RADIOCARBON DATING POLLEN GRAINS SORTED BY FLOW CYTOMETRY FROM LAKE SEDIMENTS OF MONO LAKE (CALIFORNIA)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Tunno ◽  
◽  
Susan H. Zimmerman ◽  
Tom Brown ◽  
Christiane A. Hassel
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Mono Lake

Refining chronologies by dating pollen concentrates – new approach of separating pollen using flow cytometry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Steinhoff ◽  
Nadine Pickarski ◽  
Thomas Litt
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Large Lakes ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Short Period

<p>Radiocarbon dating of terrestrial plant-remains is a traditional method for precise age estimations of lake sediments. The absence of sufficient large plant macrofossils required for AMS dating in continental records, especially large lakes, demands for a satisfactory alternative, such as carbon-containing microfossils. Due to their ubiquitous presence in sedimentary archives pollen grains may be considered for dating. Nevertheless, the isolation and enrichment of pollen without a significant carbon contamination is still challenging. Even though commonly applied separation techniques can be used to remove the predominant portions of foreign particles, the undesirable transfer of these particles into the pollen concentrate cannot be excluded, yet. However, flow cytometry, as a highly promising alternative, offers the possibility to sort huge quantities of particles in a short period of time and to generate pure pollen concentrates from heterogeneous samples suitable for AMS radiocarbon dating.</p><p>In this study we present the approach to sort limnic sediment samples using flow cytometry. We are able to unequivocally identify pollen populations in the heterogeneous composition of the sediments and isolate them. The sediments analyzed were taken from the continental record of Lake Van (Eastern Anatolia). Annually laminated layers from the Holocene section of the sediment cores allow a precise temporal classification and validation of generated radiocarbon ages derived from fossil pollen. Although it is now possible to produce pollen concentrates without the contamination of foreign particles, the isolation of a sufficient quantity of pollen grains to generate reliable radiocarbon ages is still difficult. An increase pollen yield is required. Due to the limitation of the initial material, it is therefore especially necessary to improve the efficiency during the cytometric analysis.</p><p>Our results show the importance to steadily optimize the processing steps during chemical pretreatment, cytometric analysis as well as the radiocarbon dating itself. This facilitates the handling of the ultra-small samples and ensures precise age estimations of the pollen concentrates. Furthermore improving the laboratory routine for the enrichment of pollen will allow the analysis of vast amounts of samples in a short period of time. In consequence, dating pollen concentrates generated by flow cytometry can be used as a robust contribution and independent time control for existing chronologies in continental climate records.</p>

RECONCILING EVIDENCE FROM OUTCROPS AND DEEP-LAKE SEDIMENTS: THE CONUNDRUM OF OXYGEN ISOTOPES IN GLACIAL-ERA MONO LAKE, CALIFORNIA

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Herrgesell Zimmerman ◽  
◽  
Guleed A.H. Ali ◽  
Sidney R. Hemming
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Oxygen Isotopes ◽  
Mono Lake ◽  
Deep Lake

SOURCES OF CARBONATE PRECIPITATION IN MONO LAKE SEDIMENTS: δ18O AND CARBONATE CLUMPED ISOTOPES AS LAKE LEVEL PROXIES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miquela Ingalls ◽  
◽  
Sophie Westacott ◽  
Makayla Betts ◽  
Jana Meixnerova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Lake Level ◽  
Mono Lake ◽  
Carbonate Precipitation ◽  
Clumped Isotopes

scholarly journals Separation and 14C Dating of Pure Pollen from Lake Sediments: Nanofossil AMS Dating

Radiocarbon ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Long ◽  
Owen K. Davis ◽  
Jeanne de Lanois
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Mono Lake ◽  
Bulk Sediment ◽  
Clean Room ◽  
14C Dating ◽  
Ams Dating

We have developed and tested a practical device for manually separating pollen from pollen concentrates in sufficient quantity for AMS 14C dating. It is a combination of standard, commercially available equipment handled in a clean room by an individual trained to recognize pollen. A typical example requires about 15–20 h of hand-picking under the microscope. We show the usefulness of this procedure with results on a mid-Holocene segment from a core from Mono Lake. Sediments from this hardwater lake contain pollen and finely disseminated organic matter, but no macrofossils. The pollen dated ca. 1000 yr younger than the bulk sediment. The sediment “date” is most likely affected by incorporation of limestone-derived carbon, and is erroneously old.

scholarly journals A Simple Method to Separate Pollen for AMS Radiocarbon Dating and its Application to Lacustrine and Marine Sediments

Radiocarbon ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A Mensing ◽  
John R Southon
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Minimal Cost ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Ams Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Sediment Reworking ◽  
Scientific Equipment ◽  
Ams Dating

We present a simple method for manually separating pollen concentrates for radiocarbon accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating using a mouth pipetting system. The required equipment is readily available from scientific equipment supply houses at minimal cost. Pollen samples from lake sediments required about 4 h of hand picking, whereas samples from marine sediments required about 8 h labor. Pollen dates from marine sediments were much older than expected. We are attempting to resolve whether this is due to contamination of the pollen or the presence of significant quantities of old reworked pollen. Pollen dates from lake sediments associated with Mazama Ash were consistent with other published ages; however, replicate dates on pollen samples from above the ash were consistently older than the surrounding sediment. Our results suggest that caution must be used when interpreting pollen dates if the potential for sediment reworking is present.

Interstadial Conifer Wood from Northern Maine

1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
R. Scott Anderson ◽  
Ronald B. Davis ◽  
Robert Stuckenrath ◽  
Harold W. Borns
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
New England ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Lake Sediment ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Late Glacial ◽  
Local Source ◽  
Northern New England ◽  
Upper South ◽  
Conifer Wood

Conifer wood, probably spruce (Picea sp.), of middle Wisconsinan age (29,200 ± 500 yr B.P.) was recovered from late-glacial lake sediments from Upper South Branch Pond, Maine. If the wood was derived from a local source, deglaciation of part of northern New England is suggested for this time. The occurrence also has implications for understanding the problem associated with radiocarbon dating of bulk lake sediment containing small amounts of organic matter.

scholarly journals Effects of sample mass and macrofossil type on radiocarbon dating of arctic and boreal lake sediments

The Holocene ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 758-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Wyatt Oswald ◽  
Patricia M. Anderson ◽  
Thomas A. Brown ◽  
Linda B. Brubaker ◽  
Feng Sheng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Sample Mass ◽  
Boreal Lake

scholarly journals Stable isotope studies on Mono Lake (California). 1. d18 in lake sediments as proxy for climatic change during the last 150 years

1997 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Chun Li ◽  
Teh-Lung Ku ◽  
Lowell D. Stott ◽  
Robert F. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Climatic Change ◽  
Mono Lake ◽  
Isotope Studies

scholarly journals Revised chronology for late Pleistocene Mono Lake sediments based on paleointensity correlation to the global reference curve

2006 ◽  
Vol 252 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 94-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan H. Zimmerman ◽  
Sidney R. Hemming ◽  
Dennis V. Kent ◽  
Stephanie Y. Searle
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Mono Lake ◽  
Reference Curve

scholarly journals Disturbances in the primary stratigraphy of lake sediments on the Murmansk coast (Russia): their identification and relationship with catastrophic events

Baltica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-169
Author(s):  
Svetlana Nikolaeva ◽  
Dmitriy Tolstobrov ◽  
Alena Tolstobrova
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Plant Macrofossils ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Diatom Analysis ◽  
Catastrophic Events ◽  
Coastal Lake ◽  
Diatom Flora ◽  
The Barents Sea

The results of lithological, diatom analysis and radiocarbon dating of bottom sediments of small coastal lake basins along the Murmansk coast of the Barents Sea (the Kola Region, Russia) are presented. Sedimentary successions of two lakes reveal the presence of distinctive deposits, very different from the sediment above and below. These deposits are represented by erosional unconformity beds, gyttja and sand mixed with plant macrofossils, and characterized by changes in diatom flora and sand in a matrix of organic material. The sediments were deposited due to different catastrophic events: paleo-tsunami and paleo-earthquakes. According to radiocarbon analysis data, a tsunami occurred between 10,400–8200 cal yr BP and a paleo-earthquake occurred between 8200–7200 cal yr BP. We discuss various causes and mechanisms for the formation of disturbances in lake sediments, including the Storrega tsunami and paleo-earthquakes, which during and after deglaciation were strong and frequent.

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