scholarly journals Supplemental Material: A new geological map of the Lau Basin (southwestern Pacific Ocean) reveals crustal growth processes in arc-backarc systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Stewart ◽  
et al.
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Triple Junction ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Crustal Growth ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Scale Item ◽  
Lau Basin ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Ground Truthing

<div>Supplemental Material. Item S1: Geological map of the Lau Basin at 1:1,000,000 scale. Item S2: Geological map of the Mangatolu Triple Junction at 1:200,000 scale. Item S3: Cruise listing and data sources. Item S4: Ground-truthing dataset for the geological map of the Lau Basin.<br></div>

scholarly journals Supplemental Material: A new geological map of the Lau Basin (southwestern Pacific Ocean) reveals crustal growth processes in arc-backarc systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Stewart ◽  
et al.
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Triple Junction ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Crustal Growth ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Scale Item ◽  
Lau Basin ◽  
Geological Map ◽  
Ground Truthing

<div>Supplemental Material. Item S1: Geological map of the Lau Basin at 1:1,000,000 scale. Item S2: Geological map of the Mangatolu Triple Junction at 1:200,000 scale. Item S3: Cruise listing and data sources. Item S4: Ground-truthing dataset for the geological map of the Lau Basin.<br></div>

Fe and S-isotope compositions of hydrothermal deposits from Kings Triple Junction, Lau Basin, southwest Pacific Ocean

2021 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 103929
Author(s):  
Durbar Ray ◽  
Bulusu Sreenivas ◽  
L. Surya Prakash ◽  
Aninda Mazumdar ◽  
Aditya Peketi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Triple Junction ◽  
Lau Basin ◽  
Southwest Pacific ◽  
Hydrothermal Deposits ◽  
S Isotope

scholarly journals Continental Crustal Growth Processes Revealed by Detrital Zircon Petrochronology: Insights From Zealandia

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Campbell ◽  
Gideon Rosenbaum ◽  
Charlotte M. Allen ◽  
Carl Spandler
Keyword(s):  
Detrital Zircon ◽  
Crustal Growth ◽  
Growth Processes

scholarly journals Hydrothermal trace metal release and microbial metabolism in the northeastern Lau Basin of the South Pacific Ocean

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 5397-5422
Author(s):  
Natalie R. Cohen ◽  
Abigail E. Noble ◽  
Dawn M. Moran ◽  
Matthew R. McIlvin ◽  
Tyler J. Goepfert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Spreading Center ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Lau Basin ◽  
Southwest Pacific ◽  
South Pacific Ocean ◽  
Close Proximity

Abstract. Bioactive trace metals are critical micronutrients for marine microorganisms due to their role in mediating biological redox reactions, and complex biogeochemical processes control their distributions. Hydrothermal vents may represent an important source of metals to microorganisms, especially those inhabiting low-iron waters, such as in the southwest Pacific Ocean. Previous measurements of primordial 3He indicate a significant hydrothermal source originating in the northeastern (NE) Lau Basin, with the plume advecting into the southwest Pacific Ocean at 1500–2000 m depth (Lupton et al., 2004). Studies investigating the long-range transport of trace metals associated with such dispersing plumes are rare, and the biogeochemical impacts on local microbial physiology have not yet been described. Here we quantified dissolved metals and assessed microbial metaproteomes across a transect spanning the tropical and equatorial Pacific with a focus on the hydrothermally active NE Lau Basin and report elevated iron and manganese concentrations across 441 km of the southwest Pacific. The most intense signal was detected near the Mangatolo Triple Junction (MTJ) and Northeast Lau Spreading Center (NELSC), in close proximity to the previously reported 3He signature. Protein content in distal-plume-influenced seawater, which was high in metals, was overall similar to background locations, though key prokaryotic proteins involved in metal and organic uptake, protein degradation, and chemoautotrophy were abundant compared to deep waters outside of the distal plume. Our results demonstrate that trace metals derived from the NE Lau Basin are transported over appreciable distances into the southwest Pacific Ocean and that bioactive chemical resources released from submarine vent systems are utilized by surrounding deep-sea microbes, influencing both their physiology and their contributions to ocean biogeochemical cycling.

scholarly journals The tectonic and volcanic evolution of the Mangatolu Triple Junction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Mensing ◽  
Margaret Stewart ◽  
Mark Hannington ◽  
Alan Baxter ◽  
Dorothee Mertmann
Keyword(s):  
Triple Junction ◽  
Hydrothermal Systems ◽  
Spreading Center ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Triple Junctions ◽  
Lau Basin ◽  
The North ◽  
Spreading Centers ◽  
Spreading Rates ◽  
Back Arc

&lt;p&gt;The Mangatolu Triple Junction (MTJ) is an intraoceanic back-arc spreading center that is host to at least 3 distinct hydrothermal systems. It is located in the NE Lau Basin, which opened due to rollback of the Pacific plate along the Tonga-Kermadec trench. At the MTJ, three spreading centers meet in a ridge-ridge-ridge (RRR)-type triple junction separating the Tonga plate in the east, the Niuafo&amp;#8217;ou microplate in the southwest, and an unnamed microplate in the north. The MTJ is directly linked to the formation and evolution of the Northeast Lau microplate mosaic, as plate fragmentation inevitably results in the formation of triple junctions, but it remains unclear whether the spreading centers are the drivers of plate fragmentation or a consequence of stress relocation related to microplate rotation. Detailed investigation of the geology and structural setting of the MTJ therefore provides valuable insight into the development in the northeast Lau Basin. Here we present the first comprehensive 1:200,000 geological map of the MTJ, based on a compilation of marine geophysical data (hydroacoustics, magnetics, and gravity) derived from 7 research cruises that have investigated the region between 2004 and 2018. Analysis of the mapped geological formations at the MTJ shows the importance of relict arc crust originating from the Tofua Arc in the architecture of the triple junction, which includes three stages of back-arc crust development and extensive off-axis volcanism. The spreading centers along each arm of the MTJ exploit pre-existing crustal weaknesses, interpreted to have formed during initial Lau Basin opening. A reconstruction of the basin opening, based on the mapped features and published spreading rates, revealed that initiation of the MTJ commenced approximately 180,000 years ago, consistent with the very recent and ongoing dynamic evolution of the NE Lau Basin and emerging microplate mosaic. Intersecting fabrics indicate sequential evolution of the 3 arms of the triple junction, with extension along the northeast arm dominant in the early history and more recent extension along the southern and western arms. The results of this study contribute to our growing understanding of the tectonic framework of the northeast Lau Basin and the role of triple junctions in microplate formation.&lt;/p&gt;

A new species of Phyllochaetopterus (Chaetopteridae: Annelida) from near hydrothermal vents in the Lau Basin, western Pacific Ocean

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1621 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
EIJIROH NISHI ◽  
GREG W. ROUSE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Hydrothermal Vents ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Anterior Region ◽  
Western Pacific Ocean ◽  
Middle Region ◽  
Lau Basin ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
A New Species

Phyllochaetopterus lauensis n. sp., a new species of Chaetopteridae, is described from material collected by the DSV Jason II from the vicinity of hydrothermal vents in the Lau Basin, western Pacific Ocean. The new species is characterized by the coloration and patterning of the ventral shield of the anterior region (region A), the presence of one large cutting chaeta on each parapodium of the fourth chaetiger (A4), the shape of these A4 cutting chaetae (with a pear-shaped head), and presence of two middle-region (region B) chaetigers with foliose notopodia. The new species is very similar to some Spiochaetopterus species, but belongs in Phyllochaetopterus based on its possession of a pair of anterior ‘antennae’, which are in fact cirri of chaetiger one with internal chaetae. The new species is compared to other Phyllochaetopterus species, particularly from the Pacific, and we provide a table for all species currently referred to the genus.

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