
Universal Primer ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Metabolic Activities ◽  
Do So

ABSTRACT Composting is the process of natural degradation of organic matter carried out by environmental microorganisms whose metabolic activities cause the mineralization and partial humification of substances in the pile. This compost can be beneficially applied to the soil as organic fertilizer in horticulture and agriculture. The number of studies involving microbial inoculants has been growing, and they aim to improve processes such as composting. However, the behavior of these inoculants and other microorganisms during the composting process have not yet been described. In this context, this work aimed to investigate the effects of using a microbial inoculum that can improve the composting process and to follow the bacterial population dynamics throughout the process using the high-resolution melt (HRM) technique. To do so, we analysed four compost piles inoculated with Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, B. cereus + B. megaterium and a control with no inoculum. The analyses were carried out using samples collected at different stages of the process (5th to 110th days). The results showed that the bacterial inocula influenced the process of composting, altering the breakdown of cellulose and hemicelluloses and causing alterations to the temperature and nitrogen levels throughout the composting process. The use of a universal primer (rDNA 16S) allowed to follow the microbial succession during the process. However, the design of a specific primer is necessary to follow the inoculum throughout the composting process with more accuracy.

scholarly journals Forensic Anthropology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purva Wagisha Upadhyay ◽  
Amarnath Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Forensic Anthropology ◽  
Crime Scene ◽  
Physical Anthropology ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
The Body ◽  
Time Since Death ◽  
Characteristic Features

Physical anthropology has been making progress in the field of forensic science. Forensic anthropology is the study of identifying and establishing identity of the skeletal remains present at the crime scene. The purpose of the chapter is to throw a light on the field of forensic anthropology as it seeks data like age, sex, ethnic groups, and other characteristic features after the examination of the skeletal remains. Forensic anthropology helps in determining the manner and cause of death, and if the body is still in the decompositions stage, time since death can also be estimated. Advancement in forensic anthropology will not only help to solve the case but it will also increase the opportunity to work in this area. In this chapter, there is an explanation of some of the methods used in forensic anthropology for the analysis of identification and other purposes.

Engaging in Virtual Collaborative Writing

2010 ◽  
pp. 65-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patti G. Wojahn ◽  
Kristin A. Blicharz ◽  
Stephanie K. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Collaborative Writing ◽  
Small Pilot Study ◽  
Writing Project ◽  
Collaborative Processes ◽  
Group Satisfaction ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
Virtual Project ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
Do So

In this chapter, the authors discuss factors useful for virtual collaborators to consider when initiating a new writing project. They identify the importance of and challenges common to getting to know others through virtual means. They then address issues associated with establishing expectations and protocols for the collaborative processes to be used for a given project. They do so by drawing from the literature on and their own experiences with virtual collaborative writing, as well as from communication logs and survey responses gathered from a small pilot study conducted in 2007. This pilot study focused on behavior and perceptions related to multiple types of communicative tools for interacting in daily workplace practice. They argue that behaviors, perceptions, expectations, and previous practice can all inform rules of engagement that can benefit teams working in virtual contexts. Time spent planning for the collaboration by defining common goals, rules, and guidelines in early stages of a virtual project can improve the collaborative experience: subsequent efficiency; role, task, and deadline delineations; and group satisfaction.

scholarly journals Alu SINE analyses of 3,000-year-old human skeletal remains: a pilot study

Mobile DNA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Kothe ◽  
Verena Seidenberg ◽  
Susanne Hummel ◽  
Oliver Piskurek
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Human Skeletal Remains

scholarly journals Concussion return-to-play behaviour of South African Rugby Union (SA Rugby) Youth Week players: a pilot study

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Brown
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
South African ◽  
Rugby Union ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Medical Doctors ◽  
Doctor Who ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Medical Clearance ◽  
Do So

Introduction: BokSmart has disseminated Graduated Return-to-Play (GRTP) guidelines for concussions management to all, but specifically coaches, in South Africa. Medical clearance before returning to play (RTP) is poorly adhered to in the GRTP steps. This study explored barriers to compliance with medical clearance prior to RTP.Methods: Players who suffered a concussion during the 2014/2015 South African Rugby Youth Week Tournaments were followed-up telephonically until RTP. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore enablers/barriers to seeking/not seeking medical clearance before RTP.Results: Of those who did not seek medical clearance (47%), 80% indicated that the player/parent or coach felt this was unnecessary. Of those who did seek medical clearance, 65% reported they were instructed to do so either by the tournament doctor who diagnosed the injury or by the school coach.Conclusion: Besides coaches, parents and medical doctors have an important influence on players’ RTP behaviour. The findings of this pilot study need to be repeated in a larger cohort.

Not Just An Average Unit

1990 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Sandra Paull
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Education ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Statistics Education ◽  
Fifth Graders ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Northwestern University ◽  
Average Unit ◽  
Funded Project ◽  
Education Courses ◽  
Do So

In the fall of 1986 a colleague who teaches adult mathematics education courses presented me with a challenge. She asked me if I would like to collaborate in developing and teaching an interdisciplinary statistics unit to my class of fourth and fifth graders. The interest was prompted by her involvement in the project A Pilot Study on Cross-Discipline Statistics Education, an NSF-funded project under the direction of Robert F. Boruch of Northwestern University. Because my class was self-contained, the prospect of making the unit interdisciplinary was exciting. However, the thought of teaching stati tics was somewhat intimidating. In previous years I had taught some lessons on data gathering, graphing, and finding averages but had never combined these skills in a meaningful way. Thi collaboration cemed a wonderful opportunity to do so, and I accepted the cha llenge.

The Need to Explain

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 2276-2288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeet S. Khemlani ◽  
Philip N. Johnson-Laird
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Rational Solution ◽  
Secondary Importance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Belief Changes ◽  
Do So

How do reasoners deal with inconsistencies? James (1907) believed that the rational solution is to revise your beliefs and to do so in a minimal way. We propose an alternative: You explain the origins of an inconsistency, which has the side effect of a revision to your beliefs. This hypothesis predicts that individuals should spontaneously create explanations of inconsistencies rather than refute one of the assertions and that they should rate explanations as more probable than refutations. A pilot study showed that participants spontaneously explain inconsistencies when they are asked what follows from inconsistent premises. In three subsequent experiments, participants were asked to compare explanations of inconsistencies against minimal refutations of the inconsistent premises. In Experiment 1, participants chose which conclusion was most probable; in Experiment 2 they rank ordered the conclusions based on their probability; and in Experiment 3 they estimated the mean probability of the conclusions' occurrence. In all three studies, participants rated explanations as more probable than refutations. The results imply that individuals create explanations to resolve an inconsistency and that these explanations lead to changes in belief. Changes in belief are therefore of secondary importance to the primary goal of explanation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document